小学英语语法PPT课件

nullnull 小学英语语法null1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es， 如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3．以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries名词复数规则null 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es， 如：knife-knives       leaf——leaves   5．不规则名词复数： man-men, woman-women, child-children；foot-feet；tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese null写出下列各词的复数 I _____him ______ this _______ her _____ watch ___ child ____photo ______diary _____day______ foot_____ book_____ dress ____ tooth____ sheep ____ box_____ strawberry __ thief _____you _____ peach___ sandwich ___man_____ woman___ paper_____ juice_____water_____ milk______ rice______ tea______ null 一般现在时基本用法介绍 一般现在时的功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如：I get up at six every day.我天天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时null一般现在时的构成 1. be动词：主语 be (am, is, are) 其它。如： I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语 行为动词( 其它)。如：  We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时，要在动词 后加“-s”或“-es” 如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。null一般现在时的变化 1. be动词的变化。   否定句：主语 be not 其它。 如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。   一般疑问句：Be 主语 其它。   如：-Are you a student?   -Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.   特殊疑问句：疑问词 一般疑问句。 如：Where is my bike? 讲义共享 null 2.行为动词的变化。 否定句：主语 don‘t( doesn’t ) 动词原形( 其它)。 如： I don't like bread. 当主语为第三人称单数，用doesn‘t构成否定句 如：He doesn't often play. 一般疑问句：Do( Does ) 主语 动词原形 其它。 如- Do you often play football?   - Yes, I do. / No, I don't. 当主语为第三人称单数，要用does构成一般疑问句 - 如 -Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.null  动词 s的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s， 如：cook-cooks, milk-milks  2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es， 如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes   3．以“辅音字母 y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es， 如study-studies null一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数 drink ______ go _______ stay ____ make ______ look ______ have_______ pass_____ carry ____ 二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。 1. He often ________(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One. 3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup? 6. _______ your parents ______(read) newspapers every day? 7. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays. 8. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.null三、按照 要求 对教师党员的评价套管和固井爆破片与爆破装置仓库管理基本要求三甲医院都需要复审吗 改写句子 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ 3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答) ___________________________  4. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句) ___________________________________________________ 五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上) 1. Is  your brother speak English?      __________________ 2. Does he likes going fishing?          _________________ 3. He likes play games after class.      _________________ 4. Mr. Wu teachs us English.             __________________ 5. She don’t do her homework on Sundays. _______________ null现在进行时1、现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。 2、现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be 动词ing. 3、现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4、现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句 首。 5、现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为： 疑问词+be动词+主语+doing+其它？ 但疑问词当主语时其结构为：   疑问词+be动词+doing+其它?null 动词加ing的变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加ing， 如：cook-cooking 2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing， 如：make-making, taste-tasting 3．假如末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母， 双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing如：run-running, stop-stoppingnull现在进行时专项练习： 一、写出下列动词的现在分词： run_______ swim _______make______ begin______ go________ like________  write______ shop ______have ______sing  ______dance ______put________ see_______ love_______ live_______ take________ come _____  get _______stop_______ sit ________ 二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空： 1.The boy _________________( draw) a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _____( sing) in the classroom . 3. My mother ________( cook )some nice food  now. 4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now? 5. Look . They __________( have) an English lesson . null三、句型转换： 1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________ 2．The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) ____________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________null一般将来时一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及 打算、计划或预备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day (week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。   二、基本结构：①be going to do；②will do. 三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）l后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。 例如：I’m going to have a picnic this afternoon.→ I’m not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑问句： be或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。 例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. → Are you going to go on an outing this weekendnull五、对划线部分提问。一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。 1、问人。Who 例如：I’m going to New York soon. →Who’s going to New York soon. 2、问干什么。What … do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this   afternoon. →What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3、问什么时候。When.例如：She’s going to go to bed at nine. →When is she going  to bed? 六、同义句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. null 练习：填空。 1.  我打算明天和朋友去野炊。 I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends. I ________ have a picnic with my friends. 