小学一年级语文生字大全

烟村亭台家座十枝花片荷叶朵荷花条小鱼青蛙太阳小鸟闹钟穿衣起早下床洗脸刷牙用餐升旗做操上学绿树红花公园小桥宝塔流水转椅山洞火车滑梯秋千木马双手大脑思考创造又人做工才能红旗我们立正敬礼向蓝天白云树林小河泥土种子祖国花朵儿子雨点池塘睡觉小溪散步江河奔跑海洋跳跃水里秋姑娘她凉爽清香甘甜果实美丽大风漂亮月亮地方看菊花爸妈迎着寒风都很喜爱观察采集昆虫田野花丛螳螂蚂蚁蟋蟀蝴蝶天牛蜻蜓沙滩贝壳脚丫海风海鸥浪花珍珠鱼虾海带港湾渔船晚霞竹竿草地放羊牧羊犬鸡鸭白鹅乌鸦知道成熟谁刘阿姨打电话老师没有从太空回到地球豆豆一年晶亮东西两块东西让惊动安静瞧再见那么他们怀素写字唐代和尚笔顺当纸用后来书法家比较雪花枝头好像梨花麦苗越开越多越盖越厚开放棉被快乐的梦北风吹着听见浮出一口气鹅毛颜色躲捉迷藏青草对手接招弯弯叫感谢水分干枯更好满眼红日东升秋高气爽窗明几净书声琅琅人口手足金木水火舌耳目田土虫鱼鸟瓜果豆猫狗兔竹禾米谷兄弟姐妹父母儿女春种秋收东南西北前后左右上下来去左立跑走1、初一英语语法——词法1、名词A）、名词的数我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词,而不可数名词它没有复数形式,但可数名词却有单数和复数之分,复数的构成如下：一）在后面加s.如：fathers,books,Americans,Germans,apples,bananas二）x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es.如：boxes,glasses,dresses,watches,wishes,faxes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es如：baby-babies,family-families,duty-duties,comedy-comedies,documentary-documentaries,story-stories2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s.如：day-days,boy-boys,toy-toys,key-keys,ways四）以o结尾加s（外来词）.如：radios,photos,但如是辅音加o的加es：如:tomatoes西红柿,potatoes马铃薯五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s).如：knife-knives,wife-wives,half-halves,shelf-shelves,leaf-leaves,yourself-yourselves六）单复数相同（不变的）有：fish,sheep,deer鹿子,Chinese,Japanese七）一般只有复数,没有单数的有：people,pants,shorts,shoes,glasses,gloves,clothes,socks八）单词形式不变,既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局,警察,class班,同学,family家,家庭成员九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词,多数为后一个单词.如：actionmovie-actionmovies,penpal-penpals;但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数.如：mandoctor-mendoctors,womanteacher-womenteachers十）有的单复数意思不同.如：fish鱼fishes鱼的种类,paper纸papers报纸,卷子,论文,work工作works作品,工厂,glass玻璃glasses玻璃杯,眼镜,orange桔子水oranges橙子,light光线lights灯,people人peoples民族,time时间times时代,次数,chicken鸡肉chickens小鸡十一）单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或’s.如：Is(I’s),Ks(K’s).但如是缩略词则只加s.如：IDs,VCDs,SARs十二）特殊形式的有：child-children,man-men,woman-women,foot-feet,mouse-mice,policeman-policemen,Englishman-EnglishmenB）名词的格当我们要 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示某人的什么东西或人时,我们就要使用所有格形式.构成如下：一）单数在后面加’s.如：brother’s,Mike’s,teacher’s二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加’,如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理.如：Teachers’Day教师节,classmates’;Children’sDay六一节,Women’sDay三八节三）由and并列的名词所有时,如果是共同所有同一人或物时,只加最后一个’s,但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理.如：MikeandBen’sroom迈克和本的房间（共住一间）,Mike’sandBen’srooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间）2、代词项目人称代词物主代词指示代词反身代词人称主格宾格形容词名词性第一人称单数Imemyminemyself复数weusouroursourselves第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称单数sheherherhersherselfhehimhishishimselfitititsitsthisthatitself复数theythemtheirtheirsthesethosethemselves3、动词A）第三人称单数当动词是第三人称单数时,动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s,如下：一）一般在词后加s.如：comes,spells,waits,talks,sees,dances,trains二）在x,sh,ch,s,tch后加es.如：watches,washes,wishes,finishes三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es.如：study-studies,hurry-hurries,try-tries2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s.如：plays,says,stays,enjoys,buys四）以o结尾加es.如：does,goes五）特殊的有：are-is,have-hasB）现在分词当我们说某人正在做什么事时,动词要使用分词形式,不能用原形,构成如下：一）一般在后加ing.如：spell-spelling,sing-singing,see-seeing,train-training,play-playing,hurry-hurrying,watch-watching,go-going,do-doing二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing.如：dance-dancing,wake-waking,take-taking,practice-practicing,write-writing,have-having三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母＋一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show–showing,draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing.