人教版高一（上）课文材料原文

人 教 版 新 教 材 高一（上） Unit 1 Good Friends A Read about the following people and fill in the form．Decide who you think could be fiends and give reasons for your decisions． John：I'm 15 years old and I love football．I also like reading，especially stories about people from other countries．I don’t enjoy singing，nor do I like computers．I think that rock music is terrible. Ann：Hi，．I m Ann．I'm 16 and I like dancing and computers．I also like rock music．I hate hiking and I’m not into classical music．I don’t enjoy reading too much． Steve：I’m 14 years old and I love skiing．Other favourite hobbies are reading and singing．I don’t like hiking．I think that rock music is too loud，and I think that football is boring． Peter：I’m from Australia．I’m 15 and I’m fond of singing．I sing a lot, and when I’m not singing，I listen to rock music or use my computer．I don’t like football and I think that classical music is terrible．I hate dancing! Sarah：My name is Sarah and I’m 14 years old．My interests are reading novels, playing football and singing songs. I think that rock music is terrible，and I don’t like dancing．I don’t enjoy computers either． Joe：Hi there．I’m Joe．I really like computers．I surf the Internet all the time and I like playing computer games. I don’t enjoy football and I hate hiking．Rock music is OK, and so is skiing． B Chuck’s Friend In the movie Cast Away，Tom Hanks plays a man named Chuck Noland．Chuck is a businessman who is always so busy that he has little time for his friends．He is a successful manager in a company that sends mail all over the world．One day Chuck is on a flight across the Pacific Ocean when suddenly his plane crashes. Chuck survives the crash and lands on a deserted island． On the island, Chuck has to learn to survive all alone. He has to learn how to collect water, hunt for food, and make fire. Perhaps the most difficult challenge is how to survive without friends. In order to survive, Chuck develops a friendship with an unusual friend — a volleyball he calls Wilson. Chuck learns a lot about himself when he is alone on the island. He realises that he hasn’t been a very good friend because he has always been thinking about himself. During his five years on the island, Chuck learns how to be a good friend to Wilson. Even though Wilson is just a volleyball，he becomes fond of him．He talks to him and treats him as a friend. Chuck learns that we need friends to share happiness and sorrow, and that it is important to have someone to care about. He also learns that he should have cared more about his friends. When he makes friends with Wilson, he understands that friendship is about feelings and that we must give as much as we take. A volleyball is certainly an unusual friend. Most of our friends are human beings, but we also make friends with animals and even things. For example, many of us have pets, and we all have favourite objects such as a lucky pen or a diary. The lesson we can learn from Chuck and all the others who have unusual friends is that friends are teachers. Friendship helps us understand who we are, why we need each other and what we can do for each other. C Integrating Skills Many-flavoured Friends “I’ve got friends all over this country, friends in other countries too. I’ve got friends I haven’t met yet, I’ve got friends that will never know.” — Ani Di Franco Friends come in many flavours．There are best friends，school friends，fair-weather friends，forever friends and many more．Best friends are friends with whom you spend a lot of time and with whom you share all your thoughts and feelings．School friends are different：you see each other in school and you study and have fun together, but you may not know everything about each other．Fair-weather friends are friends who only like you when you are happy or when you are popular．If you are feeling down，or if you are having a problem, fair-weather friends don’t want to spend time or talk with you．Forever friends are friends that will always listen to you and try to help you，even if you disagree or if you are having a problem． BEST FRIENDS Sarah and Janet have been friends ever since they started school．They do everything together：study，read，watch TV，surf the Internet，play sports and listen to music．If either one has a problem, the other is there to help．When Sarah was in the third grade, some of the other students were making fun of her because she was shy．Janet told the other students to stop making fun of Sarah，and she helped Sarah overcome her shyness．In the fifth grade，Janet had problems with her maths class．She studied hard，but she just couldn’t understand the homework．Sarah helped Janet with her homework and patiently explained every exercise to Janet．After six months，Janet was doing much better and even got an A on the maths exam． FRIENDS ACROSS BORDERS Is it possible to be best friends even if you are thousands of miles apart? Michel and Xiao Li think so．They have been e-friends for five years．