八年级英语-上海教育出版社Unit-1-Encyclopaedias

Unitone必记单词百科全书_________恐龙______人的______意大利人__________可能，大概______发明家__________发明________音乐家________笔记本_____科学家_____包括，包含___________出生_____甚至_____乡村__________然而_____才智_____突然，忽然_____有艺术天赋的_____没有人_____才能，能力______化石_____获胜,赢_____美元_____必记短语听________了解到________谈论________出生________自从那时________在乡村，在农村________________人________例如________灭绝，消失________在报纸上____________各种各样的____________在...的尽头，在...末尾____________多于________过去常常做____________知道关于...的情况____________有一天________因.....而出名________如此多________/____了解到，弄清________在窗户旁边____________挨着________对....感兴趣____________确信________去散步________________在山上____________处理________许多，大量____________由....组成，构成把....和.....连接起来________词汇解析human人的，thehumanbody人体【知识拓展】human，人，也写作humanbeing。Dogscanhearmuchbetterthanhumans.狗的听觉比人灵敏的多。练习：1.Weareallh______beings.2.Wolveswillnotusuallyattack（袭击)h__________.3.Theserobotsarejustlikeh_________.learnabout获悉，得知，了解到about是介词，后面接名词，代词做宾语，about也可用of代替。例：We'reallsorrytolearnaboutherillness.听到她生病的消息，我们都很难过。listento意为“听”。listen意为“听”，指听的过程，强调动作，是不及物动词，不能直接跟宾语，若表示听某人或某事时，后面要加介词to，to后接名词或代词。例：Listentoaradioprogramaboutthe“HumanEncyclopedia”.听关于“百科全书”的广播节目。练习1.我很高兴帮你了解中国。Iamgladtohelpyou________________China.我经常听收音机学习英语。Ioften___________________________andlearnEnglish.Inventor发明家Heisafamousinventor.他是一位有名的发明家。【知识拓展】（1）invent发明，创造，指发明，创造出来的是以前没有的东西。Gilbertdiscoveredelectricity，butEdisoninventedthelightbulb.吉尔伯特发现了电，但爱迪生发明了灯泡。invention发明Theinventionofthecomputermarkedthebeginningofanewera.计算机的发明标志着一个新时代的开始。musician音乐家，可数名词。apieceofmusic一首音乐listentomusic听音乐【知识拓展】music音乐，乐曲musical音乐的Scientist科学家【知识拓展】-ist是表示人的职业类词汇的后缀：scient科学--------scientist科学家art艺术----------artist艺术家piano钢琴----------pianist钢琴家violin小提琴-------violinist小提琴家born出生bebornon+地点；bebornin出生于Iwasbornin1980.我生于1980年。ability才能，能力，复数是abilities，havetheabilitytodosth有能力做某事include包括，包含Thepriceoftheroomincludesbreakfast.房间的租金包括在早餐在内。【词语辨析】include,including（1）include为及物动词，意为“包含，包括”指整体中包含明确说出的某些部分，有时不一定举出所包含的全部内容。Thepriceincludesbothhouseandfurniture.价钱包括房子和家具including介词，意为“包含，包括”Therearesevenpeople,includingfourmen.共有七人，包括四位男士。nobody没有人，nobody相当于not......anybody.Isawnobody.=Ididn'tseeanybody.我没有见到一个人。新词强化训练根据汉语提示完成句子Iwas_______(出生）inasmallvillage.I'mplanningtospendsometimeinthebeautiful__________(乡村).Ilovenature.Hehasthe________(能力）tobethemanager.________(也许）I'llseehimtomorrow,butI’mnotsure.Ithinkthemosthelpful______(发明)isthelightbulb._________(甚至）achildcanunderstandit.Myhouseissmall.It'sverycomfortable,_______(然而）._______(突然）therewasaloudnoise.Iopenedthethedoor,butIcouldsee___________(无人）.用所给词的适当形式填空TheChinese__________(inventor)thecompass(指南针）.Shelikeslisteningto__________(musician).Myfavoritesubjectis_________(scientist)You'llfindtheplan___________(include)mostofyoursuggestions.Theirdaughterisvery______________(intelligence)morethan后接数词，意为“超过，多于"，相当于overHehasbeenillformorethantwoweeks,.他病了俩周多。lookup查找，后面接名词或代词做宾语必须放在look与up之间。Pleaselookitupinthedictionary,ifyoudon'tknow.如果你不明白就请查字典。onearth在地球上，在世界上，在人间，相当于intheworld.Dinosaurslivedonearthmorethan60millionyearsbeforehumanbeings.在人类之前，恐龙在地球上生活了6千多万年。【知识拓展】onearth意为“究竟”。一般用于疑问词后表示强调Whereonearthhaveyoubeenjustnow.刚才你究竟去哪了？as+形容词或副词原级+as表示双方在某个方面一样，前一个as是副词，其后跟形容词或副词原级，后一个as是连词，常引导一个省略的比较状语从句。notas+形容词或副词原级+as表示双方在某个方面不同。Wethinkscienceisasimportantasmaths.