LM337

����� Order this document by LM337/D Device Operating Temperature Range Package ORDERING INFORMATION LM337D2T LM337T Surface Mount Insertion Mount LM337BD2T LM337BT TJ = –40° to +125°C Surface Mount Insertion Mount TJ = 0° to +125°C SEMICONDUCTOR TECHNICAL DATA THREE–TERMINAL ADJUSTABLE NEGATIVE VOLTAGE REGULATOR Pin 1. Adjust 2. Vin 3. Vout T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A Heatsink surface connected to Pin 2. 3 1 2 D2T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 936 (D2PAK) Heatsink surface (shown as terminal 4 in case outline drawing) is connected to Pin 2. 3 1 2 1MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA ������������ � ������ ��� ����� ��� ���� ���� �� ���� ��� The LM337 is an adjustable 3–terminal negative voltage regulator capable of supplying in excess of 1.5 A over an output voltage range of –1.2 V to –37 V. This voltage regulator is exceptionally easy to use and requires only two external resistors to set the output voltage. Further, it employs internal current limiting, thermal shutdown and safe area compensation, making it essentially blow–out proof. The LM337 serves a wide variety of applications including local, on card regulation. This device can also be used to make a programmable output regulator, or by connecting a fixed resistor between the adjustment and output, the LM337 can be used as a precision current regulator. • Output Current in Excess of 1.5 A • Output Adjustable between –1.2 V and –37 V • Internal Thermal Overload Protection • Internal Short Circuit Current Limiting Constant with Temperature • Output Transistor Safe–Area Compensation • Floating Operation for High Voltage Applications • Eliminates Stocking many Fixed Voltages • Available in Surface Mount D2PAK and Standard 3–Lead Transistor Package Standard Application Vout � –1.25 V �1� R2 R1 � * Cin is required if regulator is located more than 4 inches from power supply filter. * A 1.0 µF solid tantalum or 10 µF aluminum electrolytic is recommended. ** CO is necessary for stability. A 1.0 µF solid tantalum or 10 µF aluminum electrolytic ** is recommeded. LM337 IPROG Cin* 1.0 µF + –Vin Vin Vout –Vout CO** 1.0 µF + IAdj R1 120 R2  Motorola, Inc. 1996 Rev 1 LM337 2 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA MAXIMUM RATINGS Rating Symbol Value Unit Input–Output Voltage Differential VI–VO 40 Vdc Power Dissipation Case 221A TA = +25°C PD Internally Limited W Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient θJA 65 °C/W Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case θJC 5.0 °C/W Case 936 (D2PAK) TA = +25°C PD Internally Limited W Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Ambient θJA 70 °C/W Thermal Resistance, Junction–to–Case θJC 5.0 °C/W Operating Junction Temperature Range TJ –40 to +125 °C Storage Temperature Range Tstg –65 to +150 °C ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (|VI–VO| = 5.0 V; IO = 0.5 A for T package; TJ = Tlow to Thigh [Note 1]; Imax and Pmax [Note 2].) Characteristics Figure Symbol Min Typ Max Unit Line Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V 1 Regline – 0.01 0.04 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3), TA = +25°C, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax|VO| ≤ 5.0 V|VO| ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload – – 15 0.3 50 1.0 mV % VO Thermal Regulation, TA = +25°C (Note 6), 10 ms Pulse Regtherm – 0.003 0.04 % VO/W Adjustment Pin Current 3 IAdj – 65 100 µA Adjustment Pin Current Change, 2.5 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IL ≤ Imax, PD ≤ Pmax, TA = +25°C 1, 2 ∆IAdj – 2.0 5.0 µA Reference Voltage, TA = +25°C, 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax, PD ≤ Pmax, TJ = Tlow to Thigh 3 Vref –1.213 –1.20 –1.250 –1.25 –1.287 –1.30 V Line Regulation (Note 3), 3.0 V ≤ |VI–VO| ≤ 40 V 1 Regline – 0.02 0.07 %/V Load Regulation (Note 3), 10 mA ≤ IO ≤ Imax |VO| ≤ 5.0 V|VO| ≥ 5.0 V 2 Regload – – 20 0.3 70 1.5 mV % VO Temperature Stability (Tlow ≤ TJ ≤ Thigh) 3 TS – 0.6 – % VO Minimum Load Current to Maintain Regulation (|VI–VO| ≤ 10 V) (|VI–VO| ≤ 40 V) 3 ILmin – – 1.5 2.5 6.0 10 mA Maximum Output Current |VI–VO| ≤ 15 V, PD ≤ Pmax, T