Michel lives in Bologne (博洛涅)，France，and Xiao Li lives in Wuhan，Hubei．Despite the fact that they have never met each other，Michel and Xiao Li are best friends．They talk to each other by e-mail or telephone, and they always try to help each other．Michel and Xiao Li send each other pictures and tell each other about their everyday life．Michel is very interested in Chinese culture and the Chinese language．He often asks questions about life in China．Xiao Li is also curious about life in France．Both friends think that their friendship is fun and useful．They have learnt many new things about life，and they have also learnt more about their own cultures． 1. In this passage，“flavours”probably means： A . colours B. tastes C. kinds D. shapes 2. Mlat is the difference between a fair-weather friend and a forever friend? 3. List the characteristics (特点) of each kind of friend． A. fair-weather friend B. school friend C. forever friend 4. How did Sarah and Janet help each other? 5. How have your friends helped you? How have you helped them? 6. What can you do if you want to make friends with people from other countries? 7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of having friends from other countries? 8. The words at the beginning of the reading are from a song by Ani Di Franco．What do you think ‘‘friends I haven’t met yet” and ‘‘friends that I will never know’’ mean? Unit 2 English Around the World A Joe is an American who has come to Britain for the first time．Look at the picture and read the dialogue．Then answer the following questions：What is it that Joe can’t find in the bathroom? Why can’t he find it? NANCY：Oh，there you are．Now then, did you have a good flight? JOE：Sure，we flew all the way direct from Seattle to London． NANCY：You must be very tired．Did you sleep at all on the plane? JOE：No．not really．I’m very tired．Could I use your bathroom? NANCY：Why．of course．You don’t need to ask, just make yourself at home．Let me give you a clean towel． JOE：A towel? NANCY：Yes．Here you are．The bathroom is upstairs．It’s the second door on the left. JOE：Thanks Nancy．If you’ll excuse me now． (after a while) NANCY：Have you found it? JOE：Well，eh yes，I mean no．I mean，I found the bathroom，but I didn’t find what I was looking for! B Practise the following dialogues with your partner and act them out． 1 EMILY： Karen，can you tell me how to pronounce “kilometer”? KAREN： Sure．British people say／'kl／and Americans say／k'l／． TEACHER：Karen and Emily，is there anything that isn't clear to you? KAREN： Emily asked me a question but I already answered her． TEACHER：What was her question? KAREN： She asked me how to pronounce“kilometre”． 2 MS SMITH：Harry，take these two pizzas to Mr Thompson on Broad Street, Number 12． HARRY： Can you spell that name, please? MS SMITH：T-h-o-m-p-s-o-n．On Broad Street．Number 1 2． HARRY： Can you repeat the address，please? MS SMITH：Broad Street，Number 1 2． HARRY： Got it． MS SMITH：Take Dave’s motorbike．Here are the keys．And hurry up! HARRY： Anything else? MS SMITH：Don’t forget to buy me some ketchup on your Way back． C English Around the World English is a language spoken all around the world．There are more than 42 countries where the majority of the people speak English．Most native speakers of English are found in the United Kingdom．the United States of America，Canada，Australia，South Africa, Ireland and New Zealand．In total，for more than 375 million people English is their mother tongue．An equal number of people learn English as a second language. These people will perhaps speak the language of their own country at home with their family，but the language of the government, schools，newspapers and TV is English. This situation is found in countries such as India，Pakistan，Nigeria and the Philippines. However，the number of people who learn English as a foreign language is more man 750 million．Everywhere in the world children go to school to learn English．Most people learn English for five or six years at high school. In China students learn English at school as a foreign language，except for those in Hong Kong，where many people speak English as a first or a second language． In only fifty years，English has developed into the language most widely spoken and used in the world．English is the working language of most international organisations，international trade and tourism. Businessmen and tourists often come to China without being able to speak Chinese．Chinese businessmen，taxi drivers and students talk with them using English．English is also the language of global culture，such as popular music and the Internet．You can listen to English songs on the radio or use English to communicate with people around the world through the Internet．With so many people communicating in English every day，it will become more and more important to have a good knowledge of English． D American English and British English Many students want to know about the differences between American English and British English．How did these differences come about? There is no quick answer to this question．