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The American Society of
Mechanical Engineers
ì N A M E R I C A N N A T I O N A L S T A N D A R D
FACTORY-M AD E
WROUGHT
BUTTWELDING FITTINGS
ASME B16.l-2003
(Revision of ASME BI 8.9.2001)
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Date of Issuance: February 20, 2004
The next edition of this Standard is scheduled for publication in 2009. There will be no addenda
issued to this edition.
ASME issues written replies to inquiries concerning interpretations of technical aspects of this
Standard. The interpretations will be included with this edition.
ASME is the registered trademark of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
This code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for American National
Standards. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from
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available for public review and comment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia,
regulatoiy agencies, and the public-at-large.
ASME does not “approve,” “rate,” or “endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity.
ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any
items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for
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without the prior written permission of the publisher.
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright O 2004 by
THE AMERICAN SOCIEN OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS
All Rights Reserved
Printed in U.S.A.
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Fore
word
word文档格式规范word作业纸小票打印word模板word简历模板免费word简历
..............................................................................
Committee Roster .....................................................................
Correspondence With the B16 Committee ..............................................
1 Scope ............................................................................
2 Pressure Ratings ..................................................................
3 Size ..............................................................................
4 Marking ..........................................................................
5 Material ..........................................................................
6 Fitting Dimensions ................................................................
7 Surface Contours ...............................................................
8 End Preparation ...................................................................
9 Design Proof lest .................................................................
10 Production Tests ...............................................................
11 Tolerances .....................................................................
Figure
1
Tables
Maximum Envelope for Welding End Transitions ..................................
1 Welding Bevels and Root Face ....................................................
2 Tolerances ........................................................................
3 Dimensions of Long Radius Elbows ...............................................
4 Dimensions of Long Radius Reducing Elbows .....................................
5 Dimensions of Long Radius Returns ..............................................
6 Dimensions of Short Radius Elbows .............................
7 Dimensions of Short Radius 180 deg Returns ......................................
8 Dimensions of Straight Tees and Crosses ..........................................
9 Dimensions of Reducing Outlet Tees and Reducing Outlet Crosses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
10 Dimensions of Lap Joint Stub Ends ...............................................
11 Dimensions of Caps ..............................................................
12 Dimensions of Reducers ..........................................................
Mandatory Appendices
I Inch Tables .......................................................................
II References ........................................................................
Nonmandatory Appendix
A Quality System Program ..........................................................
iv
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ln 1921, the American Engineering Standards Cornittee, later the American Standards Associa-
tion (ASA), organized Sectional Committee B16 to unify and further develop national standards
for pipe flanges and fittings (and, later, for valves, gaskets, and valve actuators). Cosponsors of
the B16 Committee were The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ACME), the Heating
and Piping Contractors National Association [now the Mechanical Contractors Association of
America (MCAA)], and the Manufacturers Standardization Society of the Valve and Fittings
Industry (MSS). Cosponsors were later designated as cosecretariat organizations.
Standardization of welding fittings was initiated in 1937 by a subgroup (designated Subgroup
6) of Subcommittee 3. After consideration of several drafts, a standard was approved by the
Committee, cosponsors, and ASA, and published with the designation ASA B16.9-1940.
Revisions were made in 1950 and 1955 to add sizes up to NPS 24 and to complete coverage
of fittings in some sizes. These revisions were approved and published as ASA B16.9-1951 and
ASA B16.9-1958. With the subgroup now designated Subcommittee 6 (later Subcommittee F),
further revisions were begun to clarify the intent of the standard, to add angularity tolerances,
and to include fittings of different types (long radius reducing elbows and crosses) and smaller
sizes (NPS '/4 and x). This revision was published as ASA B16.9-1964 after ASA approval.
After reorganization of ASA, first as the United States of America Standards Institute (USASI),
then as the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), with the Sectional Committee being
redesignated as an American National Standards Committee, another revision increasing the size
range to NI'S 48 and revising the text for clarity was approved and published as ANSI B16.9-1971.
In 1975, Subcommittee F began a major revision to bring the standard up to date with current
practice and usage. Common fractions were expressed as decimals (but without intending higher
precision) and metric dimensional equivalents were added. Provisions for step-wise change of
radius for NPS % long radius elbows and 180 deg returns were introduced. Following Standards
Committee, cosecretariat, and ANSI approval, the revision was published as ANSI B16.9-1978.
It was updated by a corrective addendum, B16.9a-1981, issued in February 1982.
Ln 1982, American National Standards Committee B16 was reorganized as an ACME Committee
operating under procedures accredited by ANSI. In ASME/ANSI B16.9-1986, the text was revised
and inch dimensions were established as the standard.
