汉英翻译

汉语词语英译 汉英翻译 汉语词语英译 这是民国六年的冬天，大北风刮得正猛，我因为生计关系，不得不一早在路上走。 It’s the winter of 1917. The wind was blowing hard, but I had to walk in the street to make a living. It happened during the winter of 1917. A bitter north wind was blowing but, to make a living, I had to be up and out early. 买大包装的吧，便宜多了。 Buy the economy size. It’s a lot cheaper. Buy the large size. It’s a lot cheaper. 布衣蔬食 wear clothes of cotton and eat vegetables wear coarse clothes and eat simple food 他昨天擦破了皮，现在到医院换药去了。 He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change medicine in the hospital. He had a scratch yesterday and now has gone to change dressings in the hospital. 佃农家庭的生活条件自然是很苦的。可是由于母亲的聪明能干，却舒服。 The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but we somehow managed to scrape along because mother was a clever and able woman. The life of a tenant farmer’s family was of course hard, but it was somehow comfortable because mother was a clever and able woman. 词语意义明确化 1．​ 我们搞社会主义才几十年，还处在初级阶段。We have been building socialism for only a few decades and are still in the primary stage. 2．​ 低速度就等于停步，甚至等于后退。要抓住机会，现在就是还机会。Slow growth equals stagnation and even retrogression. We must grasp opportunities; the present offers an excellent one. 3．​ 看来我们的发展，总是要在某一个阶段，抓住时机，加速搞几年，发现问 题 快递公司问题件快递公司问题件货款处理关于圆的周长面积重点题型关于解方程组的题及答案关于南海问题 及时加以治理，而后继续前进。It seems to me that, as a rule, at certain stages we should seize the opportunity to accelerate development for a few years, deal with problems as soon as they are recognized, and then move on. 词义的褒贬 4．​ 人们都在讲南北问题很突出，我看这个问题就是发展问题。 People are saying that the North-South question is very serious. I think it is a question of development. 5．​ 在整个改革开放过程中都要反对腐败。 Throughout the process of reform and opening, we must combat corruption. 6．​ 对凭借行业垄断和某些特殊条件获得个人额外收入的必须纠正。 We must correct the malpractice of individuals obtaining extra incomes by taking advantage of sectoral monopoly and some special privileges. 用词的语气轻重 7．​ 我们必须广泛地利用现代科学技术的新成就。 We must utilize the achievements of modern science and technology. 8．​ 健全会计 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 。We should improve the accounting system. 9．​ 中国正在发生日新月异的变化。China is progressing with each passing day. 词语的惯用法 10．​ （让农民）富起来。 to improve or better their living conditions; to become better-off. 11．​ 这种论点目前还有一定的市场。 This argument has some appeal at present. 12．​ 废寝忘食地工作。 He eats, drinks and sleeps his work.（一般的汉英词典多翻译为：One is so absorbed or occupied in one’s work as to forget good and sleep.） 13．​ 发挥余热。 To use one’s availability.（《新时代汉英大词典》中译成“energy of retirees”） 14．​ 这些原则一直是我们民族的精神支柱。 These principles have nourished the soul of our nation. （而中国译者通常将“精神支柱”翻译成“spiritual pillar”。） 15．​ （超 计划 项目进度计划表范例计划下载计划下载计划下载课程教学计划下载 生育的）“黑孩子”。 off-the-book babies 避免重复用词 16．​ 在改善物质生活的同时，充实精神生活。While improving the people’s material well-being, we shall enrich their cultural life. 17．​ 身体好，学习好，工作好。Keep fit, study well and work hard. 18．​ 城镇居民人均可支配收入达到5160元。农村居民人均纯收入达到2090元。The average per capita disposable income reached 5160 yuan (US$623) for city dwellers. The average per capita net income of rural residents rose to 2090 yuan. 19．​ 鲁贵：他妈的！（兴奋地问道）你们想，你们哪一个对得起我？（向四凤同大海）你们哪一个不时我辛辛苦苦养大的？可是你们哪一件事做的对得起我？（对大海）你说？（对四凤）你说？（对侍萍）你也说说，这都是你的好孩子啊？。。。我跟你们一块饿着肚子等死。你们想想，你们是哪一件事情对得起我？（对大海）。。。我要是饿死，你是哪一点对得起我？我问问你，我要是这样死了？