必修三Unit5同位语从句

PAGEPAGE5必修三Unit5Nounclausesastheappositive同位语：对句子中某一成分作进一步解释、 说明 关于失联党员情况说明岗位说明总经理岗位说明书会计岗位说明书行政主管岗位说明书 ，与前面名词在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做。（名词、代词、数词和从句）Areyouthreereadytostartout?Theyeachcangetachancetotravelbyair.Wehavetwoforeignteachers,aCanadianandaAmerican.Thenewsthatwe’rehavingaholidaytomorrowistrue.同位语从句：跟在名词后，进一步说明该名词的具体内容，作同位语的从句。它通常跟在某些名词之后，如：advice,decision,fact,hope,idea,information,message,news,promise,proposal,reply,report,suggestion,word（消息），problem，question,doubt,thought等。Theyweredelightedatthenewsthattheirteamhadwon.WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome？有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在被说明的名词后面，而被别的词隔开。ThethoughtcametohimthatTommighthavereturnedthebook.同为从句的连接词：①that引导同位语从句时无词义，也不充当任何成分，但通常不可以省略。Hehasn’tmadethedecisionwhetherhewillgothere.ThenewsthatMr.LiwillbeournewEnglishteacheristrue.②whether引导同位语从句时意为“是否”，通常不能用if来代替。Thequestionwhoshoulddotheworkisbeingdiscussedatthemeeting.Ihavenoideawhattheboyisdoinginthenextroomnow.③连接代词who,what等可以引导同位语从句。IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.Ihavenoideawhenhewillbeback．④连接副词where,how,when等可以引导同位语从句注意： 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示 建议 关于小区增设电动车充电建议给教师的建议PDF智慧城市建议书pdf给教师的36条建议下载税则修订调整建议表下载 、命令、要求等的名词（如suggestion,proposal,advice,order,request等）后跟同位语从句时，从句使用虚拟语气，通常用should+动词原形，should可以省略。It’smyrequestthatthework(should)befinishedbefore4o’clouk.同位语从句和定语从句的区别：①意义不同：同位语从句用来对前面的名词起补充解释作用，二者同位关系；而定语从句是用来说明先行词的性质或特征，起修饰和限定的作用。1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.2.Thenewsthatyoutoldusisreallyencouraging.②that的功能不同：that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，不充当任何成分；而引导定语从句时，不仅起连接作用，而且还指代先行词并在从句中充当主语、宾语等成分。1.DadmadeapromisethathewouldbuymeaCDplayerifIpassedtheEnglishtest.2.Dadmadeapromisethatexcitedallhischildren.=3\*GB3③that引导同位语从句时是一个纯连词，故不能用which替换；而that引导定语从句时是代词，常可以和另一关系代词which替换。1.ThefactthatheisfromCanadaisnewtome.2.ThefactthatsurprisedmeisthatheisnotChinese.=4\*GB3④引导同位语从句的关联词，除that外，还可以根据句义使用任何其它疑问代词或副词；而定语从句不可用what,how,whether等引导。1.IhadnoideaatallwhatIshoulddonext.2.Thereisnoproofwhetherhewaskilledbyothers.=5\*GB3⑤当when,why,where和how等引导的同位从句时，它们为连接副词，虽然在句子中充当成分，但前面没有与其意义相同的先行词；而在定语从句中它们有关系副词，在其前面分别有表示时间，原因，地点和方式意义的名词作先行词。1.Thenarosethequestionwhereweweretogetsomanychairsneeded.2.That’sthereasonwhyhedidn’tcometothemeeting.一.同位语从句注意点同位语从句定语从句引导词that只起连接的作用不充当句子成分引导词that除了引导句子外还充当一定的句子成分同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系表示这个名词的内容定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，表示“…的”。同位语从句的that一般不能省而定语从句中的关系代词that，当其在从句中做宾语时，常省略I.说出下列从句的功能：A:Appositive（同位语）;B:Attributive（定语）1.Hisproposalthatwegothereonfootisacceptable.2.Manyteachersholdtheviewthatteenagersshouldnotspendtoomuchtimeonline.3.Thefirstrequestthathemadewastoaskforfreedom.4.Doyouhaveanyideawherewewillbesent?5.Isthisthecompanywhereyourfatherworks?6.Thisisthereasonthathegaveforhisabsence.7.Hemadeanexcusethathiscarbrokedownontheway.=2\*ROMANII习题巩固：1.Thenews____anotherpowerstationwillbebuiltcheeredallthevillagers.AwhichBthatCwhatDwhatever2Thenews____hetoldusisexciting.Whichofthefollowingiswrong?AwhatB\CwhichDthat3.Theyexpressedthehope___theywouldcomeovertoChina.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.when4.Thefact___hedidn’tseeTomyesterdayistrue.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.what5.Ihavenoidea____hewillcomeback.