SY-T 5435-2003-定向井轨道设计与轨迹计算

ICS 75.020 E 13 备案号:11559-2003 SY 中华人民共和国石油天然气行业标准 SY/T 5435-2003 中文/English 代替SY/I' 5435-2000, SY/I' 6090-94 定向井轨道设计与轨迹计算 Wellpath design&trajectory calculation for directional drilling 2003一03一18发布 2003一08一01实施 国家经济贸易委员会 发 布 SY汀 5435-2003 目 次 前言 ··················································································································⋯⋯ m 1 范围 ···············································································································⋯⋯ 1 2 术语和定义 ············································································........················.·⋯⋯ 1 3 参数的符号 ············································································。·························⋯⋯ 2 4轨道设计原则及设计条件····················································，···...........⋯⋯，........⋯⋯ 2 4.1 轨道设计原则 ·····································································........................⋯⋯2 4.2 轨道设计条件 ···············································，·····················...····.............·.·..⋯⋯2 5 轨道设计 方法 快递客服问题件处理详细方法山木方法pdf计算方法pdf华与华方法下载八字理论方法下载 ···············································································..........·····⋯⋯ 2 5.1 基本换算关系·····································································.........................⋯⋯2 5.2 设计模型 ··························································································，··········⋯⋯ 3 5.3 约束方程 ·····································································································⋯⋯4 5.4 输出格式 ···········································································..........··......⋯⋯，··⋯ 4 6 二维典型轨道设计 ··································································.·.....................⋯⋯4 6.1 关键参数的计算 ····························································································⋯⋯4 6.2 轨道节点数据的计算 ·······················、·····································..........····...........⋯⋯5 6.3 轨道分点数据的计算 ·····································································..···········.....⋯⋯5 7三维绕障轨道设计 ···········································，························.....···········....··⋯⋯6 7.1水平投影设计 ································，·····························································⋯⋯6 7.2垂直剖面设计 ····································································，·····.···················⋯ ⋯7 7.3轨道节点数据的计算 ···································································.................⋯⋯7 7.4 井眼曲率校核 ·······························································································⋯⋯8 7.5 轨道分点数据的计算 ·····················································································.