（曹禺《雷雨》）Lu Gui: God Almighty! (Heatedly) Just look at you. There’s not one of you who can look me in the face! I’ve worked my fingers to the bone to bring you two up, both of your, but what have either of you ever done to show your gratitude? (To Ta-Hai) Eh? (To Si-Feng) Answer me that! (To Lu-Ma) Or perhaps you can tell me saying that they’re your precious children? … I’ve just got to stay here and starve to death with you! Now just ask yourselves: What have you ever done for me that you can be proud of? … If I did die, you’d have it on your conscience, now wouldn’t you? Eh, if I did die like this? 删减范畴词 20．​ 总之，就全国范围来说，我们一定能够逐步顺利解决沿海同内地贫富差距的问题。In short, taking the country as a whole, I am confident that we can gradually bridge the gap between coastal and inland areas. 21．​ 收入分配关系没有理顺。The distribution of income needs to be straightened out. 22．​ 基础研究在一些前沿领域取得可喜的进展。Gratifying progress was made in some frontiers. 23．​ 要加快建立城市贫困居民的最低生活保障制度。We should accelerate the establishment of a minimum standard of living for impoverished urban residents. 24．​ 国家要加大对中西部地区的支持力度。The state will increase its support for the central and western parts. 25．​ 外国人申请各项签证，应当提供有效护照，必要时提供有关证明。When applying for various visas, aliens shall present valid passports and, if necessary, provide pertinent evidence. 26．​ 中国的现代化建设离不开与世界各国的经济合作与贸易往来。China’s modernization is inseparable from her economic cooperation and trade ties with other nations. 27．​ 多年来那个国家一直有严重的失业现象。For many years there has been serious unemployment in that country. 28．​ 讨论的范围涉及中美关系，中俄关系……。 The discussion covers Sino-U.S. relation, Sino-Russian relation…. 四字结构的英译处理 29．​ 大峡弯的谷地，山峦交错，峡谷相连，江水汹涌。The valley of the Grand Bend is full of multi-peaked mountains, joined canyons and turbulent waters. （形容词 + 名词） 30．​ 我国政府愿意在平等互利、相互开放、长期合作、共同发展的基础上，进一步加强同亚洲各国的经济合作和贸易交流。The Chinese government stands ready to further strengthen economic cooperation and trade ties with other Asian nations on the basis of equality, mutual benefit, mutual openness, long-term cooperation and common progress. 31．​ 由于这台仪器性能稳定、操作可靠、维修方便，因此受到用户的好评。The instrument has been welcomed by the users because of its stability in service, reliability in operation and simplicity in maintenance. （名词或形容词 + in + 名词） 32．​ 这些女式衬衣系采用上等纯丝制成，价格公道，工艺精湛，设计独特。Our silk blouses are made of pure silk of best quality. They are moderate in price, excellent in craftsmanship and unique in designs. 33．​ 大力培养爱岗尽责、方便群众、优质服务的敬业精神。We should vigorously foster the fine spirit, including dedication to work, and offering convenience and fine services to the masses. （名词性词组） 34．​ 防止个人专断和各自为政，反对有令不行、有禁不止。To prevent the tendency to make decisions arbitrarily and go their own way and oppose the defiance of orders and prohibitions. 35．​ 我们必须解放思想、实事求是、扎实工作、开拓进取。We should emancipate our minds, seek truth from facts and work hard and creatively.（动词短语） 36．​ 作为世界第一大洲，亚洲幅员辽阔，人口众多，资源丰富，有着巨大的发展潜力。Asia, the largest continent in the world, is a vast land with a huge population, abundant natural resources and enormous potential for development. 37．​ 这里气候温和，四季分明，雨量充沛，日照充足，适合多种弄作物生长栽培。It enjoys a temperate climate with well-marked seasons and has plenty of rainfall and sunshine, favorable for growing crops. 汉语句子的翻译 主谓结构的确立 中国社会主义建设的航船将乘风破浪地驶向现代化的光辉彼岸。 The ship of China’s socialist construction will brave the wind and waves and sail to the glorious destination of modernization. China will stride forward in building socialism, like a ship braving the wind and the waves, towards the glorious destination of modernization. 