cscp 题库CSCPModule2（4）

326. The correct answer is C. The average demand for the three months from January through March is 20 (21 + 17 + 22 = 60; 60 / 3 = 20), so the forecast for April is 20, which is two less than the actual demand. Referring to the table below, calculate a forecast for April using the three-month moving average method. Based on your calculation, which of the following statements correctly relates the forecast to the actual April demand of 22? A. Demand and forecast are the same. B. Demand exceeds forecast by 1. C. Demand exceeds forecast by 2. D. Demand exceeds forecast by 3. 327. The correct answer is B. Transferring responsibility for logistics to a 4PL involves loss of control, so a manager may want to compensate with frequent reviews (at least at first). The upside of giving control of logistics to a specialist should be an increase in flexibility, greater economies of scale, and more advanced logistics technology. When engaging the services of a fourth-party logistics provider, a logistics manager should be careful to minimize the effects of which of the following potential risks? A. Reduction in flexible deployment of resources B. Reduction in control C. Less rapid adjustment to new customer technologies D. Reduced economies of scale 328. The correct answer is C. Consolidation is the process of breaking down incoming shipments from a variety of sources to mix the various products together in combinations specified by a number of recipients. (The process is also called mixing.) The mix of products may include items from storage as well as those just received. Which one of the following warehouse operations resembles break-bulk, except that it combines products from more than one manufacturer and may also involve product storage? A. Stockpiling B. Cross-docking C. Consolidation D. Assembly 329. The correct answer is D. The ABC system of classifying inventory asserts that the A items in your inventory will constitute only about 15 percent of the total number of items but will create 70 to 80 percent of value. This is an approximate application of the Pareto principle, or 80-20 rule, which holds that about 20 percent of possible causes account for about 80 percent of outcomes. According to the ABC system of classifying inventory, an application of the Pareto principle, the greatest share of revenue will be generated by which of the following numbers of inventory items (approximately)? A. 80 percent B. 55 percent C. 30 percent D. 15 percent 330. The correct answer is C. The forecast accuracy is likely to be greatest for all DaimlerChrysler models (and then for all Dodges, all Dodge Stratuses, and all Dodge Stratus SEs, in descending order of accuracy). The larger the aggregate, the more accurate the forecast. Demand forecasts are likely to be most accurate for which of the following items? A. All Dodge Stratus SE models B. All Dodge Stratus models C. All DaimlerChrysler cars D. All Dodge Models 331. The correct answer is A. Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR®) is a formal description of best practices developed and maintained by VICS to help supply chain partners develop successful collaborations. Which of the following is a type of supply chain collaboration formalized by the Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards Association (VICS)? A. Collective planning, forecasting, and replenishment B. Vendor-managed inventory C. Continuous replenishment D. Quick response 332. The correct answer is D. The area of CPFR that corresponds to the order-to-cash cycle is execution, which includes the collaboration tasks of order generation and order fulfillment. Order fulfillment includes the enterprise task of logistics/distribution. In the CPFR model, which of the following corresponds to the order-to-cash cycle? A. Order fulfillment B. Demand and supply management C. Logistics/distribution D. Execution 333. The correct answer is A. Removing an echelon from the network should reduce all the costs specified in the options except for transportation costs. Removing one level of warehousing, for example, will most likely increase the number of miles goods are carried from the points upstream from the echelon to the points downstream. When a logistics manager removes a complete echelon from the distribution chain to reduce overall expenses, there may be a tradeoff for expenses in which of the following areas? A. Increased transportation costs for extra miles of carriage B. Increased inventory holding costs C. Increased taxes on property and equipment D. Increased inventory handling costs 334. The correct answer is A. An ETC (export trading company) buys goods domestically to sell into foreign markets. Such firms are especially significant in Japan, where they may own steamship lines, warehouses, insurance services, and so forth. Which one of the following firms, known in Japan as sogo shosha, may be a large conglomerate that actually buys goods in one country for sale in a foreign market? A. Export trading company (ETC) B. Foreign carrier C. Consolidator D. Ship broker 335. The correct answer is B. The route file identifies the work center where a particular process will take place. Which one of the following would appear in the route file? A. Assembly instructions for a finished product B. Work center ID C. List of component items for one end item D. Mechanical drawings of a finished product 336. The correct answer is A. VMI (vendor-managed inventory) is a form of collaboration in which a supplier performs some or all of the inventory operations traditionally handled by a retailer, including display design, replenishment, inventory counting, record keeping, and so on. (VMI can overlap with other systems.) Which of the following identifies a type of collaboration in which a manufacturer of razor blades determines how its product is displayed on a retailer's shelves and performs cycle counting at the store? A. Vendor-managed inventory (VMI) B. Quick response (QR) C. Continuous replenishment (CR) D. Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment 337. The correct answer is B. Available-to-promise equals the inventory on hand plus scheduled production reduced by orders already on the books. The ATP continues to decline as orders come in during the period. The master schedule shows inventory on hand of 150 items, scheduled production of 500 items, and booked orders of 400 items. Which of the following is the correct number of available-to-promise items? A. 150 B. 250 C. 500 D. 650 338. The correct answer is D. Concurrent engineering (CE) is known by several other names, such as design for manufacture and participative design. Early instances in the 1980s focused on the importance of including manufacturing engineers in the design process to spot any design decisions that would make production more difficult and expensive. More stakeholders from suppliers, customers, and other functional areas may also participate. Which of the following might participate on a team with design engineers in the process known as concurrent engineering? A. Manufacturing engineers B. Market researchers C. Customer representatives D. Any or all of the above 339. The correct answer is B. Sales and operations planning (S&OP) is a monthly process. How often, under normal circumstances, does a pre-S&OP meeting take place? A. Weekly B. Monthly C. Quarterly D. Annually 340. The correct answer is D. The business cycle correlates with alternating medium-term advances and declines in consumer buying patterns. Cycles are not short-term fluctuations related to holidays or random events, nor are they steady trends in only one direction, such as might be caused by factors such as a product cycle or demographics. Which of the following might cause cyclical movements in a time series of demand data? A. Steady decline in buying related to the product cycle B. Holiday shopping C. Random changes in consumer sentiment D. Recession 341. The correct answer is A. The sales and operations plan takes the business plan as its point of reference for developing a plan that balances supply and demand by merging input from sales and marketing on the one hand and operations on the other. Which of the following provides a point of reference for formulating the sales and operations plan? A. Business plan B. Marketing plan C. Production forecast D. Financial plan 342. The correct answer is A. While protecting all items is obviously important, the most cost-effective approach may be to spend relatively more resources on A items than on the less valuable, but larger, percentage of inventory. Which of the following statements best describes the relative care a warehouse manager should take in securing A, B, and C inventory items? A. Provide best protection for A items. B. Provide best protection for B items. C. Provide best protection for C items. D. Provide the same level of protection to all items 343. The correct answer is D. Bridge cranes can lift very heavy objects and they operate from overhead, so they leave the floor free for other activities. Which one of the following is most appropriate for lifting very heavy items while causing minimal disruption of floor activities in the area? A. Stacker crane B. Forklift truck C. AGVS D. Bridge crane 344. The correct answer is D. The conveyer belt has no operator, so it not only minimizes operator costs, it eliminates them. Automated towlines are not likely to appeal to the cost-conscious manager. Which one of the following would you select to move pallets through warehouse aisles while minimizing costs? A. Tow tractors with trailers B. Automated towlines C. Forklift truck D. Conveyer belt 345. The correct answer is C. The sales and marketing area is responsible and accountable for forecasting. Someone has to be responsible for the forecast for assessment purposes, but this does not mean that other areas cannot contribute to the forecast or that the forecast cannot be shared with other functional areas and supply chain partners. Information sharing is key to supply chain management. Which one of the following functional areas is responsible for demand forecasting? A. IT B. Purchasing C. Sales and marketing D. Executive team 346. The correct answer is B. Naive forecasting assumes that demand in the next period will equal demand in the last period. It is a form of quantitative forecasting but lacks any analysis. Which of the following forms the basis for a naive demand forecast? A. Market analysis B. Data from the last demand period C. Analogy D. Intuition 347. The correct answer is B. The Delphi method uses information from a panel of experts who respond anonymously to questionnaires. After several rounds of responses and critiques, a moderator produces a report expressing the collective opinion of the group. Which of the following forecast techniques relies upon an expert panel that responds to questionnaires and never meets face to face? A. Sales force consensus forecasting B. Delphi method C. Pyramid forecasting D. Historical analogy 348. The correct answer is C. Under NAFTA, U.S. firms that subcontract work to maqualidoras in Mexico pay only a tax based on the value added in Mexico, which is primarily attributable to low-wage labor. Which of the following statements identifies the financial consequences to a U.S. firm under NAFTA when it transfers assembled materials from a maquiladora subcontractor back into the United States? A. It pays no duty or tax. B. It pays a duty but receives a duty drawback. C. It pays a tax based on the value added in Mexico. D. It pays use (sales) tax on the value of the finished goods. 