初中定语从句复习课教案

初中英语语法定语从句复习课教案教学目标：1.学生能掌握关系代词和关系副词的正确使用。2.学生能正确理解整个句子的意思教学重难点：定语从句中引导词（who,whom,whose，that,which，when，where,why）的正确使用教学过程：例子导入：Thegirlismysister.Thegirlisstandingunderthetree.Thegirl（whoisstandingunderthetree）ismysister.先行词定语从句一.定义：在复合句中，用来修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词、代词叫先行词。定语从句放在先行词之后。IlikethemusicthatIcandanceto.先行词（物）↘引导词（that指代themusic）Sheisagirl(whohaslonghair.)先行词（人）↘引导词（who指代agirl）二.引导词：关系代词：who,whom,whose，that,which（表人、表物，作主语，宾语）关系副词：when，where,why,（表时间、地点、原因，作状语）（1）先行词表人时可用who，that或whom分点练习：①Heisaboy（______isconfident.）(Theboyisconfident.)主语②Heistheteacherfor_____youarewaiting.(介词提前)③Heistheteacher(______youarewaitingfor.)(Youarewaitingfortheteacher)宾语归纳总结：当先行词是人：①引导词在句中作主语，引导词用who，that②介词提前在句中作宾语，引导词只能用whom③引导词在从句中作宾语，引导词用who/whom小试牛刀：1.Isthisthemanwith______youwenttothezooyesterday?A.whoB.whomC.which2.Heisaman(_______wecanlearn).A.whomB.fromwhichC.fromwhom注意：动词带有介词构成词组时要把介词选上。如：learnfrom 中考 中考数学全套课件中考心理辅导讲座中考语文病句辨析修改中考语文古诗文必背中考单选题精选 链接【2013广东湛江】25.—Look!ThatisthewomanImetyesterday.—Oh?She’smyaunt.A.whatB.whoC.whereD.when【2013广东】45.Theyounglady______isinterviewingLinZhixuanabouttheprogramIamasingerisfrom21stCenturyTalentNet.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose（2）whose的使用Iknowtheboy_______bikeisred.名词Helovestheroom_______windowistowardstheeast.A.whichB.whoseC.that引导词后面有名词（表所属）时，引导词用whose先行词表物时，用that或whichthat与which的区别：that和which都可表物，一般可互换，但下列情况只用that1.I’msureshehassomething______youcanborrow.A.thatB.which⑴先行词为：everything,nothing,something,anything,等不定代词时引导词用that2.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.⑵先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时3.Thisisthefirstbookthathewasread.⑶先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时4.Thisistheonlybookthatbelongstohim.⑷先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thebest,thelast等修饰时5.TherearesomebooksandamanthatIhaveseen.⑸先行词既有人也有物There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的⑹在therebe句型中7Whoisthegirl______spoketoyoujustnow?Whichisthecar______wasmadeinChina?A.thatB.whoC.which[7].当主句以who或which开头时，为避免重复引导词用that巩固练习：Whoistheman______Isawyesterday.注意：that引导定语从句，充当定语从句的宾语时，可以省略。小试牛刀：Ilikethemusic_______hewrites.A./B.whoC.whyDwhen只用which的情况：1.Thisisthehousein______helives.A.thatB.whichC.who1.先行词是物，且介词提前用whichTheschool(______myfatherworks)looksverybeautiful.(myfatherworksintheschool)A.whichB.inthatC.inwhich对比：Isthisthemanwith______youwenttothezooyesterday?A.whoB.whomC.which先行词是人，且介词提前用_______.先行词（物）与引导词之间有逗号隔开（非限制性定语从句），用which2.Helivesinahouse,_______hasmanytreesaroundit.A.thatB.whichC.who先行词为that, those时,用whichWhat’s that which is under the desk? 在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? 中考链接【2011广东】44.Thefirstthing_____mybrotherisgoingtodothisafternoonistowritealetter.A.whichB.thatC.whyD.who【2011•广州】Thestory______Ireadthenewspaperwasaboutacommonproblemamongteenagers.whoseB.whoC.thatD.where【2013安徽】49.Istillrememberthecollegeandtheteachers_____________IvisitedinLondonyearsago.A.whatB.whoC.thatD.which（4）关系副词when,where,why的用法：先行词是一个表示时间的词如：time,hour,day,month,year时，其所对应的关系词如在定语从句中作时间状语(不充当从句的主语或宾语)，则用关系副词when。1.(先行词是时间时，关系副词用when)1.Istillremembertheday___IfirstmetMary.A.thatB.whichC.when2.先行词表示地点时，引导词用where,在句中作状语。2.Thisisthefactory________myfatherworks.拓展：当point,situation，conditions等词作先行词表抽象的地点,其后常由where引导1.Canyouthinkoutasituation________thiswordcanbeused?2.Herillnesshasdevelopedtothepoint________nobodycancureher.3.