中国的富强和发展不会对任何国家构成威胁。 A strong, prosperous and developed China will pose no threat to any countries. The strength, prosperity and development of china will pose no threat to any countries. 我们之间关系的发展使我们不仅成为亲密的朋友，而且成为兄弟。 The development of our relations has made us not only close friends but also brothers. Our relations have so grown that they bind us not only as close friends but also as brothers. 本文所讲的 内容 财务内部控制制度的内容财务内部控制制度的内容人员招聘与配置的内容项目成本控制的内容消防安全演练内容 对通讯工程师来所是很有趣的。 The content that this paper talks about is of great interest to communications engineers. What this paper discusses is of great interest to communications engineers. 中国观察问题不是看社会制度。 China studies these questions not in the light of social systems. China does not regard social systems as a criterion in its approach to problems. 以原文主语作译文主语 如果说，词汇是语言的“建筑材料”，那么，句子便是文章的“基本部件”。If vocabulary is the “building materials” for language, sentences are the “fundamental parts” of writings. 中国有两点是靠得住的，一是讲原则，二是说话算数。China can be counted on. Among other things, first, it upholds principles and second, it honors its words. 孝道是儒家教育的基石，它宣扬不仅要孝敬父母，而且要臣服于各级各类的权威。 The doctrine of filial piety was the keystone of Confucian education; it advocated not only devotion to one’s parents but submission to all types of authority at all levels. The doctrine of filial piety, which was keystone of Confucian education, advocated not only devotion to one’s parents but submission to all types of authority at all levels. The doctrine of filial piety, the cornerstone of Confucian education, advocated not only devotion to one’s parents but submission to all types of authority at all levels. The foundation of Confucian education was the doctrine of filial piety, which advocated not only devotion to one’s parents but deference to all types of authority at all levels. 重新确定主语 鲁迅的骨头是最硬的，他没有丝毫的奴颜和媚骨，这是殖民地半殖民地人民最可宝贵的性格。 如果照搬原文主语，只能是死译硬译，典型的中式英语：Lu Hsun’s bones were the hardest; he was free from all sycophancy or obsequiousness; this is invaluable among colonial and semi-colonial peoples. 参考译文：Lu Hsun was a man of unyielding integrity, free from all sycophancy or obsequiousness; this quality is invaluable among colonial and semi-colonial peoples. 一九六四年十月中国爆炸了第一颗原子弹，使世界大为震惊。 译1：In October, 1964, China blasted its first atomic bomb, which shocked the rest of the world greatly. 译2：China’s first atomic blast in October, 1964 was a great shock to the rest of the world. 世纪之交，中国外交空前活跃。 译1：At the turn of the century, China is very active in its diplomatic activities. 译2：The turn of the century finds China most active on the diplomatic arena. 她从来没有想到他是个不诚实的人。 译1：She has never thought that he is a dishonest man. 译2：It never occurred to her that he was a dishonest man. 人不可貌相，海水不可斗量。 译1：It is impossible to judge people from their appearance, and impossible to measure the ocean by pints. 译2：We can’t judge people from their appearance, just as we can’t measure the ocean by pints. 树缝里也漏着一两点路灯光，没精打采的，是渴睡人的眼。Here and there a few rays from street-lamps filtered through the trees, listless as the eyes of one who is dozing. 增补主语 热烈欢迎世界各地客商来此进一步加强合作，建立和发展贸易关系。Customers from various countries and regions are warmly welcome to establish and develop business contacts. 空旷的山野上，荡起了她甜甜的笑声。In the wilderness, her sweet sounds of laughter rose and fell like waves. 