初中英语定语从句和专项练习

初中英语定语从句和专项练习 其实在初中英语中让许多人头疼的就是定语从句了。下面是初中 三年的定语从句所有及其练习。 定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。关系代词有:who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有:when, where, why等。一.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。1)who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,在从句中作主语和宾语。例如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)2)whose 用来指人或物,(只用作定语, 若指物,它还可以同of which互换)。例如:They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down. 那人车坏了,大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose (of which)cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的书。3) which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如: A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语)二.关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。 1)关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构 交替使用。例如: There are occasions when (on which)one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where(in which)I was born. 北京是我的出生地。Is this the reason why (for which)he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗? 2)that代替关系副词,可以用于 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why 和“介 +which”引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略。例如: The film (which)we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语) 3. who,whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom,也可省略。例如: The girl who often helps me with my English is from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语) Who is the teacher (whom)Li Ming is talking to?正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语) 注意: (1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,that,which可省略,但介 词在关系代词前时, 只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如: This is the house in which we lived last year.这是我们去年居住的房子。Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel. 请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。 (2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如: This is the person whom you are looking for. 这就是你要找的那个人。 (3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如: The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常远。(4)关系词只能用that的情况: a.先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用 that,而不用which.例如: He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一个通过考试的人。 b.被修饰的先行词为all,any,much,many,everything,anything,none,the one等不定代 词时,只能用that,而不用which.例如: Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?你在商店里有什么东西要买吗? c.先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last,little,few 等词修饰时,只能用 that,而不用w which.例如: This is the same bike that I lost.这就是我丢的那辆自行车。 d.先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room. 我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:Who is the girl that is crying?正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁? f.主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which.例如:There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom. 桌子上那本书是汤姆的。(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况: a.先行词为that,those时,用which,而不用that.例如: What’s that which is under the desk?在桌子底下的那些东西是什么? b.关系代词前有介词时,一般用which,而不用that.例如: This is the room in which he lives. 这是他居住的房间。 c.引导非限制性定语从句,用which,而不用that.例如: Tom came back,which made us happy. 汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。五、关系副词的用法 (1)when指时间,其先行词表示时间,在句中作时间状语。例如:This was the time when he arrived.这是他到达的时间。 (2)where指地点,其先行词表示地点,在句中作地点状语。例如:This is place where he works.这是他工作的地点。 (3)why 指原因,其先行词是原因,起原因状语作用。例如:Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。单项填空。 1. -Do you know the man ______is talking with your father?-Yes,he’s our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 2. Is this the river _____I can swim? A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _____I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary ______the other day? A. that you bought B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5. Anyone ______with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing ______ is missing. A. that B. it C. which D.who 7. The man ______coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who’s B whose C. that of which. 8. The girl ______ is reading under the tree _____my sister. A. which;is B. whom;was C. who;is D. who;was 9. I love places ______the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world ______ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where we live in D. we live in Ⅱ. 用适当的关系代词that,which,who,whom填空。 1. The first thing ______you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _____is called April Fool’s Day in the west. 3. The family _____had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _____we live in is very old. 5. Didn’t you see the man ______I talked with just now? 初中英语:定语从句专项练习 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 1. Don’t talk about such things of __________ you a re not sure. A. which B. what C. as D. those 2. Is this the factory __________ you visited the other day? A. that B. where C. in which D. the one 3. Is this factory __________ some foreign friends visited last Friday? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 4. Is this the factory __________ he worked ten years ago? A. that B. where C. which D. the one 5. The wolves hid themselves in the places __________ couldn’t be found. A. that B. where C. in which D. in that 6. The freezing point is the temperature __________ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of what 7. This book will show you __________ can be used in other contexts.. A. how you have observed B. what you have observed C. that you have observed D. how that you have observed 8. The reason is __________ he is unable to operate the machine. A. because B. why C. that D. whether 9. I’ll te ll you __________ he told me last week. A. all which B. that C. all that D. which 10. That tree, __________ branches are almost bare, is very old. A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which 11. I have bought the same dress __________ she is wearing. A. as B. that C. which D. what 12. He failed in the examination, __________ made his father very angry. A. which B. it C. that D. what 13. We’re talking about the piano and t he pianist __________ were in the concert we attended last night. A. which B. whom C. who D. that 14. The girl __________ an English song in the next room is Tom’s sister. A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing 15. Those __________ not only from books but also through practice will succeed. A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn 16. Anyone __________ this opinion may speak out. A. that against B. that against C. who is ag ainst D. who are against 17. Didn’t you see the man __________? A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just now C. I nodded to him just now D. I nodded to just now 18. Can you lend me the novel __________ the other day? A. that you talked B. you talked about it C. which you talked with D. you talked about 19. Is there anything __________ to you? A. that is belonged B. that belongs C. that belong D. which belongs 20. ---- “How do you like the book?” ---- “It’s quite different from __________ I read last month.” A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what 21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except __________ who had already taken them. A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others 22. The train __________ she was travelling was late. A. which B. where C. on which D. in that 23. He has lost the key to the drawer __________ the papers are kept. A. where B. in which C. under which D. which 24. Antarctic __________ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round. A. which B. where C. that D. about which 25. It’s the third time __________ late this month. A. that you arrived B. when you arri ved C. that you’ve arrived D. when you’ve arrived 26. It was in 1969 __________ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon. A. that B. which C. when D. in which 27. May the fourth is the day __________ we Chinese people will never forget. A. which B. when C. on which D. about which 28. We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzhou, __________ live my grandparents and some relatives. A. which B. that C. who D. where 29. The hotel __________ during our holidays stands by the seaside. A. we stayed at B. where we stayed at C. we stayed D. in that we stayed 30. Is it in that factory __________ “Red Flag” cars are produced? A. in which B. where C. which D. that 31. It is the Suez Canal __________ separates Asia __________ Africa. A. which, to B. where, from C. that, from D. that, with 32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, __________ was a small canoe, with a boy in it. A. there B. where C. it D. which 33. He is not __________ a fool __________. A. such, as he is looked B. such, as he looks C. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks 34. Is that the reason __________ you are in favour of the proposal? A. which B. what C. why D. for that 35. He must be from Africa, __________ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. who D. what 36. He has two sons, __________ work as chemists. A. two of whom B. both of whom C. both of which D. all of whom 37. I, __________ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is 38. He is a man of great experience, __________ much can be learned. A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom 39. ---- Do you know the town at all? --- No, this is the first time I __________ here. A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming 40. I don’t like __________ you speak to her. A. the way B. the way in that C. the way which D. the way of which 41. The two things __________ they felt ve ry proud are Jim’s gold watch and Della’s hair. A. about which B. of which C. in which D. for which 42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we __________. A. would have B. have had C. had never had D. had ever had 43. Do you know which hotel __________? A. she is staying B. she is staying in C. is she staying D. is she staying in 44. There is only one thing __________ I can do. A. what B. that C . all D. which 45. Who can think of a situation __________ this idiom can be used? A. which B. that C. where D. in that 46. I have many books, some of __________ are on chemistry. A. them B. that C. which D. those 47. They were interested __________ you told them. A. in which B. in that C. all that D. in everything 48. The astronaut did many experiments in the spaceship, __________ much help for knowing space. A. which we think it is B. which we think are of C. of which we think is D. I think which is of 49. The great day we looked forward to __________ at last. A. come B. came C. coming D. comes 50. I like the second football match __________ was held last week. A. which B. who C. that D. /