人教版七年级初一英语下册 Unit 3 短语、语法知识点汇总

七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?单元总结1一、基础归纳重点短语1.到达学校gettoschool2.乘火车takethetrain3.乘地铁takethesubway4.骑自行车rideabike5.一百零五onehundredandfive6.多远howfar7.多长时间howlong8.骑自行车上学ridethebiketoschool9.步行去某地walkto…10.开车去某地driveto…11.每天everyday12.开车去上班driveacartowork13.过河crosstheriver14.在两者之间between…and…15.在索道上onaropeway16.坐索道过河goonaropewaytocrosstheriver17.喜爱做某事lovetodo/doingsth.18.十分钟的步行路程tenminutes’walk19.动身去某地leavefor+地点20.害怕去做某事beafraidtodo/beafraidofdoing…21.一个11岁大的男孩an11-year-oldboy22.实现cometrue23.为(做)某事而感谢thanksfor+n/doingsth.24.或者…或者…either…..or25.许多（+可/不可）lotsof=alotof26.对…有益begoodfor….27.尝起来好tastegood28.有健康的生活方式haveahealthylife重点句型1.做某事花费某人…时间Ittakessb.sometime(一段时间)todosth2.我不敢确信。I’mnotsure3.你认为….怎么样？Whatdoyouthinkof…=Howdoyoulike…4.喂，戴夫。你是如何到校的？Hey,Dave,Howdoyougettoschool?5.我是步行到校的,萨丽,你呢？Iwalk.Howaboutyou,Sally?6.我是骑自行车到校的。Iridemybiketoschool.7.从你家到学校有多远？Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?8你到学校要用多长时间？Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?9.骑自行车大概15分钟。About15minutesbybike.10.你是步行还是骑自行车？Doyouwalkorrideabike?11.在他们的学校与村庄之间有一条大河。Thereisaverybigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.【教材内容解析】SectionA1.takethetrain(P.13)take此处用作及物动词, 表 关于同志近三年现实表现材料材料类招标技术评分表图表与交易pdf视力表打印pdf用图表说话 pdf 示“乘（车、火车、轮船）”,这时表示交通工具的名词前要加上冠词。Johnusuallytakestheschoolbustoschool.七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?单元总结22.rideabike(P.13)ride此处用作动词,意为“骑（自行车、马）”。Iusuallyrideabiketoschool.3.Howdoyougettoschool?(P.13)getto表示“到达”,其中get是不及物动词,常与介词to连用,当表示目的地的词是副词here,there,home等时,则省略介词to。TheywillgettoBeijingatninetonight.4.Iridetoschooleveryday.(P.14)everyday作形容词,表示“每天的、日常的”,常用作定语；everyday表示“每天、每日”,用作副词短语,作状语。Waterisnecessaryineverydaylife.Thechildrenridetoschooleveryday.5.Howfarisitfromyourhometoschool?(P.14)howfar意为“多远”,用来询问距离或者路程,常用的句型为：HowfarisitfromAtoB?或者HowfarisBfromA?---Howfarisitfromtheparktotheschool?---It’sabout3miles.6.I’msure...about10kilometers.(P.14)①besureof/aboutsth.对……确信Areyousureaboutthenews?②besuretodosth.确保做某事Besuretolockthedoorwhenyouleavehome.③besurethat....确信……Iamsurethathewillcomesoon.④makesurethat...确保……Makesurethatyoucanfinishthejobontime.7.Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettoschool?(P.14)①Ittakes(sb.)+时间+todosth.花费（某人）多长时间做某事Ittakeshimtwohourstowalkthere.②sth.takes(sb.)+时间某事花费（某人）多长时间Theworktakesthemalongtime.【拓展】辨析spend,pay,take和costspend主语是人spend...onsth./spend...(in)doingsth.七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?单元总结3pay主语是人payforsth./paysb.forsth.take主语是itIttakessb.+时间+todosth.cost主语是物sth.costssb.+金钱8....livesaboutfivekilometersfromschool.(P.15)live此处用作不及物动词,意为“居住、生活”,后跟名词作宾语时,要加上介词in。Iliketoliveinthecountry.SectionB1.Marywantstoknowwhathethinksofthetrip.