先行词是thereason时，关系副词用why,也可省略。　3.Thatisthereason(why)Ididit.Doyouknowthereason(why)shehaschangedhermind?（5）注意：在定语从句中作时间、地点和原因状语时，关系副词when,where和why可以与“介词+which”互换。Thedaywhen(=onwhich)shearrivedwasThursday.她到的那天是星期四。　JulyandAugustarethemonthswhen(=inwhich)theweatherishot.七八月是天气很热的月份Thisisthehotelwhere(=inwhich /atwhich)theywerestaying.这就是他们当时住的旅店Doyouremembertheplacewhere(=atwhich)wehadlunch?你记得我们吃午饭的地方吗?Thereasonwhy(=forwhich)Icameherewastobewithmyfamily.我到这里来的原因是要跟我的家里人在一起小试牛刀：Thisisthefactoryin________myfatherworks.解析：这里填which，inwhich=where拓展：判断找引导词是关系代词或关系副词，找出定语从句的主谓宾，先使其变为简单的肯定句看缺什么成分。Thisisthecity(which/that)youvisitedlastyear.（youvisitedthecitylastyear）.先行词直接充当visited的宾语，缺的是宾语，所以用which或that如果定语从句和该先行词无法直接相连，必须另外多加上介词，并在定语从句中充当状语时，则使用关系副词。如：Thisisthecitywhereyoustayedlastyear.（youstayedinthecitylastyear.）先行词也是thecity，将其放入定语从句中不能直接作成分，必须加上介词in，一起做从句的地点状语，相当于in+which所以此处用where.（即取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词;而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。）小试牛刀：1.Isthismuseum___youvisitedafewdaysage?2.Isthisthemuseum____theexhibitionwasheld.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.theone解析：例1变为肯定句：Thismuseumis___youvisitedafewdaysago.所缺部分为主句的表语，从句的宾语，而where,onwhich都不能起到宾语的作用，而that只作从句宾语，还缺主句的表语,只有theone既做了主句的表语，又可做从句的宾语，可以省略关系代词that，所以应选D。例2变为肯定句：Thisisthemuseum___theexhibitionwasheld.主、谓、宾俱全，从句部分为句子的状语表地点，既可用副词where，又因inthemuseum词组，可用介词in+which引导地点状语。而此题中，介词on用的不对，所以选A。巩固练习：2I'llneverforgetthedays______Ispentinthecountryside.A.whereB.thatC.onwhichD.when中考链接：【2012广东】42.Therewillbeaflowershowintheparkwevisitedlastweek.A.whoB.whenC.whatD.Which补充：定语从句中谓语的形式①Therearethetwinswho______inthenextdoor.A.liveB.livesC.lived②Aclockisamachinethat______peoplethetime.A.tellB.istellingC.tells先行词总结：㈠从句谓语动词的单复数与_先行词_的单复数一致，（当引导词充当定语从句的主语时）巩固练习：1.Thesilk_______ismadeinHangzhousellswell.A.thatB.whoC.whatD./2.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.thatB.whoC.fromwhomD.towhom3.Doyoulivenearthebuilding______colorisyellow?A.thatB.whichC.whoseD.its4.Hehelpedhisfatheronthefarm______theylived.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where5.I’moneoftheboys_____neverlateforschool.A.thatisB.whoisC.whoareD.whoam6.All_____shouldbedonehasbeendone.A.whatB.whichC.thatD.whatever7.Jacktoldmeeverything_______heknewaboutit.A.whatB.thatC.whichD.who8.Myfatherworksinthefactory______thistypeoftruckismade.A.inwhereB.inwhichC.fromwhichD.ofwhich9.Theschool_______wevisitedlastweekwasbuiltin1956.A./B.whereC.thatD.bothAandC10.Thisisoneofthebestfilms_______Ihaveeverseen.A.whichB.thatC.ofwhichD.ofthat11.InfacttheSwededidnotunderstandthethreequestions_______wereaskedinFrench.A.whereB.whoC.inwhichD.which12.Hepaidtheboy$10forwashingtenwindows,mostof______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.theseB.thoseC.thatD.which13.Hisparentswouldn’tlethimmarryanyone________familywaspoor.A.ofwhomB.whomC.ofwhoseD.whose14.All_______isneededisasupplyofoil.A.thethingB.thatC.whatD.which15.Sheheardaterriblenoise,______broughtherheartintohermouth.A.itB.whichC.thisD.thatII用适当的关系词填空：1)I’llneverforgetthedayon________theymetfortheveryfirsttimelastsummer.2)Thisistheplace_________hesooftenmentionedtome.3)Theonlything________interestedhimwasthathecoulddoanything_________hewantedto.4)Whichisthebike__________ismadeinShanghai?5)Heisold,________factisimportantinthiscase.6)Those_______wanttobuythehousemaysigntheirnamesfirst.1/10