初一英语知识点(下册)

初一英语知识点(下册)初一英语知识点初一英语知识点(下册) 1. Could I use your pen? 2. listen to sb listen carefully 3. be careful =look out 4. go home go to work go to bed go to school go to the classroom 5. February the eighteenth 6. Could you help me? Sure/Certainly/Of course 7. It has no...

初一英语知识点初一英语知识点(下册) 1. Could I use your pen? 2. listen to sb listen carefully 3. be careful =look out 4. go home go to work go to bed go to school go to the classroom 5. February the eighteenth 6. Could you help me? Sure/Certainly/Of course 7. It has no eyes or ears. =It doesn’t have eyes or ears. =It has no eyes and no ears 8. Guess what it is. Guess how old he is. 9. Heavy(反) light Empty(反)full Hungry(反)full 10. be full of The box is full of books. full of Please give her the bag full of apples. 11. so young a boy =such a young boy 12. Let me help you carry it. 13. want sth want to do sth want sb to do sth 14. All the students are good. Both my hands are clean All of the students are good Both of my hands are clean. The students are all good. My hands are both clean. He gives all of us eggs. He gives both of us eggs. 15. A bottle of … A basket of … A cup of … A bag of … 16. Are all the things in the car now? 17. He is away. put …away You should put your things away. =You should put away your things. 18. What else can you see? =What other things can you see? something else 19. The other+单数=the other 两者中另一 The other+复数=the others 其余 Other +复数=others 另外 Another+单数=another 三者以上另一 20. My bike is broken. 21. get down get up get sth for sb get home get there get to school get to the shop 22. What’s wrong? What’s wrong with sb/sth? 23. in the tree on the tree 24. Don’t worry. worry about sb/sth =be worried about sb/sth I worry about my study. =I am worried about my study. 25. I think so I don’t think so 26. come this way 27. thank goodness 28. mend the bike 29. knife(pl) knives 30. There is no picture. 31. I have no books. =I don’t have any books. =I haven’t books. 32. Thank you very much =Thank you a lot --That’s OK/That’s all right/It’s my pleasure /You’re welcome 33. 反义词同（近）义词同音词 Hungry-full Easy-hard High-low Tall –short Close-open Closed-open Cheap-expensive A lot=very much What about= How about Fast-quick Fast-quickly Put on-take off Expensive-dear Write-right 34. It’s time for supper =It’s time to have supper. 35. have some water 36. What’s your favourite food? 37. 区分可数名词与不可数名词可数名词不可数名词 1.可用a/an,数词修饰，有复数 a book, a cake 1.不能用a/an,数词修饰，无复数 2.可用some, any, a lot of(lots of)修饰 some books, any cakes a lot of pears 2.可用some, any, a lot of(lots of)修饰 some food, any meat a lot of rice 3.专门修饰可数名词复数的有 many, few, a few many books, a few eggs 3.专门修饰不可数名词的有 much, little, a little much water, a little money 4.可用计量词修饰，用复数 a basket of eggs two boxes of books many bags of pears 4.可用计量詞修饰 a cup of tea two glasses of juice many bags of rice a kilo of meat 38. would like sth=want sth I would like an apple=I want an apple. Would you like an apple? =Do you want an apple? I wouldn’t like an apple =I don’t want an apple. 39. would like to do sth =want to do sth I’d like to go home. =I want to go home. 40. What would you like? 41. something to drink something to eat something to play nothing to eat 42. a piece of 43. have some/much/no time to do sth I have no time to go home for lunch. 44. have sports =do sport 45. be good at sth=do well in sth be good at doing sth =do well in doing sth 46. play basketball play football play volleyball 47. pass sth to sb =pass sb sth I pass a book to him. =I pass him a book. pass sth on to sb =pass on sth to sb 48. Let me try try sth on =try on sth try to do sth 49. want a go 50. throw sth away 51. fly a kite 52. Throw it like this. Don’t throw it like that. 53. 情态动词的用法can must could 1.无人称和数的变化，后接动词原形 He can swim. I can swim. They can swim. 2.否定句在情态动词加not He can’t swim. I can’t swim. 3.疑问句情态动词提前 Can he swim? Can you swim? 4.回答一般用情态动词，有些特殊的 Could you help me? –Sure Could I borrow your pen? -Certainly, here you are. 54. a basketball fan 55. basketball player 56. on the school football team 57. every day every Friday every Friday morning 58. 现在进行时（一）结构 be+Ving 肯定句：He is reading a book. 否定句：He isn’t reading a book. 一般疑问句：Is he reading a book? 肯定回答：Yes, he is 否定回答：No, he isn’t （二）Ving的变法 1. 