At first the language in Britain and America was the same．In 1776 America became an independent country．After that, the language slowly began to change．For a long time the language in America stayed the same，while the language in England changed．For example，300 years ago the English talked about“fall”．Today, most British people talk about“autumn”，but Americans still talk about“fall”．In the same way Americans still use me expression“I guess”(meaning“I think”)，just as the British did 300 years ago． At the same time，British English and American English started borrowing words from other languages，ending up with different words．For example, the British took“typhoon”from Chinese，while the Americans took “tornado”from Spanish． In 1828 Noah Webster published the first American dictionary．He wanted to make American English different from British English, so he changed the spelling of many words．That’s why the words colour, centre and traveller are spelt color, center and traveler in American English．Except for these differences in spelling，written English is more or less the same in both British and American English． The differences are greater in the spoken language. For example，Americans say dance／ds／, and in southern England they say／dns／．In America they pronounce not／nt／；in southern England they say ／nt／. However，most of the time people from the two countries do not have any difficulty in understanding each other． Answer the following questions by choosing the best answer． 1. America stopped being a part of England in__________________. A .1707 B. 1828 C. 1776 D. 191 1 2. Which of the following statements is true? A. After 1 828 American English and British English stayed the same． B. After 1 828 American English changed but British English stayed the same． C. After 1 828 British English changed but American English stayed the same． D. After 1 828 both British English and American English changed． . 3. British English is different from American English because____________________． A. Britain decided to change the spelling of many American words B. American English changed but British English stayed the same C. the Americans and British took different words from other languages D America is a bigger country 4. Noah Webster was_____________________________． A. an American president B. a Spanish farmer C. a British teacher D. an American writer 5. Which of the following statements is true? A .In the future both American English and British English will stay the same． B. In the future American English will change but British English will not． C. In the future British English will change but American English will not． D. In the future both British English and American English will change． E American English has changed over the centuries．There are several reasons for this．One of the reasons is that people travelled to America from all the European countries and from other parts of the world, too. They started to use English, but they also brought in some words from their own languages. For example, the word “cent”in American money is from old French. One of the states in the USA is called “Florida”, in Spanish this means“the land of flowers”. There are a great many American Indian words, for example“to howl”means“to cry”. And “cookbooks”is a German word. Do you know any other English words that were borrowed from other languages? F Integrating Skills Don’t Forget to Stay In Touch 1 Gerald is from Singapore，but he works in Chengdu．He has been living there now for more than three years．He has married a Chinese girl and they will soon have their first child．Gerald is very happy in China，although most of his family live in Singapore．He says，“I don’t see my parents and my sister very often．They came to visit me in Sichuan once．But of course We communicate a lot．I call my parents at least once a week, and we talk for at least half an hour，although it is perhaps a little bit expensive．My parents often send me letters and sometimes a parcel (包裹) with some sweets and tea from home，even though I tell them they don’t need to because I can get everything here in Chengdu．My parents don’t know how to use e-mail．They don’t like computers，so I sometimes send them a letter，or a postcard．My sister，of course，often sends me e-mail，and we also sometimes chat online．I wish we could see each other more often, but that is difficult．” 2 Xiaohua lives in Nanchang．Two years ago，at her junior high school，she had a Canadian teacher who taught her English for one year．After a year，however，her teacher went back to Ottawa．“We stay in touch．”says Xiaohua,“although we don’t write very often．Perhaps only three or four times a year．We mostly write e-mail but every year he sends me a Christmas card．Sending e-mail is very fast and cheap of course，but I really like receiving letters because of the beautiful Canadian stamps on the envelopes (信封)．”Not only did Xiaohua learn a lot of English from her Canadian teacher，she also became very interested in Canada．