(P.16)thinkof意为“认为、想起”,后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语,在表示“认为……怎么样？”时,可与thinkabout互换。---Whatdoyouthinkof/abouttheschooltrip?---It’sgreat.【拓展】Whatdoyouthinkof...?意为“你认为……怎么样？”,可与Howdoyoulike...?进行转换,用来询问某人对某事、某物或某人的看法。Whatdoyouthinkofactionmovies?=Howdoyoulikeactionmovies?2.CrossingtheRivertoSchool(P.17)cross此处用作动词,意为“越过、横穿”,相当于go/walkacross,across用作介词。Thelittleboycan’tcrosstheroadbyhimself.3.Formanystudents,itiseasytogettoschool.(P.17)“It+be+形容词+todo”意为“做某事是……”,it作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式。It’sboringtoreadsuchbooks.It’simportanttogotobedearlyandgetupearly.【拓展】“Itis+形容词/名词短语+todo”结构中,可在不定式前面加上一个for或者of引出动词不定式的逻辑主语。当形容词是描述人的性格、品质的形容词时,用介词of,其余情况用介词for。Itiskindofyoutohelpmealot.Itisdifficultforustosolvetheproblem.4.Thereisaverybigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.(P.17)七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?单元总结4between表示“两者之间”,among用作介词,表示“三者或者以上之间”。Theteacherispopularamongthestudents.Isthereanydifferencebetweenthetwobooks?5.Thereisnobridgeandtheriverrunstooquicklyforboats.(P.17)no此处用作形容词来修饰名词,意为“没有”,既可以修饰可数名词,也可以修饰不可数名词,修饰单数名词时,相当于nota/an,修饰可数名词复数或者不可数名词时,相当于notany。Ihavenobrothers.=Idon’thaveanybrothers.6.One11-year-oldboy,Liangliang,crossestherivereveryschoolday.(P.17)11-year-old是一个合成形容词,意为“11岁的”。这种合成形容词通常在句中作前置定语,修饰后面的名词。其结构形式有两种：①数词+名词100-metreracefive-hoursleepthree-yeartime②数词+名词+形容词afive-year-oldboyan800-metre-longbridge7.Butheisnotafraidbecausehelovesschool.(P.17)①beafraidtodosth.“胆小不敢做某事”Thegirlisafraidtogooutatnight.②beafraidofsth/doingsth.害怕Mostofpeopleareafraidofsnakes.8.Ilovetoplaywithmyclassmates.(P.17)playwith意为“玩、和……玩耍”。Heplayswithatoy.【拓展】play用作及物动词时,表示,“踢/打（球）、演奏（乐器）”。Icanplayfootball.Heoftenplaysthepiano.9.Itistheirdreamtohaveabridge.(P.17)dream此处用作可数名词,意为“梦想、睡梦”。Everyonehasadream.七年级英语下册Unit3Howdoyougettoschool?单元总结5Ioftenhavebaddreams.【拓展】dreamof/about意为“梦想、梦见”。Manypeopledreamofbecomingfamous.10.Cantheirdreamcometrue?(P.17)cometrue意为“实现、成为现实”。Yourdreamdoesn’talwayscometrue.Studyhard,andyourdreamwillcometrue.11.Theyhavetocrossaverybigriverbetweentheirschoolandthevillage.(P.17)haveto意为“不得不”,表示因外界的强制作用而不得不做某事,强调被迫性,后接动词原形。Wehavetofinishtheworkbeforesupper.【拓展】haveto表示“必须、不得不”,强调客观上的必须,must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必须。Wehavetowalkhomebecausethecarhasbrokendown.Wemuststudyhard.12.Thanksforyourlaste-mail.(P.18)Thanksfor...意为“感谢……”,后接名词、代词或者动名词作宾语,表示感谢的原因。Thanksforyourhelp.Thanksforinvitingme.【语法讲解】how,howlong和howfar引导的特殊疑问句how用来提问方式，表示“如何”；howlong用来提问时间，表示“多长时间”；howfar用来提问距离，意为“多远”。---Howdoyougotoschool?---Igotoschoolbybus.---Howlongdoesittakeyoutogettothelibrary?---About29minutes.---Howfarisitfromyourhometothetrainstation?---It’s2kilometers.