personification(拟人)It

personification(拟人)It Unit 5 Money Teaching Objectives: In this unit students are required to: 1. Practice listening skills; 2. Get to know some useful information concerning the topic of this unit; 3. Do some preparation activities such as discussion, group work to enhance their spoken English and communicative skills; 4. Learn new words and phrases to further broaden students’ scope of vocabulary; 5. Read the in-class reading passage within limited time for a general idea of the passage and then do detailed reading for a command of useful expressions; Do post-reading exercises and some after-class reading to test how far they have 6. gone in grasping reading skills and language points; 7. Translate some key sentences in the unit to upgrade students’ translation abilities; Teaching Methodology Communicative approach; Multi-media teaching; Teaching process: Pre-task------Task cycle------Post-task Time Distribution Listening & Speaking: 2 periods; In-class Reading :2 periods; Exercise & After-class Reading :2 periods; Further Development &Writing :2 periods. Period 1 &2 Listening and Speaking I、Teaching Focus 1. Background information introduction 2. Preparation 3. Listening to tapes II、Teaching steps 1. Background Information: Normally we think of money as the coins and paper notes that are used as a standard medium of exchange or payment within any particular country. Great Britain has the pound, France has the franc, China has the Yuan, and the United States the dollar. But in all technologically advanced societies, there are now many different kinds of money. Wealth is not only measured by the amount of coins or paper notes that we possess but also by various types of assets. Aside from real estate(land, houses, buildings, etc.) and other forms of material wealth like paintings or jewelry, some people can also own stocks and bonds. The resources of a company are divided into portions or shares that are issued in the form of transferable certificates called stocks. If a company does well, the profits are divided among stockholders. If a government or a company wants to borrow money, it can issue bonds or certificates of debt that promise to pay back by a certain date the money borrowed plus interest. The risk factor is much higher in stocks. Bonds provide a safer form of investment but they are less profitable. Both stocks and bonds are bought and sold on the stock market. In modern societies, most people are not paid in cash. They receive checks which must be deposited in an account in a bank or a credit union, for example. This, in turn, enables them to pay for goods and services with personal checks rather than using cash. Providing they have a high enough income, they can also use credit cards and other non-cash systems. The increasing number of ways that are used to replace real currency is reminiscent of the multitude of objects once used as primitive money. Depending on the economy and the culture, these included such things as beads, jade, gold, silver, ivory, hoes, guns, oxen, and pigs. These types of items were used in addition to direct bartering in which one object was exchanged for another. Along with other ancient civilizations, China developed bronze coins over 3,000 years ago. Coins had the advantage of being easier to control and to standardize. the value of money has always been linked to political and economic power. Even today, the international trading currencies in the world-the US dollar, the Deutsche mark, the British pound, etc.-all reflect the relative strength of their countries. The future of the mew European currency, called the Euro, will depend on the combined strength of the eleven countries supporting it. There have always been moral issues related to money. Some societies regarded lavish spending as morally wrong, while others considered lending money at a high rate of interest as a social crime. Many stories have been written on the miser’s greed for money. According to The Bill,” The love of money is the root of all evil.” The famous playwright, George Bernard Shaw(1856-1950),stated that, in the final analysis, it was not the love but the lack of money that was the root of all evil. While it is true that money causes all kinds of problems, it is equally true that in today’s society it is a necessary evil. 2. Preparation 1(A Guessing Game The solution is money. This poem is written using personification(拟人).It can be paraphrased as: Money comes in different shapes and it is appealing, And it is always worth something; No matter what color it is, money is useful, Money is often blamed for many things; It causes both worries and joys, Most people like money. If you don’t have money, you don’t have much power To brighten up a sad life; For some people, acing money validates Their life, their soul, and everything they love. Other people don’t like money, So they spend it quickly; Most people don’t think they have enough money. 2(Getting to Know Your Classmates The following words might be useful for students. 1) parents work part-time 2) tuition fee food using computers remedial class carrying out experiments drawing paper daily necessities tapes CDs disks books 3) care important earn by oneself save 3(If You Were a Millionaire… The following words might be useful for students. Go traveling all around the world build an orphanage help the poor and the homeless establish a school set up a fund transportation telephone clothing buy a large house with a garden donate the money to the Hope Project 4(Cutting Down Expenses 1)If he doesn’t pay his telephone bill, he will not be able to use his phone because the line will be disconnected. If he doesn’t pay his gas bill, he will not be able to use the stove because the gas company will cut off the gas supply. If he doesn’t pay the cable company, he will not be able to watch cable TV. If he doesn’t pay his bank loan installment, the bank might repossess his car. 2)Perhaps the rent is the first payment he should pay, otherwise he might be homeless. 