349. The correct answer is D. Break-bulk operations break an incoming shipment from one source into smaller lots for reshipping to specific customers. Which one of the following warehouse operations would take place at a manufacturer's centralized warehouse to facilitate delivery of one product to many retailers? A. Consolidation B. Spot stocking C. Mixing D. Break-bulk 350. The correct answer is D. Market segmentation and the deployment of the sales force can be based upon any of a number of criteria, including but by no means limited to geography, market potential, or age. Which of the following constitutes a potentially appropriate way to segment a market? A. Geography B. Market potential C. Age D. Any of the above can be appropriate. 351. The correct answer is B. All market participants can benefit from well-crafted regulations regarding such matters as fairness and safety, but the public at large is most likely to be in synch with the government on the broad spectrum of regulations, from pricing through access to safety and environmental stewardship. (This assumes a government that is responsive to public demands.) Which of the following transportation stakeholders is most likely to be in agreement with the government about the need for market regulation? A. Shippers B. The public C. Carriers D. Recipients 352. The correct answer is B. Product group forecasts are more reliable than single-product forecasts, so the pyramid technique begins by forecasting demand for the product family and then disaggregates the demand to generate single-product demand forecasts. This ensures alignment between forecasts for the group and the components of the group. (This is not to imply that the technique ignores other principles, only that it specifically relies upon the superior reliability of group forecasting.) The forecasting method known as the pyramid technique specifically incorporates which one of the following principles of forecasting? A. Forecasts are always wrong. B. Product group forecasts are more reliable than single-product forecasts. C. Short-range forecasts are more reliable than long-range forecasts. D. Quantitative data are preferable to qualitative estimates. 353. The correct answer is A. Standardization, also called universality, is the strategy of designing a product to work in multiple markets rather than in only one market. Modular design and mass customization may reach multiple market segments, but they do so by product differentiation, not standardization. Which of the following is another name for the "one size fits all" type of design? A. Standardization B. Mass customization C. Modular design D. Component commonality 354. The correct answer is A. Transferring responsibility for logistics to a 4PL involves loss of control, so a manager may want to compensate with frequent reviews (at least at first). The upside of giving control of logistics to a specialist should be an increase in flexibility, greater economies of scale, and more advanced logistics technology. When engaging the services of a fourth-party logistics provider, a logistics manager should be careful to minimize the effects of which of the following potential risks? A. Reduction in control B. Less rapid adjustment to new customer technologies C. Reduction in flexible deployment of resources D. Reduced economies of scale 355. The correct answer is B. Assortment planning in industries in which demand and product styles change with each season present a special challenge to forecasters. The constant rotation through different styles or models means there is little historical demand data for particular products. VICS CPFR includes a scenario with guidelines for assortment planning based on graphic presentations of new models along with financial models. CPFR includes formal guidelines for a growing number of scenarios. Which of the following CPFR scenarios includes such methods as graphical presentations of new products to help make merchandizing decisions in the absence of solid historical data on demand? A. Retail event collaboration B. Collaborative assortment planning C. Store replenishment collaboration D. DC replenishment collaboration 356. The correct answer is C. Collaborative planning, forecasting, and replenishment (CPFR®) is a formal description of best practices developed and maintained by VICS to help supply chain partners develop successful collaborations. Which of the following is a type of supply chain collaboration formalized by the Voluntary Interindustry Commerce Standards Association (VICS)? A. Vendor-managed inventory B. Quick response C. Collective planning, forecasting, and replenishment D. Continuous replenishment 357. The correct answer is B. The forklift truck is designed specifically for moving, placing, and retrieving pallets. The other options either have less flexibility or are not especially suitable for moving small loads. Which of the following pieces of warehouse equipment provides maximum flexibility in the movement, placement, and retrieval of pallets? A. Roller-type conveyer B. Forklift truck C. Tow tractor with trailer D. Crane 358 The correct answer is C. Product families for purposes of the operations plan are best chosen by similar manufacturing requirements to facilitate other planning processes, such as production scheduling. (Marketing