动词变名词，形容词

动词变名词方法小结 (1) 具有某种职业或动作的人 1)-an, -ain, 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示"„„地方的人，精通„„的人" American, historian, 2)-al, 表示"具有„„职务的人" principal, 3)-ant,-ent, 表示"„„者" merchant, agent, servant, student, 4)-ar, 表示"„„的人" scholar, liar, peddler 5)-ard, -art, 表示"做„„的人" coward, laggard, braggart(夸张者) 6)-arian, 表示"„„派别的人， „„主义的人" humanitarian, vegetarian 7)-ary, 表示"从事„„的人" secretary, missionary 8)-ant, 表示"具有„„职责的人" candidate, graduate 9)-ator, 表示"做„„的人" educator, speculator(投机者) 10) -crat, 表示"某种政体，主义的支持者" democrat, bureaucrat 11) -ee, 表示"动作承受者" employee, examinee 12) -eer, 表示"从事于„„人" engineer, volunteer 13) -er, 表示"从事某种职业的人, 某地区，地方的人" banker, observer, Londoner, villager 14) -ese, 表示" „„国人，„..地方的人" Japanese, Cantonese 15) -ess, 表示"阴性人称名词， actress, hostess, manageress 16) -eur, 表示"„„家" amateur, littérateur 17) -ian, 表示"„„地方人，信仰„„.教的人，从事„„职业的人" Christian, physician(内科 医生)， musician 18) -ician, 表示"精通者， „„家，" electrician, magician, technician 19) -icist, 表示"„„家， „„.者, „„.能手" physicist, phoneticist, technicist 20) -ic, 表示"„„者，„„师" mechanic, critic 21) -ie, 表示"爱，指小" dearie, auntie, lassie(小姑娘) 22) -ier, 表示"从事„„职业" cavalier, clothier, brazier(黄铜匠) 23) -ine, ian, 表示"阴性人称" heroine, ballerina 24) -ist, 表示"从事„„研究者， 信仰„„主义者" pianist, communist, dentist, artist, chemist 25) -ive, 表示"动作者，行为者" native, captive 26) -logist, 表示"„„学家，研究者" biologist, geologist(地质学家) 27) -or, 表示"„„者" author, doctor, operator, 28) -ster, 表示"做„„.事情的人" youngster, gamester(赌徒)，songster 29) -yer, 表示" 从事„„职业者" lawyer (2). 构成，具有抽象名词的含义 1) -acy, 表示"性质，状态，境遇" accuracy, diplomacy 2) -age, 表示"状态，行为，身份及其结果，总称" courage, storage, marriage 3) -al, a) 表示"事物的动作，过程" refusal, arrival, survival, denial, approval b) 表示具体的事物 manual, signal, editorial, journal 4) -ance, -ence表示"性质，状况，行为，过程，总量，程度" endurance, importance, diligence, difference, obedience 5) -ancy, -ency, 表示"性质，状态，行为，过程" frequency, urgency, efficiency, 6) -bility, 表示"动作，性质，状态" possibility, feasibility, 7) -craft, 表示"工艺，技巧" woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft(治国策) 8) -cracy, 表示"统治，支配" bureaucracy, democracy 9) -cy, 表示"性质，状态，职位，级别" bankruptcy(破产)，supremacy 10) -dom, 表示"等级，领域，状态" freedom, kingdom, wisdom 11) -ery, -ry, 表示"行为，状态，习性" bravery, bribery, rivalry 12) -ety, 表示"性质，状态" variety, dubiety(怀疑) 13) -faction, -facture, 表示"作成，„„化，作用" satisfaction, manufacture 14) -hood, 表示"资格，身份, 年纪，状态" childhood, manhood, falsehood 15) -ice, 表示"行为，性质，状态" notice, justice, service 16) -ine, 表示"带有抽象概念" medicine, discipline, famine 17) -ing, 表示"动作的过程，结果" building, writing, learning 18) -ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition, 表示"行为的过程，结果，状况" action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction 19) -ise, 表示"性质，状态" exercise, merchandise(商业) 20) -ism, 表示"制度，主义，学说，信仰，行为" socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism 21) -ity, 表示"性质，状态，程度" purity, reality, ability, calamity 22) -ment, 表示"行为，状态，过程，手段及其结果 treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument 23) -mony, 表示"动作的结果，状态" ceremony, testimony 24) -ness, 表示"性质，状态，程度" goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness 25) -or, -our, 表示"动作，性质，状态" favor, error, 26) -osity, 表示"动作，状态" curiosity 27) -ship, 表示"情况，性质，技巧，技能及身份，职业" hardship, membership, friendship 28) -th, 表示"动作，性质，过程，状态" depth, wealth, truth, length, growth 29) -tude, 表示"性质，状态，程度" latitude, altitude(海拔) 30) -ure, 表示"行为，结果" exposure, pressure, failure, procedure(手续)， 31) -y, 表示"行为的结果，状态，性质" glory, history, victory, inquiry (3) 带有场所，地方的含义 1) -age, 表示"住所，地点" village, cottage 2) -ary, 表示"住所，场地" library, granary (谷仓) 3) -ery, ry, 表示"工作场所，饲养所，地点" laundry, nursery, surgery(手术室) 4) -ory, 表示"工作场所，住处" factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory (4) 带有学术，科技含义 1) -grapy, 表示"„„学，写法" biography, calligraphy, geography 