Package|VI–VO| ≤ 40 V, PD ≤ Pmax, TJ = +25°C, T Package 3 Imax – – 1.5 0.15 2.2 0.4 A RMS Noise, % of VO, TA = +25°C, 10 Hz ≤ f ≤ 10 kHz N – 0.003 – % VO Ripple Rejection, VO = –10 V, f = 120 Hz (Note 4) Without CAdj CAdj = 10 µF 4 RR – 66 60 77 – – dB Long–Term Stability, TJ = Thigh (Note 5), TA = +25°C for Endpoint Measurements 3 S – 0.3 1.0 %/1.0 k Hrs. Thermal Resistance Junction–to–Case, T Package RθJC – 4.0 – °C/W NOTES: 1. Tlow to Thigh = 0° to +125°C, for LM337T, D2T. Tlow to Thigh = – 40° to +125°C, for LM337BT, BD2T. 2. Imax = 1.5 A, Pmax = 20 W 3. Load and line regulation are specified at constant junction temperature. Change in VO because of heating effects is covered under the Thermal Regulation specification. Pulse testing with a low duty cycle is used. 4. CAdj, when used, is connected between the adjustment pin and ground. 5. Since Long Term Stability cannot be measured on each device before shipment, this specification is an engineering estimate of average stability from lot to lot. 6. Power dissipation within an IC voltage regulator produces a temperature gradient on the die, affecting individual IC components on the die. These effects can be minimized by proper integrated circuit design and layout techniques. Thermal Regulation is the effect of these temperature gradients on the output voltage and is expressed in percentage of output change per watt of power change in a specified time. LM337 3MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Representative Schematic Diagram Figure 1. Line Regulation and ∆IAdj/Line Test Circuit * VOH VOL Line Regulation (%�V) � |VOL–VOH| |VOH| x 100 LM337 100 2.5k 2.0k 60 810 10k 15pF 800 2205.0k 75 0 60k 100k 18k 800 4.0k 6.0k 1.0k 9.6k 3.0k 2.2k 100 18k 21k 270 100pF 5.0pF 240 2.0 pF 250 8.0k 20k 100k 5.0k 0.2 15 600 2.9k 4.0k 500 2.4k 15 155 0.05 Vin 500 Adjust Vout 2.0k 25pF 15pF Cin 1.0 µF R2 1% CO + RLAdjust Vin Vout R1 120 1% VEE * Pulse testing required. 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. 1.0 µF VIH VIL IAdj This device contains 39 active transistors. 30k LM337 4 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Figure 2. Load Regulation and ∆IAdj/Load Test Circuit Figure 3. Standard Test Circuit Figure 4. Ripple Rejection Test Circuit VO (min Load) – VO (max Load) Cin 1.0 µF R2 1% R1 120 CO + RL(max Load) Adjust Vin –VI LM337 Vout * Pulse testing required. 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. Load Regulation (mV) = VO (min Load) – VO (max Load) Load Regulation (% VO) = x 100 IL IAdj 1.0 µF –VO (min Load) –VO (max Load) VO RL + 1.0 µFCO R1 120 1%R2 Cin Adjust Vin LM337 To Calculate R2: R2 = – 1 R1 This assumes IAdj is negligible. * Pulse testing required. * 1% Duty Cycle is suggested. VI IAdj Vref IL VO 1.0 µF Vout RL + 1.0 µFCO 1N4002D1* Cin 1%R2 Adjust Vin LM337 R1 120 14.3 V 4.3 V f = 120 Hz CAdj + Vout = –1.25 V * D1 Discharges CAdj if output is shorted to Ground. 1.0 µF 10µF Vout VO * VO (min Load) Vref Motorola reserves the right to make changes without further notice to any products herein. Motorola makes no warranty, representation or guarantee regarding the suitability of its products for any particular purpose, nor does Motorola assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any product or circuit, and specifically disclaims any and all liability, including without limitation consequential or incidental damages. “Typical” parameters which may be provided in Motorola data sheets and/or specifications can and do vary in different applications and actual performance may vary over time. All operating parameters, including “Typicals” must be validated for each customer application by customer’s technical experts. Motorola does not convey any license under its patent rights nor the rights of others. 