word版本Chapter 8 Crane

CHAPTER 8 CRANE 8.1 General Rules 8.1.1 Crane shall be specified to comply with the requirements of the applied standards and specifications. 8.1.2 The working area covered by a crane shall satisfy the requirements of users and avoid any dead spaces. 8.1.3 Considerations shall be given to the installing locations of cranes and the related protection facilities to eliminate dangers to personal and possible accidents caused by moving parts. Attentions should be paid ,during design, to the selection of the materials and determination of working conditions and environmental conditions. 8.1.4 Pedestal of crane The pedestal of a platform should pass through the deck plate and effectively connected with the main structure member, and its design, fabrication and welding with the main structure shall comply with the related provisions in Chapter 3 of the 《Rulers》. The pedestal flange on which the slewing ring is to be mounted shall be firm and flat, and shall meet the requirement for levelness. 8.1.5 The winch of crane 8.1.5.1 The wire rope shall self-line up in good order on the drum. When the boom of crane is at the highest operation position and the hook reaches the sea surface of the lowest astronomical tide, the wire rope remained on the drum of main hoisting winch shall be no less than 5 coils. 8.1.5.2 The crane winch shall be provided with an automatic brake as well as a manual brake, so that in case of failure of power source or control system, the cargo on the hook can be lowered down by maneuvering the manual brake. 8.1.6 Wire rope Wire rope shall be manufactured according to the applied specifications and standards, and shall have an ex-factory qualification certificate and a test certificate. The hoisting system shall be applied with non-rotating wire rope. 8.1.7 Control cab If the crane is provided with a control cab, the location of the cab shall be such that the operator shall be able to have a clear view of any boom position, handling point of the hoisting load and commanding signals of the foreman throughout the operation and be convenient for the operator to escape quickly in emergency. The windows of the cab shall be made of safety glass or equivalent materials, and shall be fitted with windshield wipers. 8.1.8 Operation performance 8.1.8.1 The minimum hoisting speed of a crane shall be compatible with the sea conditions during hoisting, and avoid any impacts to the supply boat when an object is being hoisted. 8.1.8.2 Hoists should meet following requirements: (1) Static brakes shall have sufficient impact capacity to hold 1.5 times the rated torque of the hoist. (2) Dynamic brakes shall have adequate capacity to smoothly stop 110% of the rated safe working load from maximum lowering speed. (3) A boom angle or load radius indicator readable from the operators ,station shall be provided. 8.1.8.3 Boom hoist mechanism should meet following requirements: (1) The boom hoist mechanism shall be capable of supporting the boom and 110% of designed safe working load within the recommended minimum and maximum boom angles. (2) It should be capable to prevent the boom from uncontrolled lowering. 8.1.8.4 Swing mechanism should satisfy: (1) A brake with holding power in both directions shall be provided. (2) It should be capable to prevent the upper structure and pedestal of the crane from breaking-away, when mechanical failure occurs in swing mechanism. 8.1.9 The mechanical and electrical equipment shall comply with the requirements of item 7.2 & 9.4 of the《Rulers》if the crane is located in a classified area. 8.2 Safety Device 8.2.1 General Requirements The crane shall be provided with effective devices to control speed, slewing and halting operation, and shall be provided with alarm and braking mechanism for power failure. 8.2.2 Limiting switch 8.2.2.1 The crane shall be provided with limiting switches for lifting height, maximum and minimum luffing and slewing angle (only applicable to cranes which slewing angle are restricted). After the said limiting switches actuated, alarm shall be initiated and the power source shut-off, the crane and hoisting load shall hold a position same as that prior to the actuation of the limiting switches. 8.2.2.2 The crane shall be provided with overriding switches which can make the limiting switches not to be effective. The overriding switches shall be properly protected against undesired operation. If overriding switches are required, the related provisions specified in the operation manual should be strictly followed. 8.2.3 Overload protection shall be provided for cranes, and adjusted to actuate at a setting point not exceeding 100% safety working load. 8.2.4 An indicator showing the maximum safety working load at a certain boom radius shall be provided for cranes having different safe working loads at different boom radius. When actual load reaches 90% of the safe working load, audible and visible alarms shall be initiated and the crane shall be shut-off when actual load reaches 100% of the safety working load. 8.2.5 Emergency shut down switch An emergency shut down switch shall be fitted close to the operator seat. When the switch actuated, all braking devices shall be actuated immediately. The emergency shut down switch shall be painted in red color and marked with on/off position, and shall be provided with protections against underired operations. The emergency shut down switch on a crane driven by electric motor shall be capable of shutting off the main power supply, and when power supply is restarted, the motor shall be ensured not to start automatically unless the control handle returns to the neutral position. 