3)He could save half of the rent(i.e. ,150 )if he shared an apartment with another person. By making fewer calls he could save some money(i.e. ,10 )on the phone bill. Generally speaking, ,200should be enough for food, so he can save ,200on food expenditures. Since he has to make both ends meet, he shouldn’t spend so much money on transportation, he can cut it down to , 100,saving ,20.In this way, he can save ,380 in total. Here are some cultural notes for your reference.. Let`s take the U.S. for example. Rent: The rent for an apartment varies a lot depending on the locations, whether it has easy access to transportation, and whether it is in a good environment. For an apartment with one bedroom, one kitchen and one bathroom, the rent is about , 400.In order to save money, one usually shares a bigger apartment with someone else. This also has the advantage of helping each other and avoiding loneliness. Telephone: One has to use the lines of a major communications network to make long-distance calls. The major telephone and telecommunications companies are: AT&T, MCI, Sprint, etc. There are discounts at night and during holidays. A one minute call from the U.S.to P.R. of China costs between $0.69 and $0.99. nsurance: It is a very important expense in the U.S. It includes medical insurance, I house insurance, car insurance and so on. ax is also an important state revenue. There are income tax, sales tax, property tax and municipal taxes and so on. Food: Food in America is not expensive. One pound of beef is $1.69,and one pound of cabbage is$0.29.A dozen eggs vary from $0.29 to $0.99 according to the season. Of course some sea foods or luxury foods are more expensive. But on the whole food expenditure is not a major part, which is not the case in China.. Money is mainly spent on cars, houses, insurance, taxes, and education. Books and CDs: They are more expensive than we Chinese expect. A student has to spend as much as $200 to $300 on books for a new semester. One CD usually costs more than $10.Of course the price varies according to the quality and the type of the music. 3. Listening to tapes Period 3&4 Reading I、Teaching focus Practice students’ reading skills and help them learn new words and phrases II、Teaching steps 1. Pre-reading 2. Words, phrases and grammatical points 1) have …to do with(l.3) 词组有:have much/something/little/nothing to do with…与…很有关，与…有一 些关系，与…没什么关系，与…没有关系 thought I should tell you I saw your son smoking today. e.g. —I —Mind your own business, would you? It has nothing to do with you what my son does. —What does Sheila do? —Oh, she has something to do with civil engineering. 2) affect(l.4)一般做动词用，意为:影响 e.g. The divorce affected every aspect of her life. The disease only affects castles. 易混淆的词:effect此次作名词时意为:作用，有效。 e.g. When do the new driving laws come into effect? 3) spend(l.6)可 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“花钱”或“花时间”。 ?表示“花钱”时，用人做主语。 e.g. I just spent a lot of money on four new tires for my car. We spent a fortune when we were in New York. 当”cost”表示“花钱”时，用物或“it”做主语。 e.g. “How much does this book cost?” “It cost $25.” ?表示“花时间”时: e.g. The injured boy’s parents spent all time at his bedside. 4) afford(l.6)后可接名词或动词不定式。 e.g. I can’t afford to go out tonight. 5) instead of (l.7) e.g. We should do something instead of just talking about it. 与instead 的区别: “instead of”是介词，后跟名词或动名词，“instead”是副词。 e.g. We didn’t have enough money for a movie, so we went to the park instead. 6) confirm(l.15) e.g. Research has confirmed that the risk is higher for women. 7) free from(l.22) “|Free from/of something” means “without something which you don’t want to have”. e.g. Is the Princess ever free from the journalists following her around wherever she goes 8)rather than(l.29)意为“而不是”。 e.g. I’ll buy some apples rather than pears. 9) lest(l.44) “lest”引导的从句中一般用should 加动词原形，should可省略。 e.g. They built a statue for him lest people forget what he dad done. 3. Exercises Period 5&6 Post-reading and Exercise I、Teaching focus Test students’ reading skills the their command of new words and phrases. II、Teaching steps 1. Fast reading for exercises 2. Questions for discussions Period 7&8 Further Development and Writing I. Teaching Content Further enhance students’ communicative abilities and writing abilities II. Teaching Steps: 1. Ten wishes 2. Group Discussion 3. Is Money the Root of all Evil? 4. Managing Your Money 1) Decide which categories their actions correspond to; The actions in the first box are related to luxury spending, because they bought a venteenth-century mansion which costs a fortune, and a Rolls Royce which is a very se expensive car. The actions in the second box are related to immediate personal needs, because she bought a bungalow. Since she set up her own investment for her family, her action also belongs to investment and helping the family. The actions in the third box are related to helping the needy because he gave all the remaining money to church repairs and so on. He only bought him a small, inexpensive car. The actions in the fourth box are related to helping friends and others. They left the council house to the more needy. 2)Decide which of these people you think made the best use of their money. I think the people in the third box the best use of his money, because he gave all the remaining money to the church, an orphan’s home and hospitals. This means he is an unselfish person, and does good deeds for people. Very few people are able to do this. Extra Activity: Can money make the mare go? Directions: Work in group to debate on the common belief that people who are richer are happier. 5. Writing: 1) Money in Students’ Life 2) Money and Happiness