一般加ing, looking, doing, playing 2. 以不发音的e结尾，去掉e加ing skating, making, living 3. 以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写此辅音字母加ing putting, running, getting, beginning, swimming, forgetting, hitting, sitting, traveling, preferring, cutting, shopping （三）用法 1.说话时正在进行 -Where is Tom? –He is over there -He is having a class. 2.现阶段正在进行 What are you doing these days? -I am playing football these days. 3.有如下标志词：now, Look, Listen We are having lunch now. Look, Tom is playing volleyball. Listen, He is singing. 4. 表示将来 I’m coming. He is going shopping 59. do one’s homework 60. read a book watch TV watch a football match look at the blackboard see a film see a doctor 61. draw a picture 62. talk with sb talk about sth Say接说的内容 Say it in English Say “Hello” to sb say sth to sb Speak 说话，说某种语言 He can’t speak Don’t speak to me. speak French Talk with sb about sth 讨论，谈论 I’m talking about the film with Jim. Tell讲述，判断 I can tell the difference between them. Tell sb sth 63. close the door open the door 64. take photos 65. 穿衣服单词后接衣服表状态 Wear 穿着 He is wearing a coat. He often wears a hat. In穿着 He is in a coat. The man in a hat is Li 表动作 Put on 穿上 Put on your coat. Put your coat on 不接衣服表动作 Dress穿 Dress sb Dress oneself 66. 一般现在时（一）结构含系动词be 按口诀，表示现在的状态肯定句：He is eleven. 否定句：He isn’t eleven. 疑问句：Is he eleven? 肯定回答：Yes, he is. 否定回答：No, he isn’t 含行为动词当主语是第一、二人称或复数肯定句：动词用原形 I go to school early. 否定句：在动词前加don’t I don’t go to school early. 疑问句：在句子前加Do Do you go to school early? 肯定回答：Yes, I do. 否定回答：No, I don’t 当主语是第三人称单数肯定句：动词变单数 He goes to school early. 否定句：在动词前加doesn’t,动词改原形 He doesn’t go to school early. 疑问句：在句子前加Does, 动词改原形 Does he go to school early? 肯定回答：Yes, he does. 否定回答：No, he doesn’t （二）用法表示现在的状态 I am here. -Where is Jim? -He is over there. 表示习惯性或经常发生的动作常有sometimes, often, never, every day/week, every morning等标志词（三）动词变单数 1. 一般加s, looks, likes, takes 2. 以s, x, ch, sh, o结尾加es watches, passes, goes, does 3. 以辅音加y结尾，改y为I加es studies, carries, 4. 不规则 have-has 67. go to the shop go shopping 68. at this time of day 69. –What day is it today? -It’s Monday. 70. –What’s the time? –It’s ten. -What time is it? –It’s ten. 71. It’s open 24 hours. 72. an English-Chinese dictionary 73. give sth back to sb give back sth to sb I give some money back to her =I give back some money to her. 74. next Monday 75. give sb a hand =help sb Can you give me a hand? =Can you help me? 76. in the evening =at night 77. May I speak to Jim? =Speaking 78. There’s something wrong with the bike. There’s nothing wrong with the kite. =There isn’t anything wrong with the kite 79. after class after school 80. help sb with sth help sb do sth help sb to do sth 81. have a (good) rest 82. It takes sb some time to do sth It takes me an hour to do my homework. It takes time. 83. I use a bike to go to school. =I go to school by bike I use a knife to cut a cake. =I cut a cake with a knife 84. at No. 14 Middle School 85. have sth to do 86. on Monday on Tuesday morning on Wednesday afternoon on the night of Thursday in the morning 87. Can I get you something to drink? =Can I get something to drink for you? 88. have a big breakfast 89. three or four eggs 90. That’s all. Is that all? 91. worry about sb/sth be worried about sb/sth Don’t worry about him. =Don’t be worried about him. 92. How big is it? -It’s about this big. 93. It looks very much like yours. He looks very much like his father. 94. What does that say? -It says “closed”. 95. learn sth from sb He learns English from me. 96. bring sth back 97. 国家首都人语言 The PRC/ China Beijing Chinese Chinese The USA/ American Washington American English Canada Ottawa Canadian English The UK/ England London Englishman English Australia Canberra Australian English Japan Tokyo Japanese Japanese France Paris Frenchman French 98. each other 99. have a meeting 100. have something to do 101. There is no difference. 102. be friendly to sb 103. have a good time =play happily 104. Let’s be good friends. 105. No smoking No photos No parking 106. leave for school =go to school 107. the map of the world 108. How do you like China? =What do you think of China? -Very much 109. What do you like about China? -The people and the food 110. Do you speak Chinese? -Yes, but only a little 111. the Great Wall 112. follow me 113. family name given name 114. teach me English teach sb to do sth 115. stay here stay at home 116. Here is a postcard from Lily to a friend in the USA 117. five days a week 118. 