“未曾实现的愿望、打算”
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达法种种（一）_高中英语
英语中有多种结构可以用来表示“未曾实现的愿望、意图或打算”，现归纳如下：1。“动词的过去完成时形式 +动词不定式的一般式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”时，只适用于 hope，expect，think，mean，intend，suppose，want，plan等动词作谓语时。例如：I had hoped to come to help you。 Something happened to me。 That’s why I didn’t come。∥冶鞠Ｍ芾窗镏悖页隽说闶拢悦挥欣础！I had meant to go away but couldn’t get rid of the children。∥冶鞠胱呖俏野谕巡涣苏馊汉⒆印！2。“动词的过去式 +动词不定式的完成式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”，这种用法也只适用于上面列举的动词作谓语时。例如：I wanted to have seen you off at the airport but I got there too late。∥冶纠聪氲交∷湍悖俏业侥抢锾倭恕！Tom hoped to have come， but he was too busy at that time。√滥繁鞠肜吹模笔彼α耍椴怀鍪奔洹！3。“动词的过去式 +宾语 +动词不定式的完成式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”，这一用法常用于 expect，want，mean，intend等动词作谓语时。例如：My father expected me to have studied medicine，but I joined the army。∥腋盖妆纠粗竿已б降模俏胰床尉恕！We meant them to have acted like that。∥颐窃蛩闳盟钦庋傻摹！4。用“ think，expect，suppose，hope，believe等动词的过去完成时形式 +宾语从句”表示“过去未曾实现的意图、打算或希望等”。例如：I had though that he died 20 years ago。∥以晕?20年前就去世了。hey had hoped that they would be able to see more of Beijing， but time didn’t permit。∷潜纠聪Ｍ诒本┒嗫葱┑胤剑奔洳辉市怼！5。“ was/were+动词不定式的完成式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。“ was / were +动词不定式的一般式”与上下文中的动词过去式搭配，也能表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。例如：Alice was to have given the first talk， but she came late。“鏊贡纠匆谝桓龇⒀裕赐砹恕！The plane was to take off / to have taken off at six， but something went wrong。》苫纠戳闫鸱桑浅隽斯收稀！注意：“ was / were+动词不定式的完成式”结构有时含有“本应该”的意味，相当于“ was / were supposed to”。例如：They were to have come here at eight， but they were late。∷潜居Ω冒说阒拥秸舛模浅俚搅恕！6。用“ was / were going +动词不定式”结构与上下文中的动词过去式搭配，可以表示“过去未实现的意图或打算”。例如：“ Tom， why didn’t you come to the meeting yesterday？”“ I was going to， but my car broke down。”“汤姆，你为什么昨天没来参加会？”“我是打算来参加会的，但我的车抛锚了。”I was going to call you last night， but the heavy rain prevented me。∽蛲砦冶纠匆グ莘媚愕模怀〈笥晔刮椅茨艹尚小！7。用“ was / were + about +动词不定式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的意图”。例如：I was about to go out， but it began to rain。∥冶纠匆鋈サ模炜枷缕鹩昀础！Mike was about to begin， but John spoke first。÷蹩苏挤⒀裕己蚕冉擦恕！8。用动词的过去进行时表示“未曾实现的安排”。例如：I was telephoning him， but he came。∥冶纠创蛩愀虻缁暗模戳恕！We were interviewing the headmaster the next afternoon， but he went to Wuhan on business。∥颐潜敬蛩阍诘诙煜挛绮煞媚俏恍３さ模ノ浜撼霾盍恕！9。“ wish +动词不定式的完成式”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。例如：“ Have you watched the TV play？”“ No， but I wished to have（ watched it）。”“你看过这部电视剧吗？”“没有，我本来想看的。”I wished to have visited the Great Wall last Sunday but my mother fell ill； I had to look after her。∩闲瞧谔煳冶鞠肴ゲ喂鄢こ堑模夷盖撞〉沽耍也坏貌徽樟纤！10。“ wish +（that） +主语 +动词的过去完成时”结构表示“过去未曾实现的愿望”。例如：I wish I had taken your advice。我当初听了你的话就好了。e wish we had arrived there two hours earlier。∥颐且窃缌礁鲂∈钡酱锬抢锞秃昧恕1][2]
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