自1983年以来，已经建立了一百多个这样的组织。There have been established more than one hundred organizations of such kind since 1983. 纵容坏人就是伤害好人。He that spares the bad injures the good. 信息重心与主题的确立 他们患得患失，生怕丢掉这些东西。Swayed by considerations of loss and gain, they are most anxious not to lose these possessions.（独立结构） 最近二三十年来，世界的科学技术日新月异的发展，专业化的分工更细，协作的规模更大。In the last 20 or 30 years, world science and technology have made new headway day by day, resulting in a more minute division of labor on the basis of specialization and in more extensive cooperation. 贯彻百花齐放、百家争鸣的方针，弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化。Efforts should be made to carry out the principle of letting a hundred flowers blossom, and letting a hundred schools of thought contend, give full scope to the theme of our times, while advocating diversity. （“弘扬”为主，“提倡”为次） 所有企业都必须认真执行企业内部各项规章制度，加强基础工作，重视职工队伍建设，坚持从严治厂。All enterprises must be strict in their management work by enforcing rules, regulations and supporting measures, and by attaching importance to the education of workers and administrative staff.（介词短语） 中国政府将继续坚定不移地奉行独立自主的和平外交政策，同世界各国建立和发展友好关系，反对霸权主义和强权政治，维护世界和平，推动社会发展，促进人类进步。The Chinese government will unswervingly pursue its independent foreign policy of peace by establishing and developing friendly relations with other countries and opposing hegemonism and power policies so as to safeguard world peace and promote social development and the progress of mankind. 小国人民敢于起来斗争，敢于拿起武器，掌握自己国家的命运，就一定能够战胜大国的侵略。The people of a small country can certainly defeat aggression by a big country, if only they dare to rise in struggle, dare to take up arms and grasp in their own hands the destiny of their own country.（状语从句） 我们向国际社会推荐这些原则来指导国际关系，首先我们两过之间的关系要遵循这些原则。Since our two countries have recommended these principles to the international community to guide international relations, we should be the first to abide by them in our bilateral relations. 逻辑关系的体现 并列关系 不是他不愿意帮你，而是他心有余而力不足。It’s not that he doesn’t like to help, but that the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak. 并不是我们不同情你，可是在公司里老板说什么就是什么。 We do sympathize with you, but in this company the boss’s words are sacrosanct. It is not that we feel no sympathy for you, but here in this company what he boss says goes. It is not that we do not sympathize with you, but here in this company we have to follow whatever the boss says. 他说自己才疏学浅，这不过是中国人的客气罢了。 He says that he is a man of little learning and talent. That is merely self-depreciation, considered as politeness by the Chinese. When he says he has little talent or learning, he is only being modest in accordance with the Chinese rules of propriety. By describing himself as lacking in talent and learning, he is only being modest like a typical Chinese. He describes himself as incompetent and unlearned. That is merely typical Chinese modesty. 连贯关系 计算机刚一启动，就发现有病毒。 Hardly had the computer started working when viruses were found. 递进关系 新建的住宅小区不仅有商业网点、供电供水、垃圾转运等齐全的设备，还有学校、幼儿园、派出所和医疗站。In the new residential area there are not only commercial networks, water, gas, electricity supply systems, and garbage removing service, but also schools, kindergartens, police stations and health-care centers. 不但树林能为野生动物提供栖息之所，而且野生动物也能使树木茂盛起来。Not only can a forest provide a home for wildlife, but wildlife can in turn make the trees and plants flourish. 我知道怎样对付两面派，而且一眼就能看出谁是一贯两面讨好的人。