我们认为自然科学和数学一样重要。usedto意为“过去常常，以前常常”，后面接动词原形，表示过去的习惯，只表示过去和现在的对比，暗指现在已经不存在的动作或状态。Iusedtobeafraidofthedark.我过去常常怕黑。somethingimportant意为重要的事情，something为不定代词，形容词修饰复合不定代词时放在不定代词后面Iwanttodosomethingdifferent.我想做些不同的事。remember及物动词，意为“记得，记住”，remembertodosomething意为“记得去做某事”，rememberdoingsth意为“记得做过某事”。Pleaseremembertoposttheletterforme.请记得为我邮这封信。Iremembertellingyouabouther.我记得告诉过你关于她的事。famous出名的，著名的，sb+befamousfor指某人以某种知识，技能或特征出名。sb+befamousas指某人以某种身份出名EinsteinwasfamousforhisTheoryofRelativity.爱因斯坦以他的《相对论》而闻名Einsteinwasfamousasagreatscientist.爱因斯坦以一位伟大的科学家而著称。sp+befamousfor指某地以某种地产而出名。sp+befamousas指以什么样的产地或地方出名。Thisareaisfamousforitsgreentea.这个地区以绿茶而出名。Thisareaisfamousasagreenteaproducingplace.这个地区是著名的绿茶产地。forexample与suchasforexample(接句子）用来举例说明某一论点或情况，一般只列举同类人或事物中的“一个”为例，做插入语，可放在句首，句中或句末。Forexample,I'llhelpyouwithyourstudy.例如，我会在学习上帮助你。suchas（接名词，或名词短语）用来举例，一般列举同类人或事物中的几个为例，插在被例举的事物与名词之间，as后面不可有逗号。Iknowmanyofthem,suchasMike,Tom,andBill.知识巩固根据汉语意思完成句子我们学校有三千多名学生。Thereare_____________threethousandstudentsinourschool.关于中国文学你了解多少？Howmuchdoyou____________theChineseliterature.例如，约翰就有相同的观点。______________,Johnhasthesameopinion.如果你不认识这个单词，可以在字典中查找它。Ifyoudon'tknowthisworld,youcan_________________________inthedictionary.地球上有上百万种生物。Therearemillionsoflivingthings___________________.我们学校有许多花，一些是红的，另一些是黄的。Therearemanyflowersinourschool;____arered;________areyellow.他和哥哥一样高。Heis_______________________hisbrother.我希望有一天能参观夏威夷。IhopetovisitHawaii_____________________.用适当的介词或副词填空Pleaseconnecttheprinter_________thecomputer.Attheend_____thisroad,youcanseeasupermarket.Becauseoftheenvironmentproblems,manykindsofanimalshavedied_______.Chinaisfamous_______theGreatWall.YaoMingisfamous__________abasketballplayer.win赢，获胜后面接match,game等名词做宾语Hewonaprizeyesterday.他昨天得了一个奖。beat也可表示“打败，战胜”的意思，但此后只能接表示人的词做宾语，此外，beat还有“敲打”的意思，表示连续不断的动作。Weweren'tsurewecouldbeatthem.我们没有把握能打败他们。Hisheartisstillbeating.他的心脏还在跳动。强化训练Whatanexcitingfootballmatch!DalianShideTeam________ShanghaiShenhua.A.wonB.lostC.failedD.beatfindout意为“查明，弄清楚情况”指找出比较难找的抽象事物。知识拓展find强调经过寻找后的结果，表示“发现”Ifindawatchontheroad.我在路上发现了一块表。findout意为“发现，弄清，查明”强调“经过调查，研究或仔细搜寻而得出某一事情的真相或结论”Weshallfindoutthetruthearlyorlater.我们迟早会查明真相。lookfor意为“寻找”着重找的过程。Ilookformycat,butIdidn'tfindit.我到处找我的猫，但是没找到。巩固训练他下决心查明那个男孩发生了什么事情。Hedecidedto______________whathadhappenedtotheboy.让我们去寻找答案。Let'sgoand_________________theanswers.beinterestedin对...产生兴趣，对.....感兴趣。后面接动名词，名词，代词。Iwas_________thedrawingandboughtitfor300yuan.goodatB.badatC.interestedinD.terrifiedof我们确信能帮这个男孩找到家人。We____________________wecanhelptheboyfindhisfamily.我们应该互相学习。Weshould_____________eachother.be动词+形容词比较级+than表示俩者之间的比较，意为“更.....,较......”Ourschoolisbiggerthantheirs.我们学校比他们学校大。dowith意为“处理”，常与what连用，表示询问。Whatareyougoingtodowithyouroldbooks?你打算怎么处理你的旧书。知识拓展dealwith意为“解决，应付，处理”后面常接trouble，problem等词，dealwith多与how连用，表示询问。Howdidyoudealwithyourbook?你怎样处理了你的书？知识巩固练习我们将怎样处理这个问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 ？Whatshallwe__________thisproblem?他的头发比萨姆短。Hehas_______hair________Sam,anumberof意为“许多”后跟可数名词复数thenumberof意为“.....的数目”做主语时，谓语动词用单数。Ourcityhasanumberofhotelswithhighstandardofservices.我市有许多高品质服务的宾馆。Thenumberoftheteachersinourschoolis200.我们学校有200位老师。知识巩固地上有许多蚂蚁。Thereare_________________________antsontheground.在超市里有各种各样的事物。Thereare________________________foodsinthesupermarket.sincethen意为“从那时起”用于现在完成时。