“I try to read as many books and magazines as I can find about Canada．A few weeks ago there was a photo exhibition of Canadian photographers．Nature in Canada is so beautiful．I hope one day I wilt be able to go there．” Unit 3 Going Places A Adventure Travel Why do people travel? Well，many people travel because they want to see other countries and visit places that are famous，interesting or beautiful．People also travel to meet new friends, to try new kinds of food，to experience life in other parts of the world or simply to get away from cold weather．Yet there are other reasons why people travel．Many of today’s travellers are looking for all unusual experience and adventure travel is becoming more and more popular．Here is a quick look at two popular activities：hiking and rafting． HIKING Instead of spending your vacation on a bus，in a hotel or sitting on the beach，you may want to try hiking．Hiking is a great way to travel．You will get close to nature and take exercise at the same time．Hiking is easy to do and doesn’t have to be very expensive．You can hike close to home or travel to other places．The basic equipment you need for hiking is simple：good shoes，clothes and a backpack．You Can hike in the mountains, in a forest or along a river．You Can also go for a hike in the city． Hiking is fun and exciting，but you shouldn’t forget safety．Here are some basic tips for successful hiking： ·Don’t hike alone． ·Tell someone where you are going． ·Bring water and a good map． ·Watch out for dangers, such as spiders，snakes or poisonous plants． ·Wear a hat to protect yourself from the sun． ·Bring a cellphone if you have one． RAFTING Another exciting adventure is rafting．A raft is a small boat that you can use to paddle down rivers and streams．Rafting is a good way to experience nature．If you want a normal rafting trip，choose a quiet stream or river that is wide and has few fallen trees or rocks．If you are looking for more excitement，you may want to try whitewater rafting．Whitewater rafting is more adventurous and difficult than normal rafting．It is done on rivers and streams where the water moves quickly. You have to be careful not to hit rocks，trees and other dangers．The name“whitewater”comes from the fact that the water in these streams and rivers looks white when it moves quickly． As with hiking you should always think about your safety and wear good clothes．You also need to learn the basic skills of rafting, such as how to handle the raft, how to paddle and how to get in and out of the raft. You should not go rafting unless you know how to swim, and you should always wear a life jacket. Choose the correct answers． 1. Adventure travellers want to____________. A. experience fun and excitement B. meet new friends C. try new kinds of food D. visit famous sites or beautiful places 2. Hiking is a kind of adventure travel because __________________. A .it is not expensive B. it is exciting C. you need a lot of equipment for it D. you will often put yourself in danger 3. While hiking or rafting，it is important to think about__________________. A. cost B. excitement C. fun D. safety 4. Before you go rafting，you do not have to __________________. A. learn rafting skills B know how to swim C. put on a life jacket D. wear leather shoes 5. Which of the following is the most difficult? A .Normal rafting. B. Stream rafting. C. Whitewater rafting. D. Rock rafting. B Jane and Betty are going on separate holidays in a few days’ time． JANE：Hello，Betty．When are you off to Guangzhou? BETTY：Next Thursday evening． JANE：How are you getting to the airport? Is anybody seeing you off? BETTY：Yes，my brother Bob is going with me to the airport. My plane leaves at seven，so I think we’ll take a taxi．Are you going anywhere for the holidays? JANE： Yes，I'm going to Xi’an with my parents on Friday． BETTY：How are you getting there? Bv train? JANE： No, by air．Well，I must be off．See you when I get back．Have a nice time in Guangzhou． And say“Hi”to Bob for me． ’ BETTY：Of course．Have a good trip. JANE：Thanks．The same to you．Bye． C Eco-travel is a form of travel that combines normal tourism with learning. Instead of simply travelling for pleasure, you can use your trip as a way to protect the environment. Normal tourism is often bad for the environment, and tourists often cause problems. Eco-travel, on the other hand, is a way to travel responsibly. Eco-tourists want to learn about the world so that they can make it better, or at least understand it better. Eco-travel is a way to find out what can be done to help animals and plants as well as people. D Integrating Skills Big Fish, Big Adventure If you are looking for all unusual experience, maybe you should try going for a swim with one of the world’s most beautiful creatures—the dolphin．Swimming with dolphins is a wonderful adventure that will fill your heart with happiness. Dolphins are not only beautiful and friendly, but they also seem to bring joy to anyone who comes near them．Janet，a doctor from