In 1991, the Subcommittee reviewed the document and made a number of revisions that were
included in ACME 816.9-1993. Dimensions for short pattern lap joints were also added.
In ACME B16.9-2001, short radius elbows and returns were added, which included all dimen-
sions and tolerances of ACME B16.28-1994. Metric units were provided as an independent but
parallel alternative standard to U.S. customary units and a Quality System Program appendix
was added.
In 2003, the Subcommittee reviewed the document and made a number of revisions. The scope
of the standard was changed to permit fabricated lap joint stub ends employing circumferential
or intersection welds.
This Standard was approved as an American National Standard on October 15, 2003 and
December 31, 2003.
iv
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ASME B16 COMMITTEE
Standardization of Valves, Flanges, Fittings, and Gaskets
(The following is the roster of the Committee at the time of approval of this Standard.)
OFFICERS
H. R. Sonderegger, Chair
M. L. Nayyar, Vice Chair
P. A. Reddington. Secretary
COMMITTEE PERSONNEL
W. B. Bedesem, ExxonMobil Research & Engineering Co.
M. A. Clark, Nibco Inc.
A. Cohen, Arthur Cohen & Associates
C. E. Floren, Mueller Co.
D. R. Frikken, Consultant
A. Hamilton, ABS Americas
M. L. Henderson, Forgital USA
G. A. Jolly, Vogt Valves/Flowserve
M. Katcher, Haynes International
W. G. Knecht, Consultant
R. Koester. The William Powell Co.
R. D. Manning, U.S. Coast Guard
W. N. McLean, Newco Valves
T. A. McMahon, Fisher Controls International Inc.
M. L. Nayyar, Bechtel Power Corp.
J. D. Page, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission
P. A. Reddington, The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
R. A. Schmidt, Trinity-Ladish
H. R. Sonderegger, Anvil International, Inc.
W. M. Stephan, Flexitallic LP
T. F. Stroud, Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association
R. E. White, Richard E. White & Associates PC
D. A. Williams, Southern Co. Services
SUBCOMMITTEE F - STEEL THREADED AND WELDED FIllINGS
G. A. Jolly, Chair, Vogt Valves/Flowserve
A. J. Roby, Secretary, The American Society of Mechanical
A. Appleton, Alloy Stainless Product Co. Inc.
G. A. Cuccio. Capital Manufacturing Co.
J. P. Ellenberger, WFI International
D. R. Frikken. Consultant
R. C. Lafferty, Penna Machine Works Inc.
Engineers D. C. Monroe, Consultant
R. A. Schmidt, Trinity-Ladish
H. R. Sonderegger, Anvil International Inc.
K. Umemura, Japan Fittings Association
V
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General. ACME Standards are developed and maintained with the intent to represent the
consensus of concerned interests. As such, users of this standard may interact with the
Committee by requesting interpretations, proposing revisions, and attending Committee
meetings. Correspondence should be addressed to:
Secretary, B16 Standards Committee
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Three Park Avenue
New York, NY 10016-5990
Proposing Revisions. Revisions are made periodically to the Standard to incorporate
changes that appear necessary or desirable, as demonstrated by the experience gained from
the application of the Standard. Approved revisions will be published periodically.
The Committee welcomes proposals for revisions to this Standard. Such proposals should
be as specific as possible, citing the paragraph number(s), the proposed wording, and a
detailed description of the reasons for the proposal, including any pertinent documentation.
Interpretations. Upon request, the B16 Committee will render an interpretation of any
requirement of the Standard. Interpretations can only be rendered in response to a written
request sent to the Secretary of the B16 Standards Committee.
The request for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. It is further recom-
mended that the inquirer submit his/her request in the following format:
Subject: Cite the applicable paragraph number(s) and the topic of the inquiry.
Edition: Cite the applicable edition of the Standard for which the interpretation
is being requested.
Question: Phrase the question as a request for an interpretation of a specific
requirement suitable for general understanding and use, not as a request
for an approval of a proprietary design or situation. The inquirer may
also include any plans or drawings which are necessary to explain
the question; however, they should not contain proprietary names or
information.
Requests that are not in this format will be rewritten in this format by the Committee
prior to being answered, which may inadvertently change the intent of the original request.
ACME procedures provide for reconsideration of any interpretation when or if additional
information that might affect an interpretation is available. Further, persons aggrieved by
an interpretation may appeal to the cognizant ACME Committee or Subcommittee. ACME
does not "approve," "certify," "rate," or "endorse" any item, construction, proprietary
device, or activity.