如：put-putting,run-running,get-getting,let-letting,begin-beginning四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing.如：tie-tying系die-dying死lie-lying位于4、形容词的级我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时,则要使用比较或最高级形式.构成如下：一）一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st).如：greater-greatest,shorter–shortest,taller–tallest,longer–longest,nicer-nicest,larger-largest二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母＋1个辅音字母(字母组合除外,如few-fewerfewest)结尾的双写结尾的辅音再加er/est.如：big-biggerbiggest,red-redderreddest,hot-hotterhottest三）以辅音字母＋y结尾的变y为i加er/est.如：happy-happierhappiest,sorry-sorriersorriest,friendly-friendlierfriendliest(morefriendlymostfriendly),busy-busierbusiest,easy-easiereasiest四）特殊情况：(两好多坏,一少老远)good/well-betterbestmany/much-moremostbad/ill–worseworstlittle-lessleastold-older/elderoldest/eldestfar-farther/furtherfarthest/furthest5、数词(基变序,有规则；一、二、三,自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾,变为i,eth跟上去.)first,second,third;fifth,eighth,ninth,twelfth;seventh,tenth,thirteenth,hundredth;twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,ninety-ninetieth二、初一英语语法——句式1.陈述句肯定陈述句a)Thisisabook.(be动词)b)Helooksveryyoung.(连系动词)c)Iwantasweatlikethis.(实义动词)d)Icanbringsomethingstoschool.(情态动词)e)There’sacomputeronmydesk.(Therebe结构)否定陈述句a)Thesearen’ttheirbooks.b)Theydon’tlooknice.c)Katedoesn’tgotoNo.4MiddleSchool.d)Katecan’tfindherdoll.e)Thereisn’tacathere.(=There’snocathere.)2.祈使句肯定祈使句a)Pleasegoandasktheman.b)Let’slearnEnglish!c)Comein,please.否定祈使句a)Don’tbelate.b)Don’thurry.3.疑问句1)一般疑问句a)IsJimastudent?b)CanIhelpyou?c)Doesshelikesalad?d)DotheywatchTV?e)Isshereading?肯定回答:a)Yes,heis.b)Yes,youcan.c)Yes,shedoes.d)Yes,theydo.e)Yes,sheis.否定回答:a)No,heisn’t.b)No,youcan’t.c)No,shedoesn’t.d)No,theydon’t.e)No,sheisn’t.2)选择疑问句Isthetablebigorsmall?回答It’sbig./It’ssmall.3)特殊疑问句①问年龄HowoldisLucy?Sheistwelve.②问种类Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?Ilikeactionmoviesandcomedies.③问身体状况Howisyouruncle?Heiswell/fine.④问方式Howdo/canyouspellit?L-doubleO-K.Howdowecontactyou?Mye-mailaddressiscindyjones@163.com.⑤问原因Whydoyouwanttojointheclub?⑥问时间What’sthetime?(=Whattimeisit?)It’saquartertotena.m..Whattimedoyouusuallygetup,Rick?Atfiveo’clock.Whendoyouwanttogo?Let’sgoat7:00.⑦问地方Where’smybackpack?It’sunderthetable.⑧问颜色Whatcolorarethey?Theyarelightblue.What’syourfavouritecolor?It’sblack.⑨问人物Who’sthat?It’smysister.Whoistheboyinblue?Mybrother.Whoisn’tatschool?PeterandEmma.WhoareLisaandTimtalkingto?⑩问东西What’sthis/that(inEnglish)?It’sapencilcase.Whatelsecanyouseeinthepicture?Icanseesomebroccoli,strawberriesandhamburgers.11问姓名What’syouraunt’sname?HernameisHelen./She’sHelen.What’syourfirstname?Myfirstname’sBen.What’syourfamilyname?Myfamilyname’sSmith.12问哪一个Whichdoyoulike?Ilikeoneinthebox.13问字母Whatletterisit?It’sbigD/smallf.14问价格Howmucharethesepants?They’re15dollars.15问电话号码What’syourphonenumber?It’s576-8349.16问谓语(动作)What’shedoing?He’swatchingTV.17问职业(身份)Whatdoyoudo?I’mateacher.What’syourfather?He’sadoctor.三、初一英语语法——时态1、一般现在时表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时,它有：Be动词：She’saworker.Issheaworker?Sheisn’taworker.情态动词：Icanplaythepiano.Canyouplaythepiano?Ican’tplaythepiano.行为动词：Theywanttoeatsometomatoes.Dotheywanttoeatanytomatoes?Theydon’twanttoeatanytomatoes.Ginahasanicewatch.DoesGinahaveanicewatch?Ginadoesn’thaveawatch.2、现在进行时表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态,结构为sbbev-ingsth+其它.I’mplayingbaseball.Areyouplayingbaseball?I’mnotplayingbaseball.Nancyiswritingaletter.IsNancywritingaletter?Nancyisn’twritingaletter.They’relisteningtothepopmusic.Aretheylisteningthepopmusic?Theyaren’tlisteningtothepopmusic.德风采海海