NFC vs ISO14443 vs Felica_Philips

NFC vs ISO14443 vs Felica Bob Jiang CAS/IDE Feb 23, 2006 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Agenda • What’s Mifare • Mifare&ISO14443 • What is Felica • What is NFC • NFC Standardization • Comparison NFC and contactless card standard • Standards Overview for 13.56MHz systems • Summary CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference •• mifaremifare®® is the leading is the leading contactlesscontactless interface for interface for smart cardssmart cards. Developed . Developed by Philips and later became ISO14443 type Aby Philips and later became ISO14443 type A((ContactlessContactless Proximity Proximity Smart Cards Standard).Smart Cards Standard). •• the the mifaremifare®® Interface PlatformInterface Platform is a family of Card and Reader ICs,is a family of Card and Reader ICs, which support the which support the mifaremifare®® Interface.Interface. •• Some other companies developed another Some other companies developed another contactlesscontactless card and later standardised in ISO14443 B.card and later standardised in ISO14443 B. mifaremifare®® = ISO 14443 A= ISO 14443 A What is What is mifaremifare®® ?? CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Layers of the ISO /IEC 14443 ISO/IEC 14443 part 1 Physical Characteristics of contactless smart cards (PICC) ISO/IEC 14443 part 2 RF-Power & Signal interface ISO/IEC 14443 part 3 Initialization & Anticollision ISO/IEC 14443 part 4 Transmission Protocol CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Mifare and ISO 14443 MIFARE® Ultralight MIFARE® Standard MIFARE® Desfire ISO/IEC 14443 part 1 yes yes Yes ISO/IEC 14443- A part 2 yes yes Yes ISO/IEC 14443- A part 3 yes yes Yes ISO/IEC 14443 part 4 No, fixed command set No, fixed command set Yes CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference What’s Felica • Another contactless card technology developed by Sony. • Also work on 13.56MHz and 10cm operation distance • Once Sony applied for standardizing Felica into ISO14443 as Type C, but failed. By now ISO14443 only include type A and type B. No Type C in ISO14443 standard. • Felica is not a international standarded product. CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference What’s NFC • NFC --– Near Field Communication • Short range (~ 10 cm) secure wireless technology • Exchange any kind of data between any NFC enabled electronic devices • Work as active and passive modes possible • Standardized in ISO, ECMA, ETSI CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Standardization of NFC IP-1 NFC IP-1 is standardised in • ECMA 340 – http://www.ecma-international.org/ – Since January 2003 • ETSI TS 102 190 V1.1.1 (2003-03) – Title: Near Field Communication (NFC) IP-1; Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) – Since Feburary 2003 • ISO/IEC 18092 – Title: Near Field Communication (NFC) IP-1; Interface and Protocol (NFCIP-1) – Since October 22nd 2003 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference NFC IP-1 • Standard defines device to device communication only • NFC IP-1 defines: – RF protocol (active and passive communication mode) – Initialisation and single device detection – Data exchange protocol CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Comparison NFC IP-1 and smart card standards NFC devices Contactless Smart Card systems Initiator Target Reader/writer Contactless smart cards Active communication mode: Both initiator and target generate RF field Communication principle Passive communication mode: Initiator generates RF field and target answers using load modulation Reader generates RF field and card answers using load modulation Active communication mode: RF collision avoidanceInitialization Passive communication mode: Initialization and Anticollision Initialization and anticollision Speed at initialization [kbit/s] 106, 212, 424 106 for ISO 14443-A 212, 424 for FeliCa Communication protocol NFC IP-1 data exchange protocol ISO 14443 Transmission protocol MIFARE®: fixed command set FeliCaTM: fixed command set Speed at Communication protocol[kbit/s] 106, 212, 424 106, 212, 424, 848 for ISO 14443-A incl. amendments 106 for MIFARE® 212 for FeliCaTM CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Comparison NFC IP-1 passive communication mode versus ISO/IEC14443 –A, MIFARE® and FeliCaTM, Initiator/ Reader-writer mode Initiator Reader/Writer NFC IP-1: Passive communication mode according to ISO/IEC 18092 ISO/IEC 14443 A MIFARE® FeliCaTM 106 kbit/s Miller coded, 100% ASK modulation Miller coded , 100% ASK modulation Miller coded , 100% ASK modulation - 212 kbit/s Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation - - Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation RF- interface 424 kbit/s Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation - - Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation 106 kbit/s Bit-wise anticollision Bit-wise anticollision Bit-wise anticollision - 212 kbit/s Time slot anticollision - - Time slot anticollision Initializa- tion & Anti- collision (Single device detection) 424 kbit/s Time slot anticollision - - Time slot anticollision 106 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange Protocol Transmission Protocol Fixed MIFARE® Command Set - 212 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange Protocol - - Fixed FeliCaTM Command Set Communic ation Protocol 424 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange Protocol - - Fixed FeliCaTM Command Set CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Comparison NFC IP-1 passive communication mode versus ISO/IEC14443–A, MIFARE® and FeliCa, Target / Card mode Target Contactless Smart Card NFCIP 1 Passive Communication mode according to ISO/IEC 18092 ISO/IEC 144443 A MIFARE® FeliCaTM 106 kbit/s Manchester coded , Subcarrier load modulation Manchester coded , Subcarrier load modulation Manchester coded , Subcarrier load modulation - 212 kbit/s Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation - - Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation RF- interface 424 kbit/s Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation - - Manchester coded, 8-30 % Modulation 106 kbit/s Bit-wise anticollision Bit-wise anticollision Bit-wise anticollision - 212 kbit/s Time slot anticollision - - Time slot anticollision Initializa- tion & Anti- collision (Single device detection) 424 kbit/s Time slot anticollision - - Time slot anticollision 106 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange protocol Fixed MIFARE® Command Set - 212 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange protocol - Fixed FeliCaTM Command Set Communic ation Protocol 424 kbit/s NFC-IP1 Data Exchange protocol Transmission Protocol - Fixed FeliCaTM Command Set CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference General Flow protocol including ISO 14443-A and FeliCa, Initiator Passive Communication Active Communication 2 1 2 k B i t / s 1 0 6 k B i t / s 4 2 4 k B i t / s Init & Single Device Detection Init & Single Device Detection Init & Single Device Detection ATR_REQ ATR_RES SEL_RES POL_RES Initial RFCA NFC IP-1 Data Exchange prootocol RF collision avoidance RF collision avoidance RF collision avoidance 1 0 6 k B i t / s ISO14443-A MIFARE FeliCa 4 2 4 k B i t / s 2 1 2 k B i t / s POL_RES CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Differentiation between NFCIP-1, ISO 14443A ,MIFARE® • Interpret Answer to Select command Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Meaning X X X X X 1 X X Cascade bit set: NFCID1 not complete X 1 X X X 0 X X NFCID1 complete, Target compliant with NFC IP-1 protocol.Request for Atrributes X X X X X X 0 X NFCID1 complete, Target not compliant with NFC IP-1 protocol X X 1 X X X X X UID complete, device compliant with ISO/IEC 14443 X X 0 X X X X X UID complete, device not compliant with ISO/IEC 14443 · After selection of a target the SEL_RES byte has to be checked. • If bit 6 of SEL_RES is set to 1, the counterpart is a device capable of handling the NFCIP-1 protocol. • If bit 5 of SEL_RES is set to 1, the device can handle the ISO14443-4 transmission protocol. • If none of these is set the counterpart is a proprietary device. This could be for example a MIFARE® card. • If all or 2 least 2 of the bits are set the device can handle more than one option CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Ecma 340- ISO18092 NFCIP-1 ISO/IEC 18092 – Peer-to-peer – Active & passive – Short range – 106, 212, 424 kbps ISO/IEC 18092 (NFCIP-1) ISO/IEC 14443 (Contactless Proximity Cards) ISO/IEC 15693 (Contactless Vicinity Cards) Interface Standards NFC device a1 1 a223 a34 a4 b1 b2 b3 b4 5 6 7 8GND 0 NFC device a1 1 a2 2 3 a34 a4 b1 b2 b3 b4 5 6 7 8GND 0 Proximity Card Reader a1 1 a223 a34 a4 b1 b2 b3 b4 5 6 7 8GND 0 Vicinity Card Reader a1 1 a2 2 3 a34 a4 b1 b2 b3 b4 5 6 7 8GND 0 Proximity Card Vicinity Card ISO/IEC 14443 – Reader-to-card – Passive – Proximity – 106 kbps (up to 848 in Development) ISO/IEC 15693 – Reader-to-card – Passive – Vicinity – Up to 26 kbps Gerald Schaffler CAS NFC Protocol 23.05.2005 Standards and Compatibility Overview for 13.56MHz Systems ---- Initiator View(Reader View) CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 Gerald Schaffler CAS NFC Protocol 23.05.2005 Standards and Compatibility Overview for 13.56MHz Systems ---- Target View(Card/Tag View) CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 2CAS 23.05.2005 CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference Summary • NFC IP-1 is a standard for peer to peer communication. • NFC IP-1 uses its own data exchange protocol defined for the peer to peer communication • NFC IP-1 is in passive communication mode at 106 kbit/s compliant to ISO 14443-A and MIFARE® communication on the RF interface and during the initialization and selection. • NFC IP-1 is in passive communication mode at 212, 424 kbit/s compliant to FeliCa communication on the RF interface and during the initialization and selection. • A contactless smart card can not be NFC IP-1 compliant as it can not support the active communication mode • ISO 14443-A uses its own transmission protocol as defined in part 4 Transmission protocol • MIFARE® uses a fixed command set being not compliant to the ISO14443A -4 • NFC IP-1 compliant devices can act as a reader/writer for ISO 14443A, MIFARE® and FeliCaTM (with support of additional SW that implements the ISO 14443-4, MIFARE® and FeliCaTM protocols) • NFC IP-1 compliant devices can emulate a contactless smart card protocol functionality (ISO 14443-4A, MIFARE® and FeliCaTM) either by software only or by a combined software and hardware approach. • The differentiation between the communication protocols is indicated by the Sel_res or Pol_res bytes • DIF(Dual InterFace) card combine a contact card and a contactless card in one chip. Currently the contactless interface is compliant to ISO14443(typeA or typeB) and no DIF with Felica interface CONFIDENTIAL Division, Author, MMMM dd, yyyy, Reference 19 NFC vs ISO14443 vs Felica���Bob Jiang�CAS/IDE�Feb 23, 2006 Agenda Layers of the ISO /IEC 14443 Mifare and ISO 14443 What’s Felica What’s NFC Standardization of NFC IP-1 NFC IP-1 Comparison NFC IP-1 and smart card standards Comparison NFC IP-1 passive communication mode versus ISO/IEC14443 –A, MIFARE® and FeliCaTM, Initiator/ Reader-writer mode Comparison NFC IP-1 passive communication mode versus ISO/IEC14443–A, MIFARE® and FeliCa, Target / Card mode General Flow protocol including ISO 14443-A and FeliCa, Initiator Differentiation between NFCIP-1, ISO 14443A ,MIFARE® Ecma 340- ISO18092 NFCIP-1 Standards and Compatibility Overview for 13.56MHz Systems ��---- Initiator View(Reader View)�� Standards and Compatibility Overview for 13.56MHz Systems ��---- Target View(Card/Tag View) � Summary