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LM337 5MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Figure 5. Load Regulation Figure 6. Current Limit Figure 7. Adjustment Pin Current Figure 8. Dropout Voltage Figure 9. Temperature Stability Figure 10. Minimum Operating Current ∆ V o ut , OU TP UT VO LT AG E CH AN GE (% ) IL = 0.5 A IL = 1.5 AVin = –15 V Vout = –10 V I o ut , OU TP UT CU RR EN T ( A) TJ = 25°C , AD JU ST ME NT CU RR EN T ( Ad j µA ) I V i n ou t, IN PU T– OU TP UT VO LT AG E – V 1.0 A 500 mA 200 mA 20 mA Vout = –5.0 V ∆VO = 100 mV IL = 1.5 A V r ef , RE FE RE NC E VO LT AG E (V) , QU IES CE NT CU RR EN T ( mA ) BI TJ = 25°C DI FF ER EN TI AL (Vd c) 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 –0.8 –1.0 –1.2 –1.4 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0 80 75 70 65 60 55 50 45 40 3.0 2.5 2.0 1.5 1.0 1.27 1.26 1.25 1.24 1.23 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1.0 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 0 10 20 30 40 Vin–Vout , INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) –50 –25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 TJ, JUNCTION TEMPERATURE (°C) 10 20 30 400 Vin–Vout , INPUT–OUTPUT VOLTAGE DIFFERENTIAL (Vdc) LM337 6 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA Figure 11. Ripple Rejection versus Output Voltage Figure 12. Ripple Rejection versus Output Current Figure 13. Ripple Rejection versus Frequency Figure 14. Output Impedance Figure 15. Line Transient Response Figure 16. Load Transient Reponse 0 10 20 30 40 t, TIME (µs) V VO LT AG E CH AN GE (V ) ∆ in ∆V VO LT AG E DE VI AT IO N (V) ou t , IN PU T , OU TP UT ∆V VO LT AG E DE VI AT IO N (V) ou t I CU RR EN T ( A) L, LO AD , OU TP UT 0 10 20 30 40 t, TIME (µs) Vout = –10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF Without CAdj 0 –5.0 –10 –15 –20 –25 –30 –35 –40 RR , R IP PL E RE JE CT IO N (dB ) Vout, OUTPUT VOLTAGE (V) 0.01 0.1 1.0 10 RR , R IP PL E RE JE CT IO N (dB ) IO, OUTPUT CURRENT (A) 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M 10 M RR , R IP PL E RE JE CT IO N (dB ) f, FREQUENCY (Hz) 10 100 1.0 k 10 k 100 k 1.0 M , OU TP UT IM PE DA NC E ( ) O Ω f, FREQUENCY (Hz) Z CAdj = 10 µF 0.8 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 0 –0.5 –1.0 –0.5 0.6 0.4 0.2 0 –0.2 –0.4 –0.6 0 –1.0 –1.5 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 40 20 0 100 80 60 40 0 20 101 100 10–1 10–2 10–3 Without CAdj CAdj = 10 µF Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V IL = 50 mA TJ = 25°C CL = 1.0 µF CAdj = 10 µF Vin – Vout = 5.0 V IL = 500 mA f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C Without CAdj Without CAdj CAdj = 10 µF Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V f = 120 Hz TJ = 25°C CAdj =10 µF Without CAdj Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V IL = 500 mA TJ = 25°C Without CAdj CAdj = 10 µF Vin = –15 V Vout = –10 V IL = 500 mA CL = 1.0 µF TJ = 25°C LM337 7MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA APPLICATIONS INFORMATION Basic Circuit Operation The LM337 is a 3–terminal floating regulator. In operation, the LM337 develops and maintains a nominal –1.25 V reference (Vref) between its output and adjustment terminals. This reference voltage is converted to a programming current (IPROG) by R1 (see Figure 17), and this constant current flows through R2 from ground. The regulated output voltage is given by: Vout � Vref �1� R2 R1 � � IAdj R2 Since the current into the adjustment terminal (IAdj) represents an error term in the equation, the LM337 was designed to control IAdj to less than 100 µA and keep it constant. To do this, all quiescent operating current is returned to the output terminal. This imposes the requirement for a minimum load current. If the load current is less than this minimum, the output voltage will rise. Since the LM337 is a floating regulator, it is only the voltage differential across the circuit which is important to performance, and operation at high voltages with respect to ground is possible. Figure 17. Basic Circuit Configuration + – Vout CO R2IPROG R1Adjust Vin LM337 Vout + Vref = –1.25 V Typical Vref Vout IAdj Load Regulation The LM337 is capable of providing extremely good load regulation, but a few precautions are needed to obtain maximum performance. For best performance, the programming resistor (R1) should be connected as close to the regulator as possible to minimize line drops which effectively appear in series with the reference, thereby degrading regulation. The ground end of R2 can be returned near the load ground to