⋯⋯8 8 轨迹计算 ·········································································································⋯⋯8 8.1 规定 ···········································································································⋯⋯8 8.2测段数据的计算 ····························································································⋯⋯8 8.3测点数据的计算 ················································································.....·······⋯⋯9 8.4人靶数据的计算 ·························································································⋯⋯9 8.5 输出格式 ······································································································⋯⋯9 8.6 绘图 ············································································································⋯⋯9 附录A(规范性附录)参数的符号··········································································⋯⋯ 10 附录B(规范性附录)轨道设计及轨迹计算输出格式···················································一 12 附录C(规范性附录)轨道形状图和轨迹图·······························································⋯⋯ 14 图C.1 直线模型 ································································································⋯⋯ 14 图C.2 圆柱螺线模型 ·····················································，··················................⋯⋯ 14 图C.3 圆弧模型 ·······························································································⋯⋯ 巧 图C.4 三段制轨道 ·····························································································⋯⋯巧 图C.5 五段制轨道 ···································································..........··············.⋯⋯ 15 图C.6 双增轨道 ································································································⋯⋯16 SY/P 5435-2003 图C.7三维绕障轨道的水平投影·······················································、···················⋯⋯16 图C.8 轨迹图 ···············································································.....·.·············⋯⋯ 17 表A.1参数的符号 ·····························································································⋯⋯10 表A.2 下标说明 ································································································⋯⋯11 表B.1 x x x井轨道设计数据表 ·················································⋯⋯、.................⋯⋯ 12 表B.2 x x x井轨迹计算数据表 ·························································..............·..⋯⋯13 表B.3 x x x井中靶数据表 ·················································································⋯⋯13 SY/I' 5435- 2003 前 言 本标准代替SY/I' 5435-2000《定向井轨道设计与轨道绘图》和SY/I' 6090-94《水平井二维轨 道设计方法》。 本标准对SY/I' 5435-2000和SY/I' 6090-94进行了整合修订，主要变化如下: — 对部分术语和定义进行了修订; — 增加了定向井三维轨道设计方法; — 轨迹计算方法规定为最小曲率法和圆柱螺线法。 本标准的附录A、附录B、附录C为规范性附录。 本标准由石油钻井 工程 路基工程安全技术交底工程项目施工成本控制工程量增项单年度零星工程技术标正投影法基本原理 专业标准化委员会提出并归口。 