can group products in other ways for its purposes.) Which of the following would provide a sound method for grouping products into product families for the operations plan? A. Appeal to a particular age group B. Similar seasonality C. Similarity of manufacturing processes D. National market destination 359. The correct answer is C. Component commonality is the design strategy of substituting one common component for a variety of similar components. Which of the following design strategies would most likely be responsible for the fact that only one screwdriver is needed to remove all the screws securing a computer case and to unfasten all components from the motherboard inside? A. Design for manufacture B. Design for logistics C. Component commonality D. Green engineering 360. The correct answer is C. Although CPFR is enhanced by software, it is fundamentally a set of business practices for synchronizing the operations of buyer and seller. It depends for success upon a willingness to share data for forecasting, execution, assessments, and other functions. The data may be shared on peer-to-peer networks, extranets, or third-party servers, and the Internet is generally involved as the medium for accessing the shared data. But technology is not at the heart of the matter; sharing data in joint operations is. In regard to technology, CPFR may be said to depend fundamentally upon which of the following? A. Peer-to-peer network B. Third-party host C. Shared data in any technological format D. World Wide Web 361. The correct answer is A. While protecting all items is obviously important, the most cost-effective approach may be to spend relatively more resources on A items than on the less valuable, but larger, percentage of inventory. Which of the following statements best describes the relative care a warehouse manager should take in securing A, B, and C inventory items? A. Provide best protection for A items. B. Provide best protection for B items. C. Provide best protection for C items. D. Provide the same level of protection to all items. 362. The correct answer is A. The three-month moving average forecast for May is 20.33, which is the average monthly demand for the months from February through April (17 + 22 + 22 = 61 / 3 = 20.33); the naive forecast is taken from the period preceding the forecast period, which in this case is 22, the actual demand for May. Note that the naive forecast (22) is more nearly accurate in this case, because it adjusts faster than the moving average. However, it could just as easily have been less accurate if demand had changed in a different direction or by a different amount. Referring to the demand table below, calculate forecasts for May using both the three-month moving average (MA) and the naive forecasting methods. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the two forecasts? A. MA forecast = 20.33; naive forecast = 22 B. MA forecast = 20.67; naive forecast = 20 C. MA forecast = 21.33; naive forecast = 22 D. MA forecast = 22.00; naive forecast = 17 363. The correct answer is B. Typically used with JIT, lot-for-lot sizing delivers the exact amount needed when it is needed, thereby eliminating inventory buffers. Frequent delivery of small lots requires more setups. Which one of the following conditions is a potential drawback of lot-for-lot order sizing? A. Inventory build-up B. High setup costs C. Incompatibility with JIT D. High inventory costs 364. The correct answer is D. A make-to-stock strategy "pushes" materials and products through the system in accordance with preset schedules rather than letting them be "pulled" through by actual orders. If you favored a push approach to managing a supply chain, which of the following production strategies would you be most likely to adopt? A. Make-to-order B. Assemble-to-order C. JIT D. Make-to-stock 365. The correct answer is A. Railroads have maintained a fairly steady 40 percent share of the market among common carriers since the Staggers Act, but other results of deregulation include declines in the number of large rail carriers, in total miles of track, in rates, and in destinations served. Which one of the following statements correctly identifies a consequence of the Staggers Act of 1980, which deregulated rail transport in the United States? A. No significant change in share of commercial carriage (ton-mile/year) B. Steady increase in miles of track in service C. Steady increase in markets served by rail D. Steady increase in rates 366. The correct answer is C. Pilferage is considered to be one of the potential costs of carrying inventory. From the inventory manager's point of view, pilferage contributes to which of the following costs? A. Setup costs B. Ordering costs C. Carrying costs D. Logistics costs 367. The correct answer is A. A weighted moving average puts more emphasis than a simple moving average does on the most recent demand numbers. Because of the weighting, it doesn't lag as far behind demand data as a simple moving average. Its focus, therefore, is on recent trends, not the long term. It isn't simpler. Which of the following statements correctly identifies the purpose of the weights in a weighted moving average? A. To be more sensitive to recent trends in demand B. To put more emphasis on long-term influences on demand C. To take account of mean average deviation D. To make data gathering and forecasting calculations simpler 368. The correct answer is C. The "Orange Book" is published by the United Nations; its first edition came out in 1956. It contains the United Nations Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods (UNRMTDG), in which all national