provide remote ground sensing and improve load regulation. External Capacitors A 1.0 µF tantalum input bypass capacitor (Cin) is recommended to reduce the sensitivity to input line impedance. The adjustment terminal may be bypassed to ground to improve ripple rejection. This capacitor (CAdj) prevents ripple from being amplified as the output voltage is increased. A 10 µF capacitor should improve ripple rejection about 15 dB at 120 Hz in a 10 V application. An output capacitance (CO) in the form of a 1.0 µF tantalum or 10 µF aluminum electrolytic capacitor is required for stability. Protection Diodes When external capacitors are used with any IC regulator it is sometimes necessary to add protection diodes to prevent the capacitors from discharging through low current points into the regulator. Figure 18 shows the LM337 with the recommended protection diodes for output voltages in excess of –25 V or high capacitance values (CO > 25 µF, CAdj > 10 µF). Diode D1 prevents CO from discharging thru the IC during an input short circuit. Diode D2 protects against capacitor CAdj discharging through the IC during an output short circuit. The combination of diodes D1 and D2 prevents CAdj from the discharging through the IC during an input short circuit. Figure 18. Voltage Regulator with Protection Diodes + – + Cin –Vin R2 CAdj + + 1N4002 LM337 Vout VoutVin D1 1N4002 R1 D2 CO Adjust Vout Figure 19. D2PAK Thermal Resistance and Maximum Power Dissipation versus P.C.B. Copper Length R , TH ER MA L R ES IS TA NC E JA θ JU NC TIO N- TO -A IR ( C /W ) ° ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ ÎÎÎÎ P D , MA XI MU M PO W ER D IS SI PA TI ON (W ) 30 40 50 60 70 80 Minimum Size Pad 2.0 oz. Copper L L Free Air Mounted Vertically RθJA 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 0 10 20 3025155.0 L, LENGTH OF COPPER (mm) PD(max) for TA = +50°C LM337 8 MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 221A–06 ISSUE Y OUTLINE DIMENSIONS MIN MINMAX MAX INCHES MILLIMETERS DIM A B C D F G H J K L N Q R S T U V Z 14.48 9.66 4.07 0.64 3.61 2.42 2.80 0.46 12.70 1.15 4.83 2.54 2.04 1.15 5.97 0.00 1.15 – 15.75 10.28 4.82 0.88 3.73 2.66 3.93 0.64 14.27 1.52 5.33 3.04 2.79 1.39 6.47 1.27 – 2.04 0.570 0.380 0.160 0.025 0.142 0.095 0.110 0.018 0.500 0.045 0.190 0.100 0.080 0.045 0.235 0.000 0.045 – 0.620 0.405 0.190 0.035 0.147 0.105 0.155 0.025 0.562 0.060 0.210 0.120 0.110 0.055 0.255 0.050 – 0.080 NOTES: 1. DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2. CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3. DIM Z DEFINES A ZONE WHERE ALL BODY AND LEAD IRREGULARITIES ARE ALLOWED. –T – SEATING PLANE C ST U J R FB Q H Z L V G N D K A 4 1 2 3 D2T SUFFIX PLASTIC PACKAGE CASE 936–03 (D2PAK) ISSUE B 5 REF5 REF A 1 2 3 K F B J S H 0.010 (0.254) TM D G C E –T – M L P N R V U TERMINAL 4 NOTES: 1 DIMENSIONING AND TOLERANCING PER ANSI Y14.5M, 1982. 2 CONTROLLING DIMENSION: INCH. 3 TAB CONTOUR OPTIONAL WITHIN DIMENSIONS A AND K. 4 DIMENSIONS U AND V ESTABLISH A MINIMUM MOUNTING SURFACE FOR TERMINAL 4. 5 DIMENSIONS A AND B DO NOT INCLUDE MOLD FLASH OR GATE PROTRUSIONS. MOLD FLASH AND GATE PROTRUSIONS NOT TO EXCEED 0.025 (0.635) MAXIMUM. DIM A MIN MAX MIN MAX MILLIMETERS 0.386 0.403 9.804 10.236 INCHES B 0.356 0.368 9.042 9.347 C 0.170 0.180 4.318 4.572 D 0.026 0.036 0.660 0.914 E 0.045 0.055 1.143 1.397 F 0.051 REF 1.295 REF G 0.100 BSC 2.540 BSC H 0.539 0.579 13.691 14.707 J 0.125 MAX 3.175 MAX K 0.050 REF 1.270 REF L 0.000 0.010 0.000 0.254 M 0.088 0.102 2.235 2.591 N 0.018 0.026 0.457 0.660 P 0.058 0.078 1.473 1.981 R S 0.116 REF 2.946 REF U 0.200 MIN 5.080 MIN V 0.250 MIN 6.350 MIN � � OPTIONAL CHAMFER How to reach us: USA/EUROPE/Locations Not Listed: Motorola Literature Distribution; JAPAN: Nippon Motorola Ltd.; Tatsumi–SPD–JLDC, 6F Seibu–Butsuryu–Center, P.O. Box 20912; Phoenix, Arizona 85036. 1–800–441–2447 or 602–303–5454 3–14–2 Tatsumi Koto–Ku, Tokyo 135, Japan. 03–81–3521–8315 MFAX: RMFAX0@email.sps.mot.com – TOUCHTONE 602–244–6609 ASIA/PACIFIC: Motorola Semiconductors H.K. Ltd.; 8B Tai Ping Industrial Park, INTERNET: http://Design–NET.com 51 Ting Kok Road, Tai Po, N.T., Hong Kong. 852–26629298 LM337/D ��������� ◊