I know how to handle two-faced people and can even tell at the first glance who are in the habit of running with the hare and hunting with the hounds. 选择关系 不自由，毋宁死。Give me liberty or give me death. 对于战士，生活就是不停的战斗。他不是取得光明而生存，便是带着满身伤痕而死去。To him, life means nothing but continuous fighting. He either survives by winning light （glory?）, or perishes with his body covered all over with cuts and bruises. 很多人，不是对他视而不见，就是说他自作自受。Many people were either indifferent to him or said he had lain on the bed he made for himself (or had drunk what he brewed). 转折让步关系 尽管钢铁的性能极好，但是在力的作用下还是会变形的。Rigid as they are, iron and steel will deform under the action of forces. 她说她决不会嫁给一个乡巴佬，不管他多有钱。She insisted that she would not marry herself off to a hayseed, no matter how rich he was. 小张真是个骗子。当着我的面他对我赞不绝口，可是在我背后却总说我坏话。Xiao Zhang is a plain phony. He gives me a song and a dance in my face, but bad-mouths me behind my back. 他遭遇车祸反而因祸得福了：住院时和一个漂亮的护士相爱了。He had an accident but it turned out to be a blessing in disguise: a pretty nurse fell in love with him during his stay in the hospital. 他虽然经验不足，但很有进取心和创造力，而这就正是在这一领域获得成功的关键。 Although he lacks experience, he ahs enterprise and creativity, which are decisive in achieving success in this area. Though inexperienced, he is highly motivated and creative, which is exactly the key to success in this field. 在我最需要你的时候，却哪儿都找不到你。（形式转折） When I needed you the most, I could not find you anywhere. You are nowhere to be found when I need you most. 假设关系 如果/要是/假如/倘若没有宇宙飞船，人类就不可能飞向太空。If there had been no space ships, it would have been impossible for human beings to go to space. 早早献关，饶你性命！倘若迟误，粉身碎骨！If you give up the pass, I may spare your life; if you delay, I will grind your bones to powder and make mincemeat of it. 即使哥伦布没有发现美洲大陆，别人也会发现的。Even if Columbus had not discovered the continent of America, somebody else might have discovered it. 不入虎穴，焉得虎子。不吃苦，哪能会有收获？Nothing venture, nothing have. No pains, no pains. 在家里，如果孩子们打架被父母发现了，倒霉的总是年龄大的孩子。In the family, if the kicks-up are found out by the parents, it’s always the oldest of the children who’ll get in the neck. 感情挫折若受到意识的压抑，就会在下意识中变得越发强烈。 If emotional frustrations are suppressed by the consciousness, they will become more powerful in the subconsciousness. Emotional frustrations that are suppressed by one’s consciousness will become all the more powerful in the subconscious mind. 条件关系 除非受到外力的作用，静止的物体将永远保持静止。A body at rest always remains at rest unless it is acted on by external forces. 他越琢磨，越觉得他的计划是有希望的。The more he considered his plans, the more hopeful it seemed to him. 人到中年才知身体健康有多重要。People don’t know the importance of good health till they are over the hill. 父母越是贫困，孩子越是难以得到良好教育，这使整个国家陷入恶性循环。 The poorer parents are, the harder it is for their children to get a good education, thus the family is trapped in a vicious circle. The poorer parents are, the harder it is for their children to get a good education, which traps the family in a vicious circle. 我对这项庞大计划了解越多，越不想参与其中。 The more I learn about the gigantic scheme, the more reluctant I am to get involved in it. The more I learn about the gargantuan project, the less I want to be part of it. 因果关系 中国拥有丰富的物质财富和精神财富，因而注定要在国际事务中发挥决定性的作用。China, which abounds in material and spiritual resources, is destined to play a decisive role in international affairs. 两个女生对着信呵呵地笑着，因为这封信是一个男生写给她们中一个的。Two school girls were giggling over a letter which one of them had received from a boy. 