重金属汞对植物生理活动的影响和钙离子的拮抗作用

?47??? 2008?7? ??????(?????) ACTA SCIENTIARUM NATURALI UM UNIVERSITATIS SUNYAr I ' sENI VoL47 Sup． JuL 2008 重 金 属 汞 对 植 物 生 理 活 动 的 影 响 和 钙 离 子 的 拮 抗 作 用 + ? ?，???，???，???，???，? ?，??? (??????????????????????，????510275) ? ?：??????????????????。?????????????，??????????? ????????。?????????????。????????????????????。???? ????????????????。??????????????????，???????????? ??????。????????????????????，???????????????????? ?????????，??????????????????。 ???：??；?；??；?；?? ?????-Q143+．4 ?????：A ????：0529- 6579( 2008)SI - 0111- 03 ???????????，???????? ???????????????????。?? ??????????，??????????? ??????????????，??????。 ????????????，??????? ???????????，?????????? ?，???????????????????? ???。J，????????????????? ?????????，???????????? ??????????????????? ?H。J．?致???????至??。 ???????，?????、?????? ?????，???????????????? ?????????????????。???? ???????( 7．0=0．5％??????／／3= 0．5％???+?=0．5％?????)????? ??????????????、??????? ??????????????，??????? ???????????????。 1????? 1．1???? ??( Or yza sa t i va Li nn)???????? ???????。??(?i ??ol eracea L)? ??( Al l i um t uberosum Rot t l． )??????。 1．2???? 1．2．1 ?????????l q' C?????? ???????????????????。 ???????，???????????， ????=0．5％????????=0．5％??? +0．5％????????24 h。??????? ???24 h。????????，???=1％ r I TI ’C??，??????，????16 h，?? ?????，?????????????。 1．2．2 ?????????? ??????? ?????????????????????? ???。 ??????????1．O=0．5％????? ??W=0．5％???+1I J=0．5％??????? ?24 h。??????????24 h。?3??? ????1 g，??????????，???? ?????，?20 mL???，???????? ??。????????。???3?，???? 3?????????2 mL，???8 mL，?= 0．1％2，6?????哚??5?6?，??，? ???0．5 h，????。 1．2．3????????????????? ???????，??5?8 em???。???? ????????，????? ' t O=0．5％??? ????，?????t‘，=0．5％????+t l，= 0．5％??????，??24 h，??????? ????24 h。??，??，??????? [ 6] 。 ?????：2008?02?05 ????：??????????????????( J0630652) ；??????????? ( 200523)；???? ????????(YJ2006008) ；???????????????(KF200714) ????：??( 1986??)，?，???；?????：???；E?mai l ：heym@mai L sysu．edu． cn 112 ??????(?????) ?47? 2????? 2．1 1Tr C??????????? ????????????W=1％Tr c?? ???，????1TrC??????????致。 ?????TI' C??????，???W=0．5％ ?????????????????????， ?=0．5％???+W=0．5％????????? ????????????????。????1 ??。 ?1 ?????????TTc?? (????：????，?=0．5％???+?=0．5％ ?????，?=O．5％??????) 2．2???????????? ??????????????5 mi n??? ??2．6????????????，W=0．5％? ??+W=0．5％?????????????9 mi n?????2．6????????????， ?=0．5％??????????????2．6?? ?????????，?30 mi n??????? ???。????2，3。 ?2，3????????????????， ??????????????????。 ?2 ??????4rai n??????????? (????：?=0．5％???+?=0．5％?????； ????；?=0．5％??????) ?3??????6r ai n??????????? (????：?=0．5％???+?=0．5％?????， ????，?=0．5％??????) 2．3 ?????????? ????????????????。W= 0．5％???+?=0．5％????????? 7．2％o(P<0．01)，???????、???? ?、????????????。?=0．5％?? ???????28．18％o(P<0．01)，????? ??????。????，?=0．5％????? ?????????。I．I／=0．5％???+?= 0．5％????????????????，?? ????????????????。 3?? ???????????，??????W= 0．5％??????W=0．5％???+W=0．5％? ???????????。?r?C?????? ????，????????、????、?? ?，??????"J。???????，?37? ????????????。????????? ??，??????????，??????，? ?????????????，??????? 2．6??????????，????????? ???。?????????????。。 ??????，???????、????、 ???????????????。?????? ?????????????，???????? ??????????，??????????? ????????。???????????? ?，???，???????????????? ????J。???????????????? ???????????，???????。?? ???????????????????DNA ?????????，?????????，?? ????????H’9?1| 。?????????? ??????????????????sH?? ?? ???：??????????????????????? 113 ?，?????????????????【9’12 J。 ???????????????????。 ????????：????????????? ?，?????????；?????????? ????；?????????。??????? ???????????????，????? ?，??????【) ( ????????????? ?????????????，???????。 ???????????????：???? ??，????，???。?????????? ??，????，???????，?????? ??3| 。???????????????，?? ?????，??????。????????? ???????????????