高中英语课本电子版下载

高中英语课本电子版下载 篇一:人教版高中英语教材__总目录 高中英语教材(人教版)总目录高一(必修一) 高一(必修二) 高二(必修三) 高二 (必修四) 高三(必修五) 高三(选修六) 高三(选修七) 篇二:人教版高中英语必修五电子课本 按住Ctrl键单击鼠标打开配套教学视频名师讲课播放 必 修5 Unit 1 JOHH SHOW DEFEATS “KING CHOLERA” John Snow was a famous doctor in London - so expert, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. This was the deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. So many thousands of terrified people died 1 every time there was an outbreak. John Snow wanted to face the challenge and solve this problem. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. The first suggested that cholera multiplied in the air. A cloud of dangerous gas floated around until it found its victims. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease quickly attacked the body and soon the affected person died. John Snow suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed evidence. So when another outbreak hit London in 1854, he was ready to begin his enquiry. As the disease spread quickly through poor neighbourhoods, he began to gather information. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people died in ten days. He was determined to find out why. First he marked on a map the exact places where all the dead people had lived. This gave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease. Many of the deaths were near the water pump in Broad Street (especially numbers 16, 37, 38 and 40). He also noticed that some houses (such as 20 and 21 2 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street) had had no deaths. He had not foreseen this, so he made further investigations. He discovered that these people worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street. They had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the pump. It seemed that the water was to blame. Next, John Snow looked into the source of the water for these two streets. He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. He immediately told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the pump so that it could not be used. Soon afterwards the disease slowed down. He had shown that cholera was spread by germs and not in a cloud of gas. In another part of London, he found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. A woman, who had moved away from Broad Street, liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. Both she and her daughter died of cholera after drinking the water. With this extra evidence John Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus. To prevent this from happening again, John Snow 3 suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. Finally King Cholera was defeated.COPERNICUS’ REVOLUTIONRRY THEORY Nicolaus Copernicus was frightened and his mind was confused. Although he had tried to ignore them, all his mathematical calculations led to the same conclusion: that the earth was not the centre of the solar system. Only if you put the sun there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense. Yet he could not tell anyone about his theory as the powerful Christian Church would have punished him for even suggesting such an idea. They believed God had made the world and for that reason the earth was special and must be the centre of the solar system. The problem arose because astronomers had noticed that some planets in the sky seemed to stop, move backward and then go forward in a loop. Others appeared brighter at times and less bright at others. This was very strange if the earth was the centre of the solar system and all planets went round it. Copernicus had thought long and hard about these 4 problems and tried to find an answer. He had collected observations of the stars and used all his mathematical knowledge to explain them. But only his new theory could do that. So between 1510 and 1514 he worked on it, gradually improving his theory until he felt it was complete. In 1514 he showed it privately to his friends. The changes he made to the old theory were revolutionary. He placed a fixed sun at the centre of the solar system with the planets going round it and only the moon still going round the earth. He also suggested that the earth was spinning as it went round the sun and this explained changes in the movement of the planets and in the brightness of the stars. His friends were enthusiastic and encouraged him to publish his ideas, but Copernicus was cautious. He did not want to be attacked by the Christian Church, so he only published it as he lay dying in 1543. Certainly he was right to be careful. The Christian Church rejected his theory, saying it was against God's idea and people who supported it would be attacked. Yet Copernicus' theory is now the basis on which all our ideas of the universe are built. His theory replaced the Christian idea of gravity, which said things fell to earth 5 because God created the earth as the centre of the universe. Copernicus showed this was obviously wrong. Now people can see that there is a direct link between his theory and the work of Isaac Newton, Albert Einstein and Stephen Hawking. 