controls are grounded. The UN recommendations do not have the force of law, but national regulations based on them may. Which of the following institutions publishes the "Orange Book" containing recommendations that form the basis of international dangerous goods (hazardous materials) laws and regulations? A. International Maritime Association B. International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) C. United Nations D. World Court 369. The correct answer is C. In the model, certain tasks are performed by the buyer/retailer (POS forecasting in this case), certain tasks are performed by the seller/manufacturer (market analysis in this case), and those tasks are reconciled in a joint session. The joint session to reconcile POS forecasting and market analysis results in a shared sales forecast. In the CPFR model, which of the following tasks would be performed jointly by the manufacturer (seller) and the retailer (buyer)? A. POS (point-of-sale) forecasting B. Market data analysis C. Sales forecasting D. All of the above would be performed jointly 370. The correct answer is A. Transportation expenses make up the largest portion of the logistics budget, so taking the discount on transportation costs would give you the largest cost reduction. (Of course, you would have to consider possible tradeoffs if discounting transportation caused cost increases elsewhere in the system.) If you were able to get a 20 percent discount on any of the following logistics expenses, which would you choose to receive the maximum cost savings? A. Transportation B. Compliance C. Warehousing D. Materials handling 371. The correct answer is A. Capacity control takes place in the very short term in the context of daily production. Capacity control takes place against which of the following time horizons? A. Everyday activity B. Monthly horizon C. Annual horizon D. Long term 372. The correct answer is B. The exporter determines the tariff classification using the harmonized code when packaging the goods for export. The importer (usually through the customs house broker) pays the duty when goods come through customs. Which one of the following describes the typical situation in regards to payment of import duties? A. The exporter determines the tariff classification and pays the duty. B. The exporter determines the tariff classification and the importer pays the duty. C. The importer determines the tariff classification and the exporter pays the duty. D. The importer determines the tariff classification and pays the duty. 373. The correct answer is B. To achieve economies of scale in transportation, consolidation combines shipments from many incoming sources when loading outbound vehicles headed for a single location. Which one of the following warehouse operations is most appropriate for a manufacturer that receives components from many suppliers and wants to achieve economies of scale when transporting those components to one plant? A. Cross-dock B. Consolidation C. Break-bulk D. Mixing 374. The correct answer is D. Break-bulk operations break an incoming shipment from one source into smaller lots for reshipping to specific customers. Which one of the following warehouse operations would take place at a manufacturer's centralized warehouse to facilitate delivery of one product to many retailers? A. Consolidation B. Mixing C. Spot stocking D. Break-bulk 375. The correct answer is D. The sales and operations plan takes the business plan as its point of reference for developing a plan that balances supply and demand by merging input from sales and marketing on the one hand and operations on the other. Which of the following provides a point of reference for formulating the sales and operations plan? A. Production forecast B. Financial plan C. Marketing plan D. Business plan 376. The correct answer is D. The sales and marketing area is responsible and accountable for forecasting. Someone has to be responsible for the forecast for assessment purposes, but this does not mean that other areas cannot contribute to the forecast or that the forecast cannot be shared with other functional areas and supply chain partners. Information sharing is key to supply chain management. Which one of the following functional areas is responsible for demand forecasting? A. Executive team B. IT C. Purchasing D. Sales and marketing 377. The correct answer is D. The business plan provides a long-range view of strategy and guidance for developing tactical plans for sales, marketing, and operations. A business plan would typically include which of the following? A. Definition of sales territories B. Clearly defined marketing tactics C. Monthly production figures for each product family D. Long-term guidance for developing tactical production plans 378. The correct answer is C. Consolidators specialize in filling trucks for backhaul journeys from import destinations to port when the importer provides no goods for carriage. The consolidator may have to consolidate small shipments from a number of exporters to fill the carriers. A shipper whose exports are carried from the foreign port to the importer's dock by trucks that return empty to the port might hire which one of the following firms to find goods to carry on the backhaul route? A. Non-vessel operating common carrier (NVOCC) B. Export packager C. Consolidator D. Freight forwarder 379. The correct answer is B. Spot stocking is used for limited product lines and highly seasonal products that can be centrally stored during most of the year and spot-stocked in season at warehouses near the places where they will be purchased and used. Manufacturers use spot stocking