过去分词作定语,表语,宾语补足语

过去分词作定语 过去分词是非谓语动词的一种。从语法功能分析,过去分词兼有动词,形容词或副词的特性,可在句中充当定语,表语,宾语补足语或状语。 考点1. 过去分词作定语 1.过去分词作定语的位置 1)单个过去分词:一般情况下。单个过去分词作前置定语,即放在所修饰词之前。有时为了表示强调,也可放在所修饰词之后。 A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开。(谚语) Money spent is more than money earned。花的钱比挣的钱多。 2)过去分词短语:过去分词短语往往作后置定语,即放在所修饰词之后。 This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 这部小说将是这类小说中写得最好的。This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 这就是战斗中受伤的战士。 真题链接 After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _______. A. providing B. provided C. have provided D. provide 2.过去分词作定语的时态和语态意义 1)及物动词的过去分词作定语通常表示被动和完成,即被修饰词通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受着,且该动作已经完成。 The question discussed yesterday. 昨天讨论的那个问题。 The person killed last year. 去年被杀的那个人。 2)不及物动词的过去分词作定语仅表示完成,不表示被动。 Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天来了,院子里有许多落叶。When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 当我起床并走进院子时,我看到太阳已经升起来了。 真题链接 “It’s such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table _______for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. Reserved 3.过去分词作定语与现在分词/不定式作定语的区别 现在分词作定语表示主动和动作正在进行;过去分词作定语表示被动和动作已经完成;不定 第 1 页共 4 页 式作定语时有两种情况:1.)与其所修饰的词之间往往有动宾关系,2.) 相当于一个定语从句,表明动作即将发生。 China is a developing country, not a developed country. 中国是一个发展中国家,而不是一个发达国家。 He is a pleasant fellow to work with. 他是一个很好共事的人。 The man to come our assistant id Mike. 要来帮助我们的人是迈克。 真题链接 1. The players ______from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 2.Recently a survey _____prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 过去分词作表语 考点二过去分词作表语 1.过去分词作表语时位于系动词(如:be, get, become, look, feel, seem 等)之后,多表示主语的状态或状况,它所体现的是形容词的特性,因此有相当一部分过去分词已经转化成了形容词。 I am pleased with the result of the experiment. 我对实验结果很满意。 真题链接 In April,thousands of holidaymakers remained _______abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 2.过去分词作表语时的注意事项 1.) 过去分词作表语时,强调主语所处的状态;而动词的被动语态表示主语是动作的承受着,强调动作。 The cup is broken. (强调杯子的状态) The cup was broken by Jim. (强调“打破”的动作) 2.)过去分词作表语与现在分词作表语的区别:过去分词多表示自身的感受或事物本身的状态,常译作“感到......的”;现在分词多表示事物具有的特性,常译作“令人......的”。 He became discouraged. 他变得灰心丧气。 The situation proves encouraging. 事实证明形势是令人振奋的。 真题链接 Tom sounds very much _______in the job, but I’m not sure whether he can manage it. A.interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. Interestedly 语法精炼 用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空 1.All of them looked very ___________(surprise) at the ____________(surprise) news. 2.The bridge ___________(build) last month needs repairing. 3.The exam __________(hold) next week is quite important. 4.The old man ___________(seat) under the tree is from a foreign country. 5.We must tell the people __________(frighten) by the disease the good news as soon as possible. 6.Do you like to read the novel ________(write) by Han Han? 7.When I came in, my aunt and my uncle remained __________(seat) on the chair,silent. 8.My brother became ___________(interest) in animals when he was very young. 9.The money __________(raise) will be sent to the earthquake survivors. 10.The dog ____________(bark) at the door is Tom’s dog. 过去分词作宾语补足语 及物动词的过去分词作宾补可表示被动和完成,宾语通常是过去分词所表示的动作的承受者。不及物动词的过去分词作宾语补足语只表示动作已完成。 考点一过去分词作宾语补足语的用法 1.过去分词用于feel,find,hear,notice,see,smell,observe等感官动词后作宾补。 He didn’t notice his wallet stolen. 他没注意到他的钱包被偷了。 When we got to school, we saw the door locked. 当我们到学校时,我们看到门被锁上了。 2.过去分词用于get, have, make, keep,leave,order等使役动词后作宾补。 They are going to have the entrance hall painted white. 他们准备让人把门厅粉刷成白色的。 3.过去分词用于with复合结构中作宾补。 The outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow. 屋外景色迷人,白雪覆 盖着大地。 真题链接 1. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English ________as much as we can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 2.Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car ________. A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash 考点二过去分词/现在分词/不定式作宾语补足语的区别 1.过去分词作宾补 可表示被动和动作已完成