，?????? ??????????，??????????? ??????，?????????。 ????： 【2] [ 3] ???，???，GERARD BURKARD．?????? ??????[ J ]．????，1999，41( 5)：453? 457． ZHANGYuxi u，CHA I Tuanyao，GERARD BURKARD． Re sea rc h adva nce s on t he mechani sms of heavy t ol er anc e i n pl ant s [J] ．Ac t a Bot ani c a Si ni c a，1999，41(5) ：453? 457． ???．?????????[M]?2?．??：? ??????，1990：154?155． ???，???．??????????????? ??????????????[ J]．????， 1995．37(1)：14?24． DUAN Chanqun，WANG Huanj i ao．Cyt og enet i cal t oxi cal ef fect s of heavy met al s on VIC I AFABAand i nqui r es i n? t o t he vici ami cr onucl eus[ J ]．Acta Bot ani c a Sinic a， 1995，37(1) ：14?24． 『4] FOXCD．CHANGEYRLWHI TEM C．The physi 01． ogy of met a l t oxic i ty i n pl ant s[J ] ．Ann Rev pl ant Phys? i ol ，1978，29：511?566． 『5 1 VANASSCHE FKCUSTERS H．Ef f ec t s of met al on en． zyme act i vi ty i n pl ant s I J I．Pl ant Cel l Envi r on，1990． [ 6] ???，???．?????????[ M]．??：? ????，2004． [ 7] ???，???，???．?????????[ M]． ??：???????????．2004． [ 8] ???，???，???．??????????? ??????????[ J ]．??????????， 1994(4)：216?217． LIUGuangshen，ZENGYi qi ang，HONGYet ang．The i r a? por t an t meaning of r esear ch about t he t r ansf er ence and en? r i chment of mer cury i n t he Ter res t r i al ec osyst ems『J]． Bul l et i n of Miner al ogy，1994，( 4) ：216?217． [ 9] ???，???．??????????????? ?[ J ]．??????，1997，17( 4)；537?541． LI Qingf ang，MA Chengcang．The e ff ect of mer cury on se ed vi gour and ger mi na t i on me t a bol i s m of wheat [ J] ． Ac t a Bot ani ca Bor ea l i ?Occi dent a l i a Si n i ca，1997，17 (4)：537?541． [ 10] ???，???，??．cd、Pb?????2??? ????????????????????[ J ]． ??????，2002，22(3)：597?601． ZHAO Fengyi ，ZHAI Luxi n，CHEN Qua．．Ef f ect under combined t r e at ment of cadmi umand l ead on t he i r di st r i? but i on and physi ol ogi c al i ndi cat i ons J】．Ae t a Bot ani c a Bor eal i ?Occi dent al i a Si ni c a，2002，22(3)：597?601． [ 1 1] CHAR RAVARTY B．Sri va st avas．Toxco t y of $OFf l ．e he avy met a l s i n vi vo and i n vit r o in Hel i ant has annus[ J 1．Mut a t i on Re s，1992，283( 3)：287?294． [ 12] ZHAN GYXKYANGXL The t oxi c ef fect s of cadom? ron on ce l l di vi si on and chr omal morphol ogy of Hor deum- vul gar e [J] ．Mut at i on Res，1994，312( 2)：121?126． [ 13] ???．?????[ M]．??：?????，2003． The Ef f ect s of Heavy Ment al Mer cur y on t he Pl ant’S Physi ol ogi cal Act i vi t y and t he Ant agoni st i c Ef f ect of Cal ci umI on L／Ti an，XIAOSu?qin，WU Yan- f ei ，WANGXi ao?qing，ZHU Ji a?mei，LIU Di e，HE Yan?mi ng ( School of Li f e Sci ences，Sun Ya t?se n Uni ver s i t y，Guangzhou 5 1 0275，Chi na) Abst r act：Mer cur y has a se r i ous ef f ect on a l l aspect s of pl an t’S physi ol ogi cal act i vi t y．Most of t he mer cur y t he pl ant s have absorbed i s accumul at ed i n t he r adi c l e，as a r esu l t of t he combi nat i on of mer cur y and t he pr ot ei n f r om r adi c l e，as s t udy shows．Hg cal l caus e chromosome mut at i ons．The mer c ur y t hat i s concent r at ed and st ore d i n t he cr ops can j eopar di ze human hea l t h and sa fe t y．Li ght hydrar gyri sm can be t r ea t e d ef f ect i vel y by t aki ng i n f ood r i c h i n cal ci um．Thi s paper f ocus es on mer cur y’S se r i OUS ef f e ct on pl an t’S body cel l s and germ cel l s，and exami nes t he ef f e ct s whi ch cal ci um i ons have on t r e at i ng Hg’s har m t ' o pl ant s．Hg has a se r i ous ef f ect on pl ant ’S body cel l s and ger m cel l s as wel l；cal ci um i ons’ant agoni st i c ef f e ct on l e aves cel l s and ge rmcel l s ar e qui t e ef f ect i ve aga i nst mer cu- ry’S harm，but no 80 ef f ect i ve as t o t he ra di cl e ce l l s． Key wor ds：pl ant ；mer cur y；harm；cal ci um；ant agoni s t i c ef f ect