本标准起草单位:胜利石油管理局钻井工程技术公司。 本标准主要起草人:刘汝山、周跃云、刘修善、韩志勇、胡文、李小群、陈维荣、邱维清、任玉 芹。 本标准所代替标准的历次版本发布情况为: - SY/I' 5435-2000; — SY/r 6090-940 本标准以中文和英文两种文字出版。当英文与中文两种版本有歧义时，以中文版本为准。 SY/P 5435-2003 定向井轨道设计与轨迹计算 范围 本标准规定了定向井二维和三维轨道设计与轨迹计算。 本标准适用于石油天然气钻井的二维和三维定向井轨道设计与轨迹计算。 2 术语和定义 下列术语和定义适用于本标准。 轨道 wellpath 设计的井眼轴线。 2.2 轨迹 well trajectory 实钻的井眼轴线。 2.3 二维足问并 two-dimensional directional well 设计轨道在同一铅垂平面内的定向井。 2.4 三维足问并 three-dimensional directional well 设计轨道不在同一铅垂平面内的定向井。 2.5 绕障足问并 3D detouring obstacles well 绕过障碍物钻达目标点的定向井。 2.6 靶区 target~ 要求轨迹在目的层中的控制范围。 2.7 水平投那长度 horizontal curvilinear length 轨迹在水平面上投影的曲线长度。 2.8 节点 key point 设计轨道上不同井段的分界点。 2.9 分点 interpolate point 相邻节点间的计算点。 2.10 三段制轨道 ‘`J0 -type wellpath 自井口至靶点，依次为直井段、增斜段、稳斜段的轨道。 2.11 SY/T 5435- 2003 双增轨道 double build-up type wellpath 具有两个增斜段且两段之间夹有一稳斜段的轨道。 2.12 五段制轨道 ‘'s,，-type wellpath 自井口至靶点，依次为直井段、增斜段、稳斜段、降斜段、稳斜段的轨道。 2.13 闭合方位角 closure azimuth 井眼轨道或轨迹上某点相对于井口的方位角。 2.14 视平移 vertical section 水平位移在设计方位线所在铅垂面上的投影。 2.15 入靶点 entry point 实钻轨迹与靶区的交点。 3 参数的符号 轨道设计与轨迹计算参数的符号及下标说明见附录Ao 4 轨道设计原则及设计条件 4.1 轨道设计原则 轨道设计应遵循以下原则: — 满足勘探开发的要求; — 满足下井管柱强度的要求; — 选择形状简单、易于施工的轨道; — 设计参数的选取，应考虑到地质构造和工具特性等因素的影响。 4.2 轨道设计条件 地质设计给定的井口坐标和各靶点坐标，以及对轨道设计的要求。 5 轨道设计方法 5.1 基本换算关系 5.1.1 N，和E，与C，和0，之间的换算: C,=丫N2+E E tand = 又下 iv, N,=C,coSB, E,=C,sinO, 5.1.2 5.1.3 5.1.4 为 : 曲率与曲率半径之间的换算: R_5400 7C/C 对于二维轨道设计，S二Co 使用直井钻机时，造斜点以上设计成垂直井段。使用斜井钻机时，a,=,-0，主要参数间的关系? D。= Lacosa? SY/C 5435-2003? Sa=Lesinaa 5.2 设计模型 5.2.1 二维设计模型 二维轨道设计模型主要有直线模型和圆弧模型，也可以采用悬链线等变曲率模型。 5.2.1.1 直线模型 轨道在设计铅垂面内为一稳斜段，主要计算公式为: 一 a;= ai-1 △D，=△L;cosa; AS;=AL; sina; 5.2.1.2圆弧模型 轨道在设计铅垂面内为一圆弧段，主要计算公式为: a;一a:-1+180 x要 △D‘ ASi 5.2.2三维设计模型 三维轨道设计模型主要有直线模型、 5.2.2.1 直线模型 共 轨道为一段直线，见附录C图C.1. =R; (sina‘一sina,_1) =R;(cosa;_:一coca;) .-.....········............... (12) ⋯ ，，，，，，二，，..、·，·⋯(13) 圆柱螺线模型和圆弧模型。 主要计算公式为: △D;=AL;cosa;_1 AN;=4L; sina; _1 cczA-i DE,二LlLj sina;-jsin7"(-1 .......................... (14) .............................. (15) .......................... (16) 5.2.2.2 国柱螺线模型 轨道在垂直剖面图和 公式为 : 镌蘸鬓摹肇漏 圆攀辫斌豁漏为常数，见附录C图C.2。主要计算 OD,=Ryi (sina‘一sina,-1) AN;=R11; (sin"‘一sinO;-1) AE，二RH,(oosO;_1一coso,) 其 中 : a*一‘-1+180x念 再= 0,-1+180 x 在实际应用中，应考1IA巍鑫元神特殊N: 二.............................(20) ........................ (21) a)当‘vi =0和‘Iii =o st, LD，LN和AE;按式((14)一式(16)计算。 b)当Kvi -0和‘Hi -A0时: △D，=△从cosai一 1 0;=0;-,+180 xOLisinai-1 nRHi (22) (23) 4Ni和△E、按式(18)一式(19)计算。 c)当‘vi-A。和‘Hi = 0时: ON;=Rv(。 。-1一cosai)cosO; (24) SY/T 5435- 2003 DE;=Rvi(cosai，一cosai)sin人-1 ...........................(25) AD;按式 (17)计算。 5.2.2.3 回弧模型 轨道为一斜面圆弧，即K、为常数，见附录C图C.3。主要计算公式为: AD;=$,cosa;-，一Zi slnai-l coswi-1 ........................ (26) AN,=}i(cosai-lcosoi一 lcoswi一 1一sink-1sinwi一 1)+#,sinw*一，cosoi-1 ...... (27) AE;=}a (cosa、一，slnOi-1cosw、一，+cos$、一，sinw*一;)+$i sins一:sin我一; ...... (28) 其中: Ei=Ri(1一cose) 价=Ri sine, △L e = 18UX 一下干 n找f 5.3 5.3 5.3 约束方程 设计的轨道可以是上述模型所描述井段的组合。 1 二 维设计 乙OD;=D:一Do 艺ASi=S、一So 2 三维设 计 艺ONi=N。一No i= 1 艺AE;=Et一Eo 泣三1 艺OD;=D:一Do 1=1 5.4 输出格式 5.4.1轨道设计计算结果按附录B表B.1的格式打印或填写。 5.4.2按附录B表B.1的参数绘制设计轨道的垂直投影图和水平投影图。 6 二维典型轨道设计 三段制轨道、五段制轨道和双增轨道图示见附录C图C.4、图C5和图C.6. 6.1 关键参数的计算 ? tanatan 2- △L- D。一丫De+Se一Re R。一Se =%/ De+SQ一Re (38) 当RQ二S。时: 加nabra*, -=SQ 一 Z DQ AL,= De 对于三段制轨道: =D,一De+Rlsinaa =S,一S。一R l cosae .......................................... (39) .......................................... (40) ................................. (41) ................................. (42) ? ?? SYPr 5435- 2003 Re=R1 ..........................................(43) 对于双增轨道: D。二D，一D。一△Dd,+Rlsina。一Rysina, .....................(44) Se=S，一S。一△Sd:一Ricosaa+RZcosa, .....................(45) Re=R，一RZ .......................................(46) 对于五段制轨道，计算公式同式 (44)一式 (46)，但R:取负值。 其中，五段制轨道和双增轨道的△Dd?ASdt, ADd和△S,i的计算公式为: ODd,二△Ld,cosa, OSd,=OLd,sina, AD,t=OL,fcosa, AS,f=OL,fsina, 6.2 轨道节点数据的计算 6.2.1第一增斜段终点 :、一:。+_1180 X二*I(a、一。) Db=De+Rl(sinab一sinaa) Sb=Se+R, (cosa。一cosab) 6.2.2 第二增斜段或降斜段始点 Le=Lb+AL, Dc=Db+AL,,cosab S,=Sb+OL,slnab 6.2.3 第二增斜段或降斜段终点 Ld一Lc+揣x rzR2(a，- ab) Dd=Dc+R2(sina，一sinab) Sd=S,+R2(cosab一cowl ) ........................... (52) .........................(53) ··................................... (54) ................................. (55) ................................. (56) ....................... (57) ........................... (58) .......................... (59) 6.2.4 靶点 ? L,=Ld+AL& 6.2.5 轨道终点 Lf=L,+AL f .......................................(61) Df=Dt十△D f .......................................(62) Sf=S,+Astf .......................................(63) 6.3 轨道分点数据的计算 6.3.1从造斜点开始，以井深为自变量，选定步长，计算出分点数据。 6.3.2 井斜角、垂深、水平位移的计算。 a)第一增斜段: a;= a.+180 x(L，一Le) 7[R f =De+R 1(sinaj一sinae) =Sa+RI(cosae一。a; ) ........................... (64) ........................... (65) .......................... (66) ? ?? b)稳斜段: ? a;= ab SYPP 5435- 2003 =Db+(L;一Le =Sb+(L;一Le默 ................................. (68) ............................. (69) ? ? c)第二增斜段或降斜段: a;= ab+180 x(L，一L,) trR2 (70) =D,+R2 (sinaj一sinab) =S,+R2(cosab一cosa;) .............................. (71) .......................... (72) ? ? d)人靶井段: ? Dj=Dd 乓=Sd a;= +( Lj 十(乌 一Ld)cosa, 一Ld)sina, .............................. (74) ............···........... (75) e)终靶以下井段: ai二 a, =D。十(乌一Lt)cosat =St+(乌一L,)sina, ···············......................... (76) ·.............................. (77) .............................. (78) .......................................... (79) ...................................... (80) ? ? 6.3.3 N坐标和E坐标: =S;cosoo =S; sin0p ? ? 