Attending Committee Meetings. The B16 Standards Committee regularly holds meetings,
which are open to the public. Persons wishing to attend any meeting should contact the
Secretary of the B16 Standards Committee.
vi
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ASME 816.9-2003
1 SCOPE
1.1 General
This Standard covers overall dimensions, tolerances,
ratings, testing, and markings for wrought factory-made
buttwelding fittings in sizes NPS */2 through 48 (DN 15
through 1200).
1.2 Special Fittings
Fittings may be made to special dimensions, sizes,
shapes, and tolerances by agreement between the manu-
facturer and the purchaser.
1.3 Fabricated Fittings
Fabricated laterals and other fittings employing cir-
cumferential or intersection welds are considered pipe
fabrication and are not within the scope of this Standard.
Fabricated lap joint stub ends are exempt from the
above restrictions, provided they meet all the require-
ments of the applicable ASTM material specification
listed in para. 5.
1.4 Standard Units
The values stated in either metric or U.S. customary
units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within
the text, the U.S. customary units are shown in parenthe-
ses. The values stated in each system are not exact equiv-
alents; therefore, each system must be used
independently of the other. Combining values from the
two systems may result in nonconformance with this
St andard.
The designation for size is NPS for both metric and
customary dimensioned fittings. Fitting pressure rating
is associated with the connecting wall thickness of pipe
of equivalent size and material.
1.5 References
1.5.1 Referenced Standards. Standards and specifica-
tions adopted by reference in this Standard are shown
in Mandatory Appendix II. It is not considered practical
to identify the specific edition of each standard and
specification in the individual references. Instead, the
specific edition reference is identified in Mandatory
Appendix II. A product made in conformance with a
prior edition of referenced standards and in all other
respects conforming to this Standard will be considered
to be in conformance.
FACTORY-MADE WROUGHT BUllWELDI NG FITTINGS
1
1.5.2 Codes and Regulations. A fitting used under
the jurisdiction of the ACME Boiler and Pressure Vessel
Code, the ACME Code for Pressure Piping, or a govern-
mental regulation is subject to any limitation of that code
or regulation. This includes any maximum temperature
limitation, or rule governing the use of a material at low
temperature.
1.6 Service Conditions
Criteria for selection of fitting types and materials
suitable for particular fluid service are not within the
scope of this Standard.
1.7 Welding
Installation welding requirements are outside the
scope of this Standard.
1.8 Quality Systems
Nonmandatory requirements relating to the fitting
manufacturer’s Quality System Program are described
in Nonmandatory Appendix A.
1.9 Convention
For the purpose of determining conformance with
this Standard, the convention for fixing significant digits
where limits (maximum or minimum values) are speci-
fied shall be rounded off as defined in ASTM E 29. This
requires that an observed or calculated value shall be
rounded off to the nearest unit in the last right-hand
digit used in expressing the limit. Decimal values and
tolerances do not imply a particular method of mea-
surement.
1.10 Pressure Rating Designation
Class, followed by a dimensionless number, is the
designation for pressure-temperature ratings. Standard-
ized designations for flanges per ACME B16.5 referenced
in this Standard are Classes 150, 300, 600, 900, 1500,
and 2500.
2 PRESSURE RATINGS
2.1 Basis of Ratings
The allowable pressure ratings for fittings designed
in accordance with this Standard may be calculated as
for straight seamless pipe of equivalent material (as
shown by comparison of composition and mechanical
properties in the respective material specifications) in
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ASME 816.9-2003 FACTORY-MADE WROUGHT BUTMIELDING FITTINGS
accordance with the rules established in the applicable
sections of ACME B31, Code for Pressure Piping. For
the calculation, applicable data for the pipe size, wall
thickness, and material that is equivalent to that of the
fitting shall be used. Pipe size, wall thickness (or sched-
ule number), and material identity on the fittings are in
lieu of pressure rating markings.
2.2 Design of Fittings
The design of fittings shall be established by mathe-
matical analyses (e.g., ACME B16.49 for bends) contained
in nationally recognized pressure vessel or piping codes,
or at the manufacturer?s option by proof testing in accor-
dance with para. 9 of this Standard. In order to meet
design or manufacturing requirements, it is expected
that some portion of formed fittings may have to be
thicker than the pipe wall with which the fitting is
intended to be used. The mathematical analyses, if used,
may take into account such thicker sections. Records of
mathematical analysis and/or successful proof test data
shall be available at the manufacturer?s facility for
inspection by the purchaser.
3 SIZE
NPS, followed by a dimensionless number, is the des-
ignation for nominal fitting size. NPS is related to the
reference nominal diameter,