状语从句精讲

1.时间状语从句注意的几个问题： 比较while, when, as 1）when 引导短暂性动作的动词。 When I entered the classroom, I saw some students reading English. 2）as表示“一边……一边, 随着” 不用when 或while。 As the day went on, the weather got worse.　 　日子一天天过去，天气越变越坏。 She was doing her homework as she was listening to the music. As she grew older, she became more beautiful. 3.while与状态词或延续性动词连用 She listened closely while he read the letter. 他读信时,她听得很仔细。 I'll take care of your children while you are away. 你不在时我会照顾你的孩子的。 I like tea while she likes coffee. 我喜欢喝茶,而她喜欢喝咖啡。 While I like the color of the hat, I do not like its shape. 虽然我喜欢这顶帽子的颜色,但我不喜欢它的形状。 特殊引导词： once, the minute, the moment, the second, every time, the instant, immediately , no sooner … than, hardly …when, scarcely … when这些连词都表示“一……就”。 every time, each time 每次，每当 once--- 一但……就…… Once you see him, you will never forget him. every time, each time 每次 Each time he came to town, he would visit our school. I will go there directly I have finished my breakfast. 吃完早饭，我立即到那里去。 The moment I heard the news, I hastened to the spot.我一听到消息，马上赶到了出事地点。 注意下面句型： He had no sooner arrived home than it began to rain. No sooner had he arrived home than… He had hardly arrived home when it began to rain. as long as和so long as引导的时间状语从句。“只要”。 You can go where you like as long as you get back before dark. 你可以随意到哪里去，只要在天黑以前回来就行。 比较until和till 此两个连词意义相同。肯定形式表示的意思是"做某事直至某时"，动词必须是延续性的。否定形式表达的意思是"直至某时才做某事"。动词为延续性或非延续性都可以。 正确使用这两个连词的关键之一就在于判断句中的动词该用肯定式还是否定式。 　 　 肯定句： I slept until midnight. 我一直睡到半夜时醒了。 Wait till I call you.　 等着我叫你。　 　 否定句： 　 She didn't arrive until 6 o'clock. 　 她直到6点才到。 　 Don't get off the bus until it has stopped. 　 公共汽车停稳后再下车。 　 I didn't manage to do it until you had explained how.　 直到你教我后，我才会做。 1)Until可用于句首，而till通常不用于句首。 Until you told me, I had heard nothing of what happened. 　　直到你告诉我以前，出了什么事我一点也不知道。　 注意：否定句可用另外两种句式表示。 (1）Not until …在句首，主句用倒装。 　　Not until the early years of the 19th century did man know what heat is. 　　直到19 世纪初，人类才知道热能是什么。 　　Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wasted. 　 直到我开始工作，我才认识到了我已蹉跎了几多岁月。 2.原因状语从句because , since , as , for,辨析 　because 用来回答why ，是别人不知道的原因,语气最强，表达直接原因。 as， for 用来对某一个问题作进一步的补充说明，说明一下对前面提到的某个事情的原因。 比如：I will buy a new pair of shoes, for I will enter an interview. since用来表示显而易见的原因， Since everyone is here, let's begin our meeting。 since放在句首， for放在主句后面 We didn't know what to do as we were just visiting there. 我们不知道该怎么办,因为当时我们仅仅在那里作访问。 now that也可以引导原因状语从句, You ought to have a good rest now that you've finished the work. 既然已完成了工作,你就应该好好休息一下。 3.地点状语从句 　地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。 　　Where I live there are plenty of trees. 　　我住的地方树很多。 　　Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 　 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 4.方式状语从句 　方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 1） as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后，但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首，这时as从句带有比喻的含义，意思是"正如…"，"就像"，多用于正式文体，例如： 　　As water is to fish, so air is to man. 　我们离不开空气，犹如鱼儿离不开水。 　Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds. 　正如打扫房屋一样，我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 2） as if, as though 　 两者的意义和用法相同，引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气，表示与事实相反，有时也用陈述语气，表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作"仿佛……似的"，"好像……似的"，例如： 　He looks as if (as though) he had been hit by lighting. 　他那样子就像被雷击了似的。 He talks as if he had been abroad. （与事实相反，谓语用虚拟语气。） 　It looks as if it’s gong to be warmer. （实现的可能性较大，谓语用陈述语气。） 