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.that6.Thenews_____surprisedeverybodyyesterdaynowprovestobefalse.A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how7.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.whatthatB.thatwhichC.thatwhatD.whichthat8.Wordhascome_____someAmericanguestswillcomeforavisittoourcollegenextweek.A.whatB.whetherC.thatD.whichwhat与that在引导主语从句时的区别what引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语、宾语、表语，而that则不然。What引导的主语从句一般不可改为含形式主语的句子。1)Whatyousaidyesterdayisright.Itisrightwhatyousaidyesterday.（）2)Thatsheisstillaliveiscertain.Itiscertainthatsheisstillalive.（）习题巩固：1.Iwonderifthisis______youarelookingfor.2.Ourschoolisquitedifferentfrom_______itwasbefore.3.Fathermadeapromise______ifIpassedtheexaminationhewouldbuymeacomputer.4._______Ican’tunderstandiswhyhehaschangedhismind.5.___________theearthisroundisknowntousall.注意：连词THAT在从句中不作成分，不含有疑问意义，而WHAT在从句中作成分，常含有疑问意义。练习：I．请用适当的词填空，使下列句子意思完整。1.Theyexpressedthehope_______theywouldcomeovertoChinasoon.2.Thefact_______hedidn’tseeTomthismorningistrue.3.Wordhascome_______someAmericanguestswillcometoourcollegeforavisitnextweek.4.Hecan’tanswerthequestion_______hegotthemoneyfromhishomeyesterday.5.Doyouhaveanyidea_______isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?6.Theproblem_______weshouldhavethemeetinginthehallnowmustbedecidedatonce.II.下列各句中均有一处错误，请改正。1.Ourteamhaswonthegame,thatmadeusveryhappy.2.I’vecomewithamessagefromMr.Wanghowhewon’tbeabletoseeyouthisafternoon.3.Hemustanswerthequestionifheagreeswithwhatshesaidornot.4.I’vereadthebookwhereyougavemethedaybeforeyesterday.5.Oneofthemenheldthepinionwhenwhatthebooksaidwasright.III．高考单选1．Awarmthoughtsuddenlycametome_____Imightusethepocketmoneytobuysomeflowersformymother’sbirthday．A.ifB.whenC.thatD.which2．—It’sthirtyyearssincewelastmet.—ButIstillrememberthestory,believeitornot,_____wegotlostonarainynight.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.when3．Doyouhaveanyidea_____isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.which5.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.　A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which6Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.　A.thatB.whatC.whichD.why7Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when8Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.　A.whichB.thatC./D.it9Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.　A.whenB.thatC.whatD./10I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.　A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.which11Hethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.　A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that12Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.　A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.what13Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.　A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.which14Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.　A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when15Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether16Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat____Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.A.asB.whichC.whatD.that17Luckily,we’dbroughtaroadmapwithout____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which18.Does____mattermuch____hecan’tcometothemeeting.A.it,if    B.that,if    C.it,whether    D.this,whether19--Whatareyouanxiousabout?