SincethenhehaslivedinBeijing.makeup意为“组成，构成”强调由几部分组成，多用于其被动形式：bemadeupof.巩固练习五个男学生和两个女学生组成了这个组。Fiveboystudentsandtwogirlstudents____________thegroup.从那时起，发生了很多变化。Manychangeshavetakenplace________________.语法点：some，any，复合不定代词。典例精析It'spolitetotake__________flowersasagiftwhenyougotovisitafriend.A.littleB.anyCsomeTheyneedsomemoreworkersandmoneytobuildthebridge.（改否定句）Theydon'tneed_____moreworkers__________moneytobuildthebridge.Ican'tconnectmycomputertotheInternet.Theremustbe______wrongwithit.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothingMrsBrownisnice.Everydayshetriedtocook_______formeduringmystayinCanada.A.somethingdifferentB.anythingdifferentC.nothingdifferent针对练习Pleasekeepquiet,everybodyIhave_____importanttotellyou.nothingB.somethingC.everythingTheremustbe_______wrongwiththeclock,itdoesn'twork.nothingB.somethingC.everythingD.AnythingCCTV-10oftenplays________aroundtheworld.Itcanhelpuslearnmoreaboutnotonlynaturebutalsodifferentculturesandcustoms.newsomethingB.somethingnewC.anythingnewIthink________canmakeAndychangehismind.Heissuchapersonwhonevergivesupeasily.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everythingMrWangisanexcellentteacher.______inourclasslovesher.A,someoneB,nooneC,everyoneD.anyone6.WhentheGreensmovedintothehouselastweek,_______wasatsixesandsevens,sotheydidabigcleaning.somethingB.everythingC.anythingD.nothingTheywereallverytired,but_______ofthemtookarest.noneB.allC,bothD.eitherIaskedJohnfor______ink,buthedidn'thave________.A.any,someB.any,anyC.some,anyD.some,someIdon'thave_____money.Couldyoupleaselendme_______?A.any,someB.some,anyC.any,anyD.some,some改否定句Therewassomemilkinthebottle.There____________________milkinthebottle.中考链接Lincolncamefromnothing,yethedid______thatchangedtheworld.somethingB.nothingC.everythingD.anything--HowisHeleninthenewschool?--Sheiddoingverywell.Thereis____toworryabout.somethingB.anythingC.nothingD.everythingThereis_____intoday'shomework.A.difficultnothingB.difficultanythingC.nothingdifficultD.anythingdifficult4.Let's_____forawalk,shallwe?A.togoB.goingC.goD.gone5.Thenewproductconsistsoffourmainpartsinside.(改为一般疑问句）_____thenewproduct_________offourmainpartsinside?6.Jessicasolvedthephysicsproblemwithoutanyhelp.(同义句转换）Jessica_______________thephysicsproblemwithoutanyhelp.Iwasb____in1997,I'm15now.Henry'ssisteristwoyearsyoungerthanhe,butsheisas____(taller)ashe.单项填空It'snearlynineo'clockandfatherwill______walkinatanymoment.AispossiblytoB.maybetoC.probablyD.perhapstoThebandplayedmanysongs,______someofmyfavorite.A.includingB.includedC.includeD.toincludeNowtheairinourhometownis_____itusedtobe.Somethingmusttobedonetostopit.AverygoodB.muchbetterC.ratherbadD.evenworseTheplanisallright.________,itcanbemadebetter.A.thenB.howeverC.andD.or---WhohelpedyourepairtheMP4?-----________,Irepaireditallbymyself.somebodyB.nobodyC.anybodyD.everybodyGinawasborn______1999,Sheisoldenoughtogotoschool.A.toB.onC,atD.inTheiceinthelakeisas_____asitwasbefore.ThinB.thinnerC.thinnestD.thethinnestHe_____bea__________boy.Awould,quietB.usedto,quiteC.was,quietD,usedto,quiet------Whatareyougoingtogiveyourmotherforherbirthday?---------I'mnotsure,butI'llbuyher_________.A.somethingspecialB.anythingspecialC.specialsomethingD.specialanythingChinaisvery_______theGreatWallandpandas.A.famousasB.famousforC.readytoD.readyfor