2. 下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。 What ________ ________ _________ _________ ______next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.（同义句 3. 你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。 _____ your mother _____ ____ go shopping this _______? Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit. 4. 你们打算什么时候见面。 What time ______ you ______ ________ meet?null用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. Today is a sunny day. We __ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _________(go) to Shanghai next week. 3.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike. 4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually ________ (watch) TV and ___________(catch) insects? 5.It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She _________ (watch) TV and __________ (catch) insects. null 一般过去时 1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或 存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。 2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化： ⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was（was not=wasn’t） ⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren’t） 3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子 否定句：didn’t 动词原形， 如：Jim didn’t go home yesterday.null动词过去式变化规则： 1．一般在动词末尾加-ed，如：work- -worked ,  2．结尾是e加d，如：live--lived 3．末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加-如：stop-stopped  4．以“辅音字母 y”结尾的，变y为i， 再加-ed，如：study-studiednull5．不规则动词过去式：  am、is-was, are-were, do-did see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat null 一、 用动词的适当形式填空 1. It ______ (be) Ben’s birthday last Friday. 2. We all ______ (have) a good time last night. 3. He ________ (jump) high on last Sports Day. 4. Helen ________ (milk) a cow on Friday. 5. She likes ______ newspapers, but she _____a book yesterday. (read) 6. _______ they ________ (sweep) the floor on Sunday? No, they _____. 7. I _______ (watch) a cartoon on Monday.null六、形容词和副词的比较级复习及练习 一、形容词的比较级 1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用 more, a little 来修饰表示程度。than后的人称代词用主格（口语中可用宾格）。 2．形容词加er的规则： ⑴一般在词尾加er ； ⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ； ⑶以1元音字母和1辅音字母结尾，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ； ⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er 。null 3、不规则形容词比较级：good-better, beautiful- more beautiful   二、副词的比较级 1．形容词与副词的区别 (有be用形，有形用be；有动用副，有副用动) ⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后 ⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后 2．副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同 (不规则变化：well-better，far-farthernull一、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级   short________ strong______   big_____  small_______   fat_________   thin_________ heavy____   light________   nice________  good_______   beautiful_______________   low_________ high________  slow_______  fast________   late_________ early________  far_________ well_______ 二、根据句意填入单词的正确形式： 1. My brother is two years __________(old) than me. 2. Tom is as ________(fat) as Jim. 3. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes, she is. 4. Who is ___________(thin), you or Helen? Helen is.null5.______Nancy sing _____(well) than Helen? Yes, she ___. 6.Fangfang is not as ____(tall) as the other girls. 7.My eyes are __________(big) than _____ (she) 8.Who gets up _________(early), Tim or Tom? 9._____the girls get up ______(early) than the boys? No, they______.null三、翻译句子： 1、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。 _______ is _______than Jim？  ______ are 2.我喜欢游泳。我所有的朋友都游得比我慢。 I like ___.All my____  ____  _____than me. 3、谁的铅笔更长，他的还是她的？我想是她的。 ________pencil is _________,______or ________？________is, I think. 4.我母亲比我父亲年纪小。 My_____    _____   ______than my ______. 5.多做运动，你会更强壮。 ____ more exercise, you’ll ____ ____soon. nullThere be 句型与have, has的区别 1、There be 句型表示：在某地有某人/物 2、在there be 句型中，主语是单数，be 动词用is ; 主语是复数，be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品，be 动词根据最近be 动词的那个名词决定。 3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。 4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别：there be表示在某地有某人/物；have(has)表示某人拥有某物。null5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用some 用于肯定 ，any用于否定句或疑问句。 6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用：and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。 7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：  How many + 名词复数 + are there + 介词短语？  How much + 不可数名词 + is there + 介词短语？ 8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是：    What’s + 介词短语nullFill in the blank with “have, has”or “there is , there are” 1. I ________ a good father and a good mother. 2. ____________a telescope on the desk. 3. He_________ a tape-recorder. 4. ____________a basketball in the playground. 5. She__________ some dresses. null人称代词和物主代词 1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。 2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。  null　人称代词和物主代词 主格 宾格 形容词性 名词性  I me my mine   you you your yours   he him his his   she her her hers   it it its its  we us our ours  they them their theirs null用所给词的适当形式填空。 1. That is not _____kite. That kite is very small, but ____is very big.  ( I ) 2. The dress is ____. Give it to _____( she )         3. ___is my brother. ___ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are___ ( he ) 4. I can find my toy, but where’s ______? ( you ) 5. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)null用am，is，are填空。 1. That ______ my red skirt. 2. Who ______ I? 3.The jeans ______ on the desk. 4. The black gloves ______  for Su Yang. 5. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling. 6. The two cups of milk _____ for me. 7. Some tea ______ in the glass. 专业成就卓越 领航锦绣前程专业成就卓越 领航锦绣前程更多精品学习资料请访问周老师的英语博客：http://zhoujingdan.blog.sohu.com/