--____A.Howcanwesucceed  B.Whetherwecansucceed  C.Whencanwesucceed  D.Thatwecansucceed20Thereason____thelittleactresshasbeensuchasuccessis____sheisbothcleverandhard-working.A.why,why   B.why,that   C.that,because   D.for,because21__leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.A.Who    B.Whoever     C.Anyone       D.Theperson22Ireallydon’tknow_____Ihadthisphototaken.A.whereitwasthat   B.itwasthat   C.whereitwas  D.itwaswhy24--WhatdoyouthinkofChina?--____differentlifeistodayfrom____itusedtobe.A.How,what   B.What,what   C.How,that     D.What,that25Givethisto____youthinkcandotheworkwell.A.who    B.whom       C.whoever  D.whomever26.____troublesmeis____Ican’tlearnalltheseEnglishidiomsbyheart.A.That,that  B.What,what  C.That,what  D.What,that27.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which1.Youaresayingthateveryoneshouldbeequal,andthisis_____Idisagree.[2004全国卷I]A.whyB.whereC.whatD.how2.Theroadiscoveredwithsnow.Ican’tunderstand_____theyinsistongoingbymotorbike.[2004全国卷IV]A.whyB.whetherC.whenD.how3.Amoderncityhasbeensetupin_____wasawastelandtenyearsago.[天津2004]A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where4.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,_____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.[上海2004]A.whereB.whatC.thatD.how5.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise_____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.[上海2004春]A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whether6.Astorygoes_____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.[上海2004]A.whenB.whereC.whatD.that7.IthinkFatherwouldliketoknow_____I’vebeenuptosofar,soIdecidetosendhimaquicknote.[湖南2004]A.whichB.whyC.whatD.how8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“______ourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”[北京2004]A.ThisisB.ThereisC.ThatisD.Itis9.Wecannotfigureout______quiteanumberofinsects,birds,andanimalsaredyingout.A.thatB.asC.whyD.when10.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn’tmatter_____I’mtalkingto.[广东2004]A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhomKey:1中that引导同位语从句，说明“news”的内容：我们队取得了决赛胜利。2中that引导定语从句，对“news”加以限定：是你告诉我们的，而非来自其他渠道。1中that引导同位语从句，其中that无词义，也不充当任何成分；2中that引导定语从句，that指代promise，又在从句中充当主语，且that可以用which替换。1．（that不可换为which）2．（第一个that可换为which，第二个不行，因为它引导的是表语从句。）BABABACCWhatwhatTHATwhatTHATI.1.that2.that3.that4.how5.what6.whetherII.1that→which2.how→that3.if→whether4.where→that/which或省略where5.when→that6.that→how（注意：斜体部分为最佳选项。下同）[点拨]that引导的同位语从句解释说明thought的内容。[点拨]that引导的同位语从句解释说明story的内容。believeitornot为插入语。[点拨]考查what引导的同位语从句，what在从句中作主语。Keys:1-5AABBA6-10BDCAA 答案 八年级地理上册填图题岩土工程勘察试题省略号的作用及举例应急救援安全知识车间5s试题及答案 :1.B2.B3.DB.1—5ABBB 6—10AACD 11.A1.B。考查表语从句。disagree是不及物动词，从句中不缺宾语，故首先可排除C；由句意“这就是我不同意的地方。”可知应选B。2.A。考查宾语从句。由句意“路上都是雪，我不明白他们为什么还坚持要骑摩托车去。”可知应选A。3.A。考查宾语从句。宾语从句在句中作介词in的宾语，从句中缺少主语。而在名词性从句中what可作主语、宾语、表语等；which多作定语；that一般不充当成分；where作状语或表语，故选A。4.B。考查主语从句。从句中动词do缺少宾语，故选what，what引导的从句在句中作主语。5.B。考查同位语从句。that引导的从句是promise的同位语，说明其内容。6.D。考查同位语从句。空格后的句子成分完整，说明的是astory的内容，故用that来引导，作astory的同位语。因同位语从句较长，放在了谓语之后，避免句子显得头重脚轻。7.C。考查宾语从句。beuptosth.意为“干某事”，故应用what来引导宾语从句，且what在从句中作介词to的宾语。8.D。此句为it放在句首作形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的从句。9.C。考查宾语从句。figureout为及物动词短语，故其后跟的是宾语从句；由从句意思可知引导词在句中作原因状语，故选why。10.B。此句中it放在句首作形式主语，真正的主语是who引导的从句。名词性从句要用陈述语序，故选B。