7 三维绕障轨道设计 7.1 水平投影设计 7.1.1 换算关系 Ce=V Ng+E孟 (81) tanOg一E.N, (82)7.1.2 绕障必要性判断 如附录C图C.7所示，如果将石ON坐标系绕井口点顺时针旋转么渔度，使N轴通过目标点t 而建立新的坐标系XOY，则: 如果0Sd时: Lp=Ld+Sp一Sd (102) Dp=Dd+Sp一Sd tana, (103) 节点Q的参数计算方法与节点p相同，见式 (92)一式 (103)0 SY/r 5435-2003 7.4 井眼曲率校核 ‘=了kV+k,2H·sinla .................................(104 ) 当‘大于井眼曲率的限定值时，应增大绕障半径R,，重复上述设计过程。 7.5 轨道分点数据的计算 7.5.1井斜角、垂深、水平投影长度的计算方法见6.3.20 7.5.2井斜方位角、N坐标和E坐标的计算见式 (105)一式 (113)0 当SSQ时: 9;=00+qAO 凡=NQ+(导一SQ)cos丸 E;=EQ+( S;一SQ)sinO; (111) (112) (113) 8 轨迹计算 8.1 规定 对轨迹计算作以下规定: — 测点自上而下编号，i=1, 2, 3,⋯。 — 测段自上而下编号，i=1, 2, 3,⋯。第 i个测段指第i-1个测点与第 i个测点之间的测 段 。 — 井口为计算始点，直井钻机ao=0> Oo=价，;斜井钻机a。等于钻机导斜角，0。等于钻机导 斜方位角。 — 并斜方位角应进行磁偏角及子午线收敛角校正。 — 当测点的井斜角为零时，该测点井斜方位角的取值与该测段另一测点的井斜方位角相等。 — 当}0‘一笋‘一1 I <180% AO=0‘一0‘一1。当}声、一0、一1}> 1800时，AO二0‘一0*一1一sgn(O;- 人一1) x3600 当}人一0，一，}=1800时，AO的正负号按上测段方位变化趋势选取。 8.2 测段数据的计算 8.2.1段长和平均井眼曲率 OLi=L*一L._1 ....................................(114) K‘一“Ox众 (115) 其中: :、=。一‘[cosai_lcosai+sinai一,sinaicos(O;一0*一，)〕 ............... (116) 8.2.2 坐标增f 8.2.2.1 最小曲率法 SY/P 5435-2003 AD;=Ai(cosai_;+cosai) =1,. X jOu irAi AOi (sina_:+sina) tan(A";/2) =Ai (sinai _ l cos"i _ 1+sina, coso) =A i (sina; _; slnOi _;+sina; sin0; ) .............................. (117) ..................... (118) ........................ (119) ........................ (120) ? ? ? 其中: xi= 180 xAL;tan(e左) (121) 8.2.2.2 回柱螺线法 __ △a; KVi=.5u x云了 (122) 一30 x1 (180 △人 OLisina 当‘vi=0 x- rtA$i-v} ............... (123) cosai_;一cosa, AS*一ALi sinai _ tRvi(cosa 当‘vi笋0 当‘vi=0 当‘vi井0 ............... (124) AD,,△从 和△E‘按式 (17)一式 (25) 8.3 测点数据的计算 1一cosai) 计算。 D;=D;_1+AD, S;=St -l+AS; N;=N;_i+AN; E;=E;_1+AE C;=丫N子+E2 (129) _ 。_E; LQl1V‘一从 V,=C,cos(6o一6i) (130) (131) 8.4 入靶数据的计算 根据选定的轨迹计算方法，用插值法计算人靶点e的数据。 8.4.1 水平靶的靶心距 J=,/ (N，一Ne)2+(E，一E, )2 ........................(132) 8.4.2 铅垂靶的纵偏移和横偏移 H二D，一De .................................(133) W=(N:一Ne) sine一(Et一EQ)cos$， .....................(134) 8.5 输出格式 轨迹计算数据表按附录B表B.2和表B.3的格式打印或填写。 8.6 绘图 8.6.1 二维定向井轨迹可据附录B表B.2数据绘出垂直投影图和水平投影图，见附录C中图C.8o 垂直投影图的两个坐标是D和Va 8.6.2 三维定向井轨迹可据附录B表B.2数据绘出垂直剖面图、水平投影图和三维轨迹图。垂直剖 面图的两个坐标是D和5。 SY/T 5435- 2003 附 录 A (规范性附录) 参数的符号 表A.1和表A.2中给出了轨道设计与轨迹计算参数的符号及下标说明。 表A.1 参数的符号 序 号 符 号 名 称 单 位 1 L 井深 】1了 2 a 井斜角 (0) 3 0 井斜方位角 一卜 (0) 4 N N坐标 n 1 5 E E坐标 一 n 1 6 D 垂深 I1】 7 S 水平投形长度 】】1 8 C 水平位移(闭合i) 】】1 9 0 闭合方位角 (0) 10 V 视平移 m 11 △L 井谬jNik n 1 12 △a 4PAJO1 (.) 13 △o 4&IMAMA (.) 14 公N N盔就 l 」11 15 △E E }04F12 _ - m 16 仑刀 垂羁量 n 〕 17 AS 水平膨长度鳍量 ; 一 n1 18 △L? aitgM 轰 二_ 一、 撤 m 19 佑 ,#ORA* (’)/30m 20 Ky 垂蜘rKRII的曲率 一 (‘)/30m 21 KH 水平投影图上的曲率 _ (‘)乃0- 22 R 曲事半径 m 23 Rv 垂直部ira图上的曲率半径 n 1 24 R? 