8.2.6 Alarm signal The crane shall be provided with a manually operated audible alarm signal, which should differ from other signals on the platform. 8.2.7 Communication equipment Communication equipment shall be provided in the control cab to ensure the operator to liaison with the foreman on deck and the supply boat. 8.2.8 Obstruction lamps Obstruction lamps shall be fitted on the top of crane boom and slewing platform and the highest point as the crane in parking position. 8.2.9 Electric motor The protections of short circle, low voltage and overload shall be provided for the driven motor of the crane. 8.2.10 Diesel engine Safety and technical measures for the driven diesel engine of a crane shall comply with the related provisions of Item 7.3 of the《Rulers》. 8.2.10.1 Exhaust gases shall be piped to outside of the engine enclosure and discharged in a direction away from the operator. 8.2.10.2 All exhaust systems shall be guarded in areas where might be touched by personal during their normal operations. 8.2.10.3 Diesel tanks shall be equipped with filler necks and cap to prevent fuel contamination from external sources. 8.2.10.4 Drains shall be provided on all diesel tanks. 8.2.11 Hook A safety device shall be provided on the hook of the crane to prevent the cargo from falling down by accident. 8.2.12 The fire extinguishers provided for crane shall comply with the related provisions in 14.5 of the《Rulers》. 8.3 Testing, Marking and Certificate 8.3.1 A crane shall be tested according to Table 8.3.1 before it is used for the first time. Table 8.3.1 Safe Working Load SWL KN(t) Test Load KN(t) SWL<=196(20) 1.25*SWL 196(20)490(50) 1.1*SWL 8.3.1.1 The procedure and requirement of test shall be approved by The Third Party Certification, and the test shall be witnessed and verified by the agent of The Third Party Certification. 8.3.1.2 The crane shall be tested at the maximum designed boom radius. The test shall be carried out with the cargo having its mass certificate appended on the hook or equivalence and the cargo suspension time shall not be less than 5 minutes. 8.3.1.3 The crane shall go through the hoisting test with testing load at low speed, swing test, boom control test and brake test for hoisting system, swing system and boom control system. 8.3.1.4 The crane with different safety working loads at different working radius shall be tested at the corresponding testing load at every working radius. 8.3.1.5 Actuate test for overload protection device and over-moment protection device shall be carried out. 8.3.1.6 If full testing load test for a hydraulic crane is impossible, testing load could be reduced. But the applied testing load should not be less than 1.1 times safety working load any way. 8.3.1.7 After overload tested, the crane shall gothrough operation test at the safety working load, for hoisting ,swing and boom control at every running speed in order to confirm the proper operation performance, overload capacity, load indicator, limit switch and so on. 8.3.2 A thorough check shall be made after the test, and there should be no any cracks, permanent distortions and disfigurements. 8.3.3 Qualified cranes shall be marked with a stamp, and certificate shall be issued by The Third Party Certification. 8.4 Operation Manual and Qualification of the Crane Operator 8.4.1 Each crane shall be available with an operation manual which shall contain at least the followings: 8.4.1.1 The design, construction standards and guideline for safe operation. 8.4.1.2 General layout of the crane, in which the material grade of main structural members, welding requirement and extent of non-destructive testing shall be illustrated. 8.4.1.3 All limitations during normal and emergency operations with respect to safe working load, safe working moment, maximum wind and wave height corresponding to the extreme sea state, design temperatures and braking system. 8.4.1.4 The specifications and materials used for all loose parts and wire ropes of the crane. 8.4.1.5 Operating manual of all safety devices, diagrams for electric, hydraulic and pneumatic systems and equipment. 8.4.1.6 Guidance on maintenance and regular inspections. 8.4.2 Only crane operator and related operation personnel with qualification certificates, shall be permitted to operate the crane. 8.5 Lifting Basket 8.5.1 A lifting basket for personnel on/off platform shall be ensured to have sufficient strength and buoyancy for self-float, and it should be flexible rope type with clear and easily distinguishing color. A vertical column shall be provided in the middle of the basket to support flexible ropes. 8.5.2 The personnel taking the lifting basket shall not excess of the specified numbers, and shall follow related safety provisions and wear the life jacket or immersion suit. 8.5.3 The operation of lifting basket shall comply with the related provisions of Article 7 of “ General Safety Provisions on Offshore Mobil Drilling Rigs and Oil (Gas) Production Installation” Promulgated by the Safety Office. 8-5