必修5 Unit 2 PUZZLES IN GEOGRAPHY People may wonder why different words are used to describe these four countries: England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland. You can clarify this question if you study British history. First there was England. Wales was linked to it in the thirteenth century. Now when people refer to England you find Wales included as well. Next England and Wales were joined to Scotland in the seventeenth century and the name was changed to Great Britain. Happily this was accomplished without conflict when King James of Scotland became King of England and Wales as well. Finally the English government tried in the early twentieth century to form the United Kingdom by getting Ireland connected in the same peaceful way. However, the southern part of Ireland was unwilling and broke away to form its own government. So only Northern Ireland joined with England, 6 Wales and Scotland to become the United Kingdom and this was shown to the world in a new flag called the Union Jack. To their credit the four countries do work together in some areas (eg, the currency and international relations), but they still have very different institutions. For example, Northern Ireland, England and Scotland have different educational and legal systems as well as different football teams for competitions like the World Cup!England is the largest of the four countries, and for convenience it is divided roughly into three zones. The zone nearest France is called the South of England, the middle zone is called the Midlands and the one nearest to Scotland is known as the North. You find most of the population settled in the south, but most of the industrial cities in the Midlands and the North of England. Although, nationwide, these cities are not as large as those in China, they have world-famous football teams and some of them even have two! It is a pity that the industrial cities built in the nineteenth century do not attract visitors. For historical architecture you have to go to older but smaller towns built by the Romans. There you will find out more about British history and culture. The greatest historical treasure of all is London with its 7 museums, art collections, theatres, parks and buildings. It is the centre of national government and its administration. It has the oldest port built by the Romans in the first century AD, the oldest building begun by the Anglo-Saxons in the 1060s and the oldest castle constructed by later Norman rulers in 1066. There has been four sets of invaders of England. The first invaders, the Romans, left their towns and roads. The second, the Anglo-Saxons, left their language and their government. The third, the Vikings, influenced the vocabulary and place-names of the North of England, and the fourth, the Normans, left castles and introduced new words for food. If you look around the British countryside you will find evidence of all these invaders. You must keep your eyes open if you are going to make your trip to the United Kingdom enjoyable and worthwhile. SIGHTSEEING IN LONDON Worried about the time available, Zhang Pingyu had made a list of the sites she wanted to see in London. Her first delight was going to the Tower. It was built long ago by the Norman invaders of AD 1066. Fancy! This solid stone, square tower had remained standing for one thousand 8 years.Although the buildings had expanded around it, it remained part of a royal palace and prison combined. To her great surprise, Zhang Pingyu found the Queen's jewels guarded by special royal soldiers who, on special occasions, still wore the four-hundred-year-old uniform of the time of Queen Elizabeth I. There followed St Paul's Cathedral built after the terrible fire of London in 166 6. It looked splendid when first built! Westminster Abbey, too, was very interesting. It contained statues in memory of dead poets and writers, such as Shakespeare. Then just as she came out of the abbey, Pingyu heard the famous sound of the clock, Big Ben, ringing out the hour. She finished the day by looking at the outside of Buckingham Palace, the Queen's house in London. Oh, she had so much to tell her friends! The second day the girl visited Greenwich and saw its old ships and famous clock that sets the world time. What interested her most was the longitude line. It is an imaginary line dividing the eastern and