5.目的状语从句 表示目的状语的从句可以由 such…that, so that, in order that, for fear that(以免；生怕，唯恐), in case（以防）等词引导，例如： You must speak louder so that /in order that you can be heard by all. He wrote the name down for fear that he should forget it. Better take more clothes in case the weather is cold. 6.结果状语从句 结果状语从句常由so… that 或 such…that引导，掌握这两个句型，首先要了解so 和 such与其后的词的搭配规律。 比较：so和 such 其规律由so与such的不同词性决定。such 是形容词，修饰名词或名词词组，so 是副词，只能修饰形容词或副词。 so 还可与表示数量的形容词many, few, much, little连用，形成固定搭配。 so foolish　　　 such a fool　　　　　　　 so nice a flower　such a nice flower　 　　 so many / few flowers　 such nice flowers　　　　 so much / little money such rapid progress　　　 so many people　 such a lot of people　 　 （　 so…that与such…that之间的转换既为 so与such之间的转换。 The boy is so young that he can't go to school. He is such a young boy that he can't go to school 7.条件状语从句 连接词主要有 if, unless, as/so long as, on condition that(条件是) 等。. if 引导的条件句有真实条件句和非真实条件句两种。非真实条件句已在虚拟语气中阐述。 unless = if not.　 Let's go out for a walk unless you are too tired. If you are not too tied, let's go out for a walk. I will go abroad on condition that my husband goes with me. 如果我丈夫能和我一起去, 我就出国。 8.让步状语从句 though, although, as(需倒装) 　注意： 当有though, although时，后面的从句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用 Although it's raining, they are still working in the field.　 　虽然在下雨，但他们仍在地里干活。 　He is very old, but he still works very hard.　 　虽然他很老，但仍然努力地工作。 Thought he is very old, yet he still works very hard. 注意以下句式： Old as he is, he works very hard. Although he is a child, he knows three foreign languages. Child as he is, he knows three foreign languages. Hard he tried, he failed again. 　Though the sore be healed, yet a scar may remain. 　伤口虽愈合，但伤疤留下了。 （谚语） "no matter +疑问词" 或"疑问词+后缀ever" 　　 No matter what happened, he would not mind. 　　 Whatever happened, he would not mind. no matter what = whatever 　　　　 no matter who = whoever 　　　　 no matter when = whenever 　　　　 no matter where = wherever 　　　　 no matter which = whichever 　　　　 no matter how = however 经典状语从句例子 状语从句 Unit 4 Test 2 However无论如何 7. They will never succeed, ____ hard they try. 31. ___ hard she tries, she can hardly avoid making mistakes in hr homework. 48. If we work with a strong will, we can overcome any difficulty, ___ great it is. 50.___late he is, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together. unless 如果不/除非 19.You will miss the train ___ you hurry up(if you won’t hurry up). 23.___he comes( if he doesn’t come, we won’t be able to go. 28. You may arrive in Beijing early ___ you mind taking the night train. not…until, until 15 We didn’t go home ___ we finished the work. 16.I’ll stay here ___ everyone else comes back. 22.I didn’t manage to do it ___ you had explained how. as表示although 的意思，使用倒装 10.Busy as he is(=although he is busy), he tried his best to help you. 32. Poor as it may be(=Although it may be poor), there is no place like home, wherever you may go. 40.Small as it is, the pen is a most useful tool. 20．When you red the book, you’d better make a mark where you have any questions.地点状语从句 49.After the war, a new school building was put up where there had once been a theater. 地点状语从句 21. We’d better hurry ___ it is getting dark. as 41.After the new technique was introduced, the factory produced twice as many tractors in 1998 as the year before. He had no sooner got home than it began to rain. No sooner had he got home than it began to rain. He had hardly got home when it began to rain. Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.