for agricultural products used only during one limited operation, such as harvesting. Which one of the following types of warehousing is most appropriate for agricultural supplies that might be used only once during the year? A. Assortment B. Spot stocking C. Stockpiling D. Postponement 380. The correct answer is A. The public builds and maintains the infrastructure used by trucks, so they have low fixed costs. But they have relatively high variable costs for operation and maintenance. Which of the following correctly identifies the cost structure of trucking? A. Low fixed costs, high variable costs B. High fixed costs, high variable costs C. High fixed costs, low variable costs D. Low fixed costs, low variable costs 381. The correct answer is B. In many chains, variance in order quantity tends to increase as you move upstream away from the end customer. This is the bullwhip effect. In a multiple-echelon distribution network where each warehouse orders independently based on local demand, where in the chain do you find the most variance in order quantity? A. Variability tends to remain constant along the chain. B. Variability tends to increase toward the raw materials end of the chain. C. Variability tend to be greatest in the middle of the chain, diminishing toward either end. D. Variability tends to increase toward the customer end of the chain. 382. The correct answer is A. Using common components for a variety of purposes provides economies of scale in purchasing and manufacture but can limit design flexibility and reduce quality. Which of the following design strategies offers streamlined production and lower purchasing costs with a possible tradeoff against reduced design flexibility and lower quality? A. Component commonality B. Integral design C. Mass customization D. Universality 383. The correct answer is B. In a lot-for-lot schedule, the planned order release is equal to net requirements (gross requirement reduced by any inventory on hand). There is unlikely to be inventory on hand except at the beginning of an order period. If you are making up a production schedule using the lot-for-lot sizing method, which of the following equations would you use to determine the planned order receipt (assuming you know the gross amount required)? A. Gross requirement alone B. Gross requirement minus projected amounts on hand C. Gross requirement minus scheduled receipts D. Gross requirement minus projected on hand minus scheduled receipts 384. The correct answer is A. Contract carriers can generally offer lower rates and tailored services to select clients. Which one of the following would a firm be most likely to choose to deliver goods in national markets if it is looking for tailored services and a relatively low negotiated rate? A. Contract carrier B. Exempt carrier C. Common carrier D. Private carrier 385. The correct answer is C. NAFTA eliminated many tariffs on imports originating from within the region and scheduled elimination of the rest. Other barriers, such as access to roads on either side of the U.S.-Mexican border, remain troublesome. Imports originating from countries within the region are granted favorable duties compared to goods from outside, but documenting country of origin can be troublesome. Which one of the following benefits has been realized under the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)? A. Elimination of barriers to transportation across the U.S.-Mexican border B. Simplified documentation to qualify for lower tariffs on regional goods C. Elimination of many regional tariffs D. Easier access to competitively priced goods from outside the region 386. The correct answer is C. The average demand for the three months from January through March is 20 (21 + 17 + 22 = 60; 60 / 3 = 20), so the forecast for April is 20, which is two less than the actual demand. Referring to the table below, calculate a forecast for April using the three-month moving average method. Based on your calculation, which of the following statements correctly relates the forecast to the actual April demand of 22? A. Demand and forecast are the same. B. Demand exceeds forecast by 1. C. Demand exceeds forecast by 2. D. Demand exceeds forecast by 3. 387. The correct answer is D. Pipelines are considered a very secure way to convey liquid cargo. Except for earthquakes or terrorist attacks, pipelines will carry appropriate freight with almost no risk of loss or damage. Which of the following offers the greatest security against loss of cargo when transporting petroleum? A. Water B. Rail C. Road D. Pipelines 388. The correct answer is B. Water transport offers the lowest rates per ton, much lower even than rail, which is second. Trucking is considerably more expensive than rail but substantially less expensive than air. Place the following modes of transportation in order of rate per ton-mile for carrying cargo, with I being the lowest rates and IV being the highest. I. Rail II. Air III. Water IV. Truck A. I, III, IV, II B. III, I, IV, II C. III, IV, II, I D. IV, I, II, III 389. The correct answer is B. The monthly S&OP meeting deals with aggregate-level information about product families and output. The S&OP executive committee can make changes in either the operations plan or the business plan if they get out of synch with one another. Which of the following would be subject to alteration as the result of decisions made in an executive S&OP meeting? A. Weekly production schedules B. Business plan C. Product features D. Product pricing 390. The correct answer is C. The main benefit of the pull system of distribution is sensitivity to local customer demand, since orders