western halves of the world and is very useful for navigation. It passes through Greenwich, so Pingyu had a photo taken standing on either side of the 9 line. The last day she visited Karl Marx's statue in Highgate Cemetery. It seemed strange that the man who had developed communism should have lived and died in London. Not only that, but he had worked in the famous reading room of the Library of the British Museum. Sadly the library had moved from its original place into another building and the old reading room was gone. But she was thrilled by so many wonderful treasures from different cultures displayed in the museum. When she saw many visitors enjoying looking at the beautiful old Chinese pots and other objects on show, she felt very proud of her country. The next day Pingyu was leaving London for Windsor Castle. Perhaps I will see the Queen? she wondered as she fell asleep. 必修5 Unit 3 篇三:人教版高中英语课文原文和翻译 必修1 第一单元 Reading 阅读 ANNE’S BEST FRIEND Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to, like your deepest feelings and thoughts? Or are you afraid 10 that your friend would laugh at you, or would not understand what you are going through? Anne Frank wanted the first kind, so she made her diary her best friend. 安妮最好的朋友 你想不想有一位无话不谈能推心置腹的朋友,或者你会 不会担心你的朋友会嘲笑你，会不理解你目前的困境呢,安 妮?弗兰克想要的是第一种类型的朋友，所以她把的日记视 为自己最好的朋友。 Anne lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. Her family was Jewish so the had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis. She and her family hide away for two years before they were discovered. During that time the only true friend was her diary. She said, “I don’t want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, but I want this diary itself to be my friend, and I shall call my friend Kitty.” Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place since July 1942. 在第二次世界大战期间，安妮住在荷兰的阿姆斯特丹。她 一家人都是犹太人，所以他们不得不躲藏起来，否则就会被 德国的纳粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25个月之后才 被发现。在那段时期，她的日记成了她唯一忠实的朋友。她 说:“我不愿像大多数人那样在日记中记流水账。我要把我 11 的日记当作自己的朋友，我把我的这个朋友叫做基蒂。”现 在，来看看安妮自1942年7月起躲进藏身处后的那种心情 吧。 Thursday 15, June, 1944 Dear kitty, I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound. That’s changed since I was here. ?For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didn’t dare open a window. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. I didn’t go downstairs until the window had to be shut. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face… ?Sadly…I am only able to look at nature through dirty 12 curtains hanging before very dusty windows. It’s no pleasure looking through these any longer because nature is one thing that really must be experienced. Yours, Anne 1944年6月15日，星期四 亲爱的基蒂: 我不知道这是不是因为我太久无法出门的缘故，我变得对一切与大自然有关的事物都无比狂 热。我记得非常清楚，以前，湛蓝的天空、鸟儿的歌唱、月光和鲜花，从未令我心迷神往过。自从我来到这里之后，这一切都变了。 ??比如说，有一天晚上天气很暖和，我故意熬到晚上11点半都不睡觉，为的就是能独自好好地看看月亮。但是因为月光太亮了，我都不敢打开窗户。还有一次，就在五个月以前的一个晚上，我碰巧在楼上，窗户是开着的，我一直呆到非关窗不可的时候才下楼去。漆黑的雨夜，刮着大风，电闪雷鸣，乌云滚滚，我完全被这种景象镇住了。这是我一年半以来第一次亲眼目睹的夜晚?? ??不幸的是??我只能透过那满是灰尘的窗帘下那脏兮兮的窗户看看大自然。只能隔着窗户看那大自然实在没意思，因为大自然是需要真正体验的东西。 13 你的安妮 Using Language 语言运用 Reading and listening读与听 1 Read the letter that Lisa wrote to Miss Wang of Radio for Teenagers and predict what Miss Wang will say. After listening, check and discuss her advice. Dear Miss Wang, I am having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. I’m getting along well with a boy in my class. We often do homework together and we enjoy helping each other. We have become really good friends. But other students have started gossiping. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love. This has made me angry. I don’t want to end the friendship, but I hate others gossiping. What should I do? Yours, Lisa 1 读读琳达为青少年写给电台王小组的这封信，然后王 小姐可能会怎么说。听完录音之后，核对并讨论她的建议。 亲爱的王小姐: 现在我同班上的同学有些麻烦事。我跟我们班里的一位男 同学一直相处的很好。我们常常一起做家庭作业，而且很乐 14 意互相帮助。我们成了真正好朋友。可是，其他同学却在背 后议论起来，他们说我和这位男同学在谈恋爱，这使我很生 气。我不想中断这段友谊，但是，我又讨厌人家背后说闲话。 我该怎么办呢, 你的莉萨 Reading and writing读与写 Miss Wang has received a letter from Xiaodong. He is also asking for some advice. Read the letter on the right carefully and help Miss Wang answer it. 王小姐收到小冬的一封来信。小冬是要征求一些意见。仔 细阅读右边的信，然后帮王小姐回复。 Dear Miss Wang, I’m a student from Huzhou Senior High School. I have a problem. I’m not very good at communicating with people. Although I try to talk to my classmates, I still find it hard to make good friends with them. So I feel quite lonely sometimes. I do want to change this situation, but I don’t know how. I would be grateful if you could give me some advice. Yours, Xiaodong 亲爱的王小姐: 15 我是湖州高中的一名学生，我有一个难题，我不大善于与 人们交际。虽然我试着和班上的同学交谈，但是，我还是很 难跟他们成为好朋友。因此，有时候我感到十分的孤独。我 确实想改变这种现状，但是我却不知道怎么办。如果您能给 我提些建议，我会非常感谢的。 