你能睡，就该多睡会儿。You should have had a nice sleep while you could. 你真是个废物点心，连这点小事都办不好。You are a real born loser, for you cannot even cope with such a small matter. 老张家里总来些不三不四的人，可想而知老张不是什么好东西。There are always riff-raffs hanging around in Lao Zhang’s home, which gives you the feeling that Lao Zhang is not a good guy. 我不能放弃教 书 关于书的成语关于读书的排比句社区图书漂流公约怎么写关于读书的小报汉书pdf ，那是我的饭碗。I can’t give up teaching, for it’s my bread and butter. 你不能对她太好了，她这人得寸进尺。You cannot be so nice to her, for you give her an inch and she’ll take a mile. 这对新人郎才女貌，真称得上是天作之合。 It can truly be said of the newlyweds that theirs is a match made in heavy, for he is as talented as she is fair. With her looks and his brains, this newly married couple make a perfect match. 他家境贫寒，中途辍学。The want of family made him leave off school. 目的关系 他每天去上班之前总是仔细地检查车胎，以防路上漏气。He looks out the tires carefully before going to work every day lest they should go flat on the way. 为了保证产品质量，我们对所有元器件都进行了严格的筛选。In pursuit of excellent quality of our products, all the parts are selected or chosen strictly before being picked up together. 他计划组织一次讲座，好让我们对美国的金融市场体系有个大概的了解。He is planning to organize a lecture that will provide us with a general understanding of the US financial market system. 结构紧凑与断句翻译 这两种文明产生于不同地区，它们的发展并行不悖，互不影响。These two civilizations, which were created in different areas, developed in parallel and without interinfluence. 杨小姐郑重地递给我一张名片表示希望和我交个朋友，于是便开始和我低声交谈。Miss Yang, who had presented a name card to me in hopes of making friends with me, began to converse with me in a gentle voice. 我既得照顾丈夫，又得照顾孩子，还得上班，整天没有闲着的时候，真让我烦透了。I'm sick and tired of having to take care of my husband, the kids and going to work all day long without having any time of my own. 人有七种才能使冰川时期的人类战胜了严酷环境中的种种艰难困苦，//它们是直立行走、双腿、双臂、双手、视力、大脑和语言能力。There were seven gifts standing between the people of the Ice Age and many perils of their difficult world. They were upright posture, two legs, arms, hands, vision, human brain and the power of speech. 灾难深重的中华民族，一百年来，其优秀人物奋斗牺牲，前赴后继，摸索救国救民的真理，//是可歌可泣的。For a hundred years, the finest sons and daughters of the disaster–ridden Chinese nation fought and sacrificed their lives, one stepping into the breach as another fell, in quest of the truth that would save the country and the people. This moved us to song and tears. 父亲毕竟比她多吃了几年咸盐，她男朋友是什么样的人，他一看就知道。After all, father has eaten more salt than she over the years. He will be able to tell at a glance whether her boyfriend is a man of character. 汉语英译的语篇处理 句序的调整 一天，邻居王二婶不小心把钥匙锁在家里，很多热心人都前来帮忙，但都无济于事。人们找到他，但被他拒绝了。王二婶哀求地说：“冬保，求求你啦，要是我当家的回来，我又少不了挨一顿揍。他知道，她丈夫很粗野，经常打她，他心软了，找来工具，费了好半天，帮王二婶打开了锁。①王二婶感激万分，特意买来一盒过滤嘴香烟，非要塞给他。②在场的人惊愕地看着他，一个劲地夸他有本事。One day, through carelessness, Wang Er’s wife, one of his elderly neighbors, locked herself out. Many warm-hearted people came over to help, but nobody could do anything. They came to him, but he declined. The elderly woman entreated the ex-convict, “ If my husband comes back, I’m sure to get a sound beating. Help me, plea-se!” Dongbao knew her husband was very rough and often beat her. Softened up by her words, he dug out some tools, and, only after some effort, did he succeed in opening the door. ②All those who saw his performance were dazed and full of praises for him. ①To express her gratitude, Mrs. Wang bought a pack of filter cigarettes and insisted that he accept it. 坐在