begin near the customer and "pull" products from upstream. This approach does not facilitate communication, eliminate safety stock, or improve visibility down the chain because there is no central coordination and upstream partners have to depend upon forecasting to plan for future orders rather than upon (for example) a predetermined production schedule. Using a pull system in the distribution network offers which one of the following benefits to the supply chain as a whole? A. Elimination of safety stock B. Enhanced communication up the chain C. Sensitivity to demands of the final customer D. Enhanced visibility of future demand all along the chain 391. The correct answer is D. All market participants can benefit from well-crafted regulations regarding such matters as fairness and safety, but the public at large is most likely to be in synch with the government on the broad spectrum of regulations, from pricing through access to safety and environmental stewardship. (This assumes a government that is responsive to public demands.) Which of the following transportation stakeholders is most likely to be in agreement with the government about the need for market regulation? A. Shippers B. Carriers C. Recipients D. The public 392. The correct answer is B. Railroad and barges both specialize in carrying very heavy, dense, low-value cargo over long distances. A rail line laid along a waterway would make a potent rival for the water carrier. Considering the types of cargo typically carried over long distances by inland water carrier and the rates per ton-mile, which of the following modes of transportation is the barge's closest competitor? A. Piggyback B. Rail C. Trucking D. Pipeline 393. The correct answer is A. The three-month weighted moving average forecast for April is 20.17 (3 x 22 = 66; 2 x 17 = 34; 1 x 21 = 21; 66 + 34 + 21 = 121; 121 / 6 = 20.17). Did you remember to divide by the sum of the weights (6) instead of by 3? Referring to the demand table below, calculate a three-month weighted moving average forecast for April using a 3-2-1 weighting for March, February, and January, respectively. Which of the following identifies the correct forecast for April using this method? A. 20.17 B. 20.33 C. 20.67 D. 40.33 394. The correct answer is A. The master production schedule includes dates of production for make-to-stock end items. (This can be either finished products or, in a modular approach, components.) For make-to-stock production of an integral design, the master production schedule includes production dates for which of the following? A. End items B. Product families C. Orders D. Components 395. The correct answer is C. Pipeline inventory is stock kept on hand to fill orders while the next lot is in transit. It is also known as transportation inventory. Inventory held to cover transit time is called which of the following? A. Work-in-process inventory B. Fluctuation inventory C. Pipeline inventory D. Anticipatory inventory 396. The correct answer is C. The MRP schedules delivery of dependent demand items (which are in turn based upon independent demand forecasts). The other processes work with independent demand or product families. Which one of the following processes results in production numbers driven by dependent demand? A. Master production scheduling process B. Sales and operations planning process C. Material requirements planning process D. Market planning process 397. The correct answer is B. Modular design creates mix-and-match components that can be combined into different products, whereas integral design creates one product from a unique set of components. Which of the following design strategies is the polar opposite of integral design? A. Universality B. Modular design C. Mass customization D. Design for postponement 398. The correct answer is D. Revenue from the sale of service contracts can offset some of the expenses involved in the reverse logistics chain, including higher transportation fees for small, sporadic shipments; the addition of transportation lanes to reach specialized warehouses; and, of course, the costs to the company of making warranty repairs. Expenses involved in the reverse logistics chain may be offset by which of the following? A. Rebates from landfills B. More efficient use of warehouses set up for forward logistics C. Freight discounts on shipments of returned items D. Sale of service contracts 399. The correct answer is C. Rail provides a rough ride for cargo, resulting in more breakage than occurs in cargo transported by truck, water, or air. A logistics manager concerned to avoid breakage of cargo would be least inclined to choose which of the following modes of transportation (ignoring tradeoffs)? A. Water transport B. Truck transport C. Rail transport D. Air transport 400. The correct answer is A. The risk of having inventory items become obsolete increases when amounts ordered exceed the forecast significantly. Economies of scale in transport and purchase are potential benefits of larger orders, as is decoupling from the supplier. Which of the following identifies a risk of ordering more inventory than required to fill forecast orders? A. Increased obsolescence B. Decoupling from supplier C. Higher per-car costs for transporting the inventory D. Higher per-item costs for purchasing the inventory _1239972185.unknown _1239972741.unknown _1239973013.unknown _1239973752.unknown _1239973929.unknown _1239974080.unknown _1239974155.unknown _1239974191.unknown _1239974192.unknown _1239974189.unknown _1239974190.unknown _1239974156.unknown _1239974120.unknown _1239974153.unknown _1239974154.unknown _1239974121.unknown _1239974117.unknown _1239974118.unknown _1239974081.unknown _1239974009.unknown _1239974044.unknown _1239974078.unknown _1239974079.unknown _1239974045.unknown _1239974042.unknown _1239974043.unknown _1239974010.unknown _1239973969.unknown _1239974007.unknown _1239974008.unknown _1239973970.unknown _1239973967.unknown _1239973968.unknown _1239973930.unknown _1239973852.unknown _1239973889.unknown _1239973927.unknown _1239973928.unknown _1239973890.unknown _1239973887.unknown _1239973888.unknown _1239973853.unknown _1239973802.unknown _1239973850.unknown _1239973851.unknown _1239973803.unknown _1239973800.unknown _1239973801.unknown _1239973753.unknown _1239973568.unknown _1239973676.unknown _1239973716.unknown _1239973750.unknown _1239973751.unknown _1239973717.unknown _1239973714.unknown _1239973715.unknown _1239973677.unknown _1239973606.unknown _1239973674.unknown _1239973675.unknown _1239973607.unknown _1239973604.unknown _1239973605.unknown _1239973569.unknown _1239973495.unknown _1239973532.unknown _1239973565.unknown _1239973567.unknown _1239973533.unknown _1239973530.unknown _1239973531.unknown _1239973496.unknown _1239973449.unknown _1239973493.unknown _1239973494.unknown _1239973451.unknown _1239973447.unknown _1239973448.unknown _1239973014.unknown _1239972877.unknown _1239972936.unknown _1239972974.unknown _1239973011.unknown _1239973012.unknown _1239972976.unknown _1239972972.unknown _1239972973.unknown _1239972937.unknown _1239972912.unknown _1239972934.unknown _1239972935.unknown _1239972913.unknown _1239972910.unknown _1239972911.unknown _1239972878.unknown _1239972806.unknown _1239972839.unknown _1239972875.unknown _1239972876.unknown _1239972840.unknown _1239972836.unknown _1239972837.unknown _1239972807.unknown _1239972774.unknown _1239972804.unknown _1239972805.unknown _1239972775.unknown _1239972771.unknown _1239972772.unknown _1239972742.unknown _1239972457.unknown _1239972587.unknown _1239972666.unknown _1239972704.unknown _1239972739.unknown _1239972740.unknown _1239972705.unknown _1239972702.unknown _1239972703.unknown _1239972667.unknown _1239972617.unknown _1239972664.unknown _1239972665.unknown _1239972618.unknown _1239972615.unknown _1239972616.unknown _1239972588.unknown _1239972525.unknown _1239972554.unknown _1239972585.unknown _1239972586.unknown _1239972555.unknown _1239972552.unknown _1239972553.unknown _1239972526.unknown _1239972494.unknown _1239972523.unknown _1239972524.unknown _1239972495.unknown _1239972492.unknown _1239972493.unknown _1239972458.unknown _1239972315.unknown _1239972391.unknown _1239972431.unknown _1239972455.unknown _1239972456.unknown _1239972432.unknown _1239972429.unknown _1239972430.unknown _1239972392.unknown _1239972346.unknown _1239972389.unknown _1239972390.unknown _1239972347.unknown _1239972344.unknown _1239972345.unknown _1239972316.unknown _1239972248.unknown _1239972282.unknown _1239972313.unknown _1239972314.unknown _1239972283.unknown _1239972280.unknown _1239972281.unknown _1239972249.unknown _1239972219.unknown _1239972246.unknown _1239972247.unknown _1239972220.unknown _1239972217.unknown _1239972218.unknown _1239972186.unknown _1239971538.unknown _1239971869.unknown _1239972006.unknown _1239972117.unknown _1239972146.unknown _1239972183.unknown _1239972184.unknown _1239972147.unknown _1239972144.unknown _1239972145.unknown _1239972118.unknown _1239972041.unknown _1239972115.unknown _1239972116.unknown _1239972042.unknown _1239972039.unknown _1239972040.unknown _1239972007.unknown _1239971932.unknown _1239971968.unknown _1239972004.unknown _1239972005.unknown _1239971970.unknown _1239971966.unknown _1239971967.unknown _1239971933.unknown _1239971899.unknown _1239971930.unknown _1239971931.unknown _1239971900.unknown _1239971897.unknown _1239971898.unknown _1239971870.unknown _1239971738.unknown _1239971799.unknown _1239971832.unknown _1239971867.unknown _1239971868.unknown _1239971833.unknown _1239971830.unknown _1239971831.unknown _1239971800.unknown _1239971769.unknown _1239971797.unknown _1239971798.unknown _1239971770.unknown _1239971767.unknown _1239971768.unknown _1239971739.unknown _1239971678.unknown _1239971704.unknown _1239971736.unknown _1239971737.unknown _1239971705.unknown _1239971702.unknown _1239971703.unknown _1239971679.unknown _1239971573.unknown _1239971676.unknown _1239971677.unknown _1239971574.unknown _1239971570.unknown _1239971571.unknown _1239971539.unknown _1239971247.unknown _1239971395.unknown _1239971460.unknown _1239971492.unknown _1239971536.unknown _1239971537.unknown _1239971493.unknown _1239971490.unknown _1239971491.unknown _1239971461.unknown _1239971427.unknown _1239971458.unknown _1239971459.unknown _1239971428.unknown _1239971425.unknown _1239971426.unknown _1239971396.unknown _1239971326.unknown _1239971363.unknown _1239971392.unknown _1239971394.unknown _1239971365.unknown _1239971361.unknown _1239971362.unknown _1239971327.unknown _1239971286.unknown _1239971324.unknown _1239971325.unknown _1239971288.unknown _1239971284.unknown _1239971285.unknown _1239971248.unknown _1239971091.unknown _1239971167.unknown _1239971202.unknown _1239971245.unknown _1239971246.unknown _1239971204.unknown _1239971200.unknown _1239971201.unknown _1239971168.unknown _1239971129.unknown _1239971165.unknown _1239971166.unknown _1239971130.unknown _1239971127.unknown _1239971128.unknown _1239971092.unknown _1239970965.unknown _1239971041.unknown _1239971089.unknown _1239971090.unknown _1239971042.unknown _1239971039.unknown _1239971040.unknown _1239970966.unknown _1239970928.unknown _1239970963.unknown _1239970964.unknown _1239970929.unknown _1239970927.unknown _1239970925.unknown