水平投影图上的曲率半径 m 25 R, 第一圆弧段的曲率半径 m 26 Rz 第二圆弧段的曲率半径 m 27 Rg 绕障半径 m 28 w 装置角 () 29 仁 弯曲角 (0) SY/I' 5435-2003 表A.1(续) 序 号 符 号 名 称 单 位 30 4 符号变量 31 I 水平靶的靶心距 n】 32 H 铅垂靶的纵偏移 n I 33 W 铅垂靶的横偏移 】】1 34 RQ 中间变量 n 1 35 DQ 中间变量 I11 36 SQ 中间变量 m 37 2 中间变量 】11 38 z 过渡坐标 】1】 39 Y 过渡坐标 n 1 40 f 过渡坐标 n 1 41 9 过渡坐标 m 42 g 过渡坐标 m 表A.2 下标说明 序 号 符 号 名 称 1 O 坐标原点 2 a 造斜点 3 b 第一圆弧段终点 4 c 第二圆弧段始点 5 d 第二圆弧段终点 6 c 靶点 7 f 轨道终点 8 8 障碍物中心点 9 P 三维绕障设计的扭方位始点 10 Q 三维绕障设计的扭方位终点 11 7 变量 12 7 变量 13 e 入靶点 SY汀 5435-2003 附 录 B (规范性附录) 轨道设计及轨迹计算输 出格式 表B.1给出了xxx井轨道设计数据 表格 关于规范使用各类表格的通知入职表格免费下载关于主播时间做一个表格详细英语字母大小写表格下载简历表格模板下载 式。 表B.2给出了xxx井轨迹计算数据表格式。 表B.3给出了xxx井中靶数据表格式。 表B.1 xxx井轨道设计数据表 卜底设计垂深: m井底水平位移: m 井底闭合方位角: (.) 靶 点 数 据 靶点名称 垂m深 N坐标 nI “m 靶区半径 111 纵m 044m 轨 道 节 点 数据 #Nm 缈 井斜方 位角 () JENm N坐标 n1 “m水平位移 n 1 井眼曲率(.)/30m 井斜变 化率 (0) /30m 方位变 化率 (。)/30m 靶点 名称 轨 道 分 点 数 据 m#9114(`) 井 斜 方位角 (.) m N坐标 工rl “m水平位移 In 视LLm移 闭 合 方位角 (0) 井眼曲率 (') /30m 井 斜 变化率 (.)/30m 方 位 变化率 (.)/30m SY/*P 5435- 2003 表B.2 XXX井轨迹计算数据表 计算方法: 序 号 m #0A(`) 井 斜 方位角 (0) 3XmN坐标 n 1 “m水平位移 n 1 视m 闭 合 方位角 (0) 井眼曲率 (“)/30- I 2 3 表B.3 XXX井中靶数据表 靶点名称 m m N坐标 】】】 ‘m 水平位移 m 闭合方位角 (.) *M,bEm fAiggm 横m A B C SY/T 5435-2003 附 录 C 走规范性附录) 轨道形状 图和轨迹 图 轨道形状图和轨迹图见图C.1一图C. So 0库一一一一一一E 图C.1 直线模型 (a)垂直剖面圈 (b)水平投影圈 图C.2 回柱蛆线模型 SY/T 5435-2003 n 口1 D. Rl D a 卜 图C.3 国弧模型 及 D 图C.4 三段制轨道 n D。 O, a. 口 口 卜 O, S D 图C.5 五段制轨道 15 SY/T 5435- 2003 图C.6 双增轨道 O了s Y ，气 图C.7 三维绕陈轨道的水平投影 SYPP 5435-2003 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 ? ? ? ? ? ， ? ? ??? ? ? ? ? ? ? ???? 。 (a)垂直投影图 2N2000 1500 1000 500 n Bo 500 In加 巧00 2000 (b)水平投影图 2500 3000 图C.8 轨迹图 17 ICS 75.020 E 13 Ref. No.:11559- 2003 SY The People’s Republic of China Standard of Petroleum and Natural Gas Industry SY/'T 5435-2003 Replace SY/I 5435-2000, SY/I' 6090-94 Wellpath design&trajectory calculation for directional drilling Issued Date: 03一18一2003 Implementation Date: 08一01一2003 Issued by the State Economic and Trade Commission, P.R.C SYPf 5435- 2003 Contents Foreword ············································································································⋯⋯ 23 1 Scope·········································································································⋯⋯ 24 2 Terms and definitions ······································。··············································⋯⋯ 24 3 The general symbols for parameters·································································....··⋯⋯25 4 Principles and conditions for wellpath design···································，·······················⋯⋯ 25 4.1 Wellpath design principles···············································································⋯⋯25 4.2 Wellpath design conditions···································································、··········⋯⋯25 5 Wellpath design method ······················································