你的小东 2 Decide which are the best ideas and put them into an order. Then write down your advice and explain how it will help. Each idea can make one paragraph. The following sample and the expressions may help you Dear Xiaodong, I’m sorry you are having trouble in making friends. However, the situation is easy to change if you follow my advice. Here are some tips to help you. First, why not…? If you do this,… Secondly, you could / can … Then / That way, … Thirdly, it would be a good idea if … By doing this, … I hope you will find these ideas useful. Yours Miss Wang 16 2 决定哪些是最好并把它们按顺序组织起来。然后把你 的建议写出来，并解释它为什么会有所帮助。每个想法可以 自成一个段落。下面的例子和 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 达可能对你有所帮助。 亲爱的小冬: 很遗憾听说你在交朋友的过程中遇到了困难。但是，如果 你听听我的建议，这种情况是很容易改变的。这些建议会对 你有所帮助。 第一，为什么不??呢, 如果你这样做?? 第二，你可以?? 这样的话?? 第三，如果??那将是个不错的主意。 通过做?? 我希望你会发现这些想法对你有所帮助。 你的王小姐 LEARNING TIP 学习建议 It’s a good habit for you to keep a diary. It can help you remember past events. You can express your feelings and thoughts in it. It will help you improve your English if you write your diary in English. Why not have a try? 写日记对你来说是一个好习惯。它可以帮你记住一些过去 发生的事件。你还可以在日记中表达你的情感和思想。如果 17 你用英语写日记的话，还可以帮助你提高英语水平。为什么 不试一试呢, 第二单元 Reading 阅读 THE ROAD TO MODERN ENGLISH At the end of the 16th century, about five to seven million people spoke English. Nearly all of them lived in England. Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries. Today, more people speak English as their first, second or foreign language than ever before. 通向现代英语之路 在16世纪末，大约有五至七百万人讲英语。几乎所有这 些讲英语的人都住在英格兰。在其后的一个世纪中，英格兰 人为征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，结果世界的其他 地方的人们也开始说英语了。今天，把英语作为自己的第一 语言、第二语言或外语来使用的人比以往任何时候都多。 Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. Look at this example: British Betty: Would you like to see my flat? American Amy: Yes, I’d like to come up to your 18 apartment. 以英语作为母语的人，即使他们所讲不是同一种英语，他 们也能彼此听懂。请看看这个例子: 英国人贝蒂:来看看 我的公寓吗, 美国人艾米:好的，我来看看你的公寓吧。 So why has English changed over time? Actually all languages change and develop when cultures meet and communicate with each other. At first the English spoken in England between about AD 450 and 1150 was very different from the English spoken today. It was based more on German than the English we speak at present. Then gradually between about AD 800 and 1150, English became less like German because those who ruled England spoken first Danish and later French. These new settlers eiched the English language and especially its vocabulary. So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before. In 1620 some British settlers moved to America. Later in the 18th century some British people were taken to Australia too. English began to be spoken in both countries. 那么，随着时间的推移英语为什么发生了变化呢,实际 上，当不同文化相互交流渗透时，所有的语言都会有所发展 19 和变化。开始，英格兰人在大约公元450年到1150年之间 所说的英语与我们今天所说的英语很不一样。当时的英语更 多的是以德语为基础的，不像我们现在说的英语。后来，大 约在公元800年至1150年之间，英语慢慢变得不那么像德 语，因为统治英格兰的那些人开始是说丹麦语，后来说法语。 这些新来的定居者丰富了英语语言，尤其是丰富了英语词 汇。所以到17世纪初的时候，莎士比亚能够得以使用比以 往任何时候都丰富的词汇。1620年一些英国定居者来到了美 洲，后来到了18世纪的时候，一些英国人还被带到了澳大 利亚。英语也就开始在这两个国家使用。 Finally by the 19th century the language was settled. At that time two big changes in English spelling happened: first Samuel Johnson wrote his dictionary and later Noah Webster wrote The American Dictionary of the English Language. The latter gave a separate identity to American English spelling. 最后到19世纪的时候，英语这种语言就变得稳定了。当 时，英语的拼写发生了两个很大的变化:先是塞缪尔?约翰 逊编写了他的英语词典，后是诺亚?韦伯斯特出版了《美国 英语词典》。后者使得美式英语的拼写有了其独特的个性。 English now is also spoken as a foreign or second language in South Asia. For example, India has a very large number 20 of fluent English speakers because Britain ruled India from 1765 to 1947. During that time English became the language for government and education. English is also spoken in Singapore and Malaysia and countries in Africa such as South Africa. Today the number of people learning English in China is increasing rapidly. In fact, China may have the largest number of English learners. Will Chinese English develop its own identity? Only time will tell. 现在英语在南亚地区也被作为外语或第二语言使用。比 如，印度就有很多人说英语说得很流利，因为在1765年到 1947年之间英国统治着印度。在此期间，英语成了印度政府 和教育所用的语言。在新加坡和马来西亚以及像非洲的南 非，人们现在也说英语。当今，在中国学英语的人数正在快 速增加，事实上，中国可能是学英语人数最多的国家。中国 式英语是否也能发展成一种具有自己独特个性的语言,这 还有待时间去证明。 Using Language 语言运用 STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS What is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard 21 English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However, on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different form “standard language”, it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved form one place to another, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects. 什么是标准英语,是在英国、美国、加拿大、澳大利亚、 22 印度、新西兰所说的英语吗,信不信由你，(世界上)没有什么标准英语。许多人认为，电视和收音机里所说的英语就是标准英语，这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。然而， 23