2) -ic, ics, 表示"„„学„„法" logic, mechanics, optics, electronics 3) -ology, 表示"„„学„„论" biology, zoology, technology(工艺学) 4) -nomy, 表示"„„学„„术" astronomy, economy, bionomy(生态学) 5) -ery, 表示"学科，技术" chemistry, cookery, machinery 6) -y, 表示"„„学，术，法" photography, philosophy (5) 表示人和事物的总和，集合含义 1) -age, baggage, tonnage 2) -dom, newspaperdom(新闻界) 3)-hood, neighbourhood, womanhood 4)-ery, cavalry, ministry(内阁) 5)-ure, legislature, judicature (6) 表示物品和物质名称的含义 1) -ant, ent, solvent, constant 2) -al, signal, pictorial(画报) 3) ar, collar, pillar(石柱) 4) - er, boiler, computer, washer, cooker 5) -ery, drapery(绸缎) 6) -ing, clothing, matting, 7) -ment, instrument, equipment, attachment (7) 表示"细些 1)-cle, particle, 2)-cule, molecule(分子) 3)-el, parcel 4)-en, chicken, maiden 5)-et, pocket, ticket 6)-etta, -ette, etto, cigarette, essayette(短文) 7)-kin, napkin 8)-ling, duckling, 9)-let, booklet 10) -y, baby, doggy 动词变形容词小结 1.词尾加ful: use - useful, care - careful, help - helpful,thank - thankful peace - peaceful, forget - forgetful, play - playful, succeed - successful, wonder - wonderful 2.词尾加d或ed: please - pleased, unite - united, excite - excited, surprise - surprised, organize - organized, close - closed, wound - wounded, relax - relaxed,develop - developed, appreciate - appreciated,frustrate - frustrated, interest - interested, annoy - annoyed, use - used, frighten - frightened, crowd - crowded, thrill - thrilled, pollute - polluted 3.词尾加ing: interest - interesting, surprise - surprising, excite - exciting develop - developing, frighten - frightening,thrill - thyrilling frustrate - frustrating, relax _ relaxing, live - living rock - rocking, sleep - sleeping 4.词尾变y为i,加ed: worry - worried, marry - married,fry - fried, terrify - terrified satisfy - satisfied 5.词尾加able: know - knowledgeable, enjoy - enjoyabe,suit - suitable adjust - adjustable, comfort - comfortable 6.其它: lose - lost, fool - foolish, live - lively / alive /living, sleep - sleepy / sleeping / asleep,wake - awake, taste - tasty speak - spoken, break - broken, die - dead, educate - aducational, world – worldwide 名词变形容词的方法小结 1(名词后加-y, 如: luck?lucky, cloud?cloudy; wind?windy; rain?rainy; sun?sunny, snow?snowy noise-noisy health?healthy 2(在名词后加-ly, 如: friend?friendly love?lovely day?daily 3(方位名词加-ern，如: east?eastern west?western south?southern north?northern 形容词后缀 (1)带有“属性，倾向，相关”的含义 1)-able, -ible, movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible 2)-al, natural, additional, educational 3)-an, ane, urban, suburban, republican 4)-ant, -ent, distant, important, excellent 5)-ar, similar, popular, regular 6)-ary, military, voluntary 7)-ice, -atie, ical, politic, systematic, historic, physical, 8)-ine, masculine, feminine, marine 9)-ing, moving, touching, daring 10)-ish, foolish, bookish, selfish 11)-ive, active, impressive, decisive 12)-ory, satisfactory, compulsory 13)-il, -ile, -eel, fragile, genteel(文雅的) (2) 表示“相象，类似”的含义 1)-ish, boyish, childish 2)-esque, picturesque 3)-like, manlike, childlike 4)-ly, manly, fatherly, scholarly, motherly 5)-some, troublesome, handsome 6)-y, milky, pasty (3) 表示“充分的”含义 1)-ful, beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful 2)-ous, dangerous, generous, courageous, various 3)-ent, violent, (4) 表示由某种物质形成，制成或生产的含义 1)-en, wooden, golden, woolen 2)-ous, gaseous 3)-fic, scientific (5) 表示方向的含义 1)-ern, eastern, western 2)-ward, downward, forward (6) 表示“倍数”的含义 1)-ble, double, treble 2)ple, triple 3)-fold, twofold, tenfold (7) 表示“数量关系”的含义 1)-teen, thirteen 2)-ty, fifty 3)-th, fourth, fiftieth (8) 表示国籍，语种，宗教的含义 1)-an, Roman, European 2)-ese, Chinese, 3)-ish, English, Spanish (9) 表示“比较程度”的含义 1)-er, greater 2)-ish, reddish, yellowish 3)-est, highest 4)-most, foremost, topmost (10)其他的含义 -less, 表示否定，countless, stainless, wireless