许多 many 修饰可数名词，放肯定、问句、否定句 Much 修饰可数名词，放肯定、问句、否定句 A lot of =lots of 修饰可数与不可数，多用于肯定句中 119. go out for a walk go out 120. ask sb to do sth I ask them to have dinner they ask us to go to their homes for dinner. 121. write to sb 122. make friends make friends with sb 123. Jim is twelve. =Jim is twelve years old. =Jim’s age is twelve. =Jim is a twelve-year-old boy 124. Like介词，像 What is he like? -He is tall -He is like his father =He looks like his father. Throw it like this. Like动词，喜欢 What do you like? I like English. 125. a kind of all kinds of different kinds of 126. morning meal =breakfast evening meal =supper 127. Do you like rice? Yes, I do. I like it a little. I like it very much(a lot). No, I don’t. I don’t like it at all. 128. have sth for breakfast eat sth for lunch 129. Why don’t you go to the toy shop? =Why not go to the toy shop? 130. do the housework 131. make phone calls to sb make a phone call to sb give sb a call give a call to sb call sb telephone sb 132. do some cooking do some washing do some shopping do some cleaning 133. What else can I do? =What other things can I do? 134. What does he do? =What is he? =What’s his job? What do you do?=What are you? =What’s your job? 135. Where does he work? 136. I want to be a writer. What do you want to be? 137. take turns It’s one’s turn to do sth 138. Nice to meet you. =Nice meeting you. 139. have a party 140. Chinese medicine 141. in the day 142. make money make much money 143. at weekend on weekdays 144. love to work for sb 145. English books on Chinese medicine about 146. When do you get up? 147. Class begins Classes begin. Class is over. 148. right now 149. wash one’s face 150. get home get to school get to the shop 151. go shopping go swimming go fishing go boating 152. I ride a bike to school. =I go to school on my bike. =I go to school by bike 153. on the playground 154. No news is good news. 155. There is a bridge over the river. 156. in the sky 157. How long does it take you to do your homework? 158. too much money too many apples You eat too much. 159. Don’t you usually come to school by bike? Yes, I do. 160. Isn’t the sun bigger than the moon? -Yes, it is 161. Walking is good Is listening to music bad? No, it isn’t. 162. It’s a fine day for walking It’s a fine day for a walk. 163. The air today is nice and clean. The air today is very clean. 164. A is far (away) from B A is 5Km (away) from B far与具体路程不能同时出现在一个句子当中 My home is far away. My home is 5Km from school. How far…? How far is your home from school? 165. It’s about 10 minutes by bike. It’s about 20 minutes on foot. =It’s about 20 minutes’ walk. 166. be late for school/ class/ work/ meeting 167. stay in bed read in bed 168. at the right time 169. with tears in his eyes The teacher comes in with books in his hand. 170. buy sth for sb buy sb sth 171. 修饰不可数名词修饰可数名词 A little肯定，一点儿 A few肯定，一些 Little否定，几乎没有 Few否定，几乎没有 172. a kilo of apples two kilos of meat half a kilo of milk 173. What things does it sell? 174. twenty yuan a bag ten yuan a kilo five yuan a bottle 175. How much is the book? How much are the eggs? How much is the meat? 176. May I help you? =Can I help you? =What can I do for you? -Yes, please/ No, thanks 177. Here’s the money. 178. Reading in bed is bad for eyes. 179. How much is the pen? =What’s the price of the pen? 180. No pains, no gains. 日常交际用语简表（Daily Expressions in Communication） 1. 问候 Greetings a. Good morning / afternoon / evening. Hello / Hi. How are you? b. Fine, thank you. And you? Very well, thank you. 2. 介绍 Introductions a. This is Mr / Miss / Mrs.... b. How do you do? Nice / Glad to see / meet you. c. My name is...I'm a student / worker etc. （here）. 3. 告别 Farewells a. I think its time for us to leave now. b. Goodbye! （Bye-bye! Bye!） See you later / tomorrow. （See you.） Good night. 4. 打电话 Making telephone calls a. Hello! May I speak to...? b. Hold on, please. He / She isn't here right now. Can I take a message for you? c. I'm calling to tell / ask you.... d. Goodbye. 5. 感谢和应答 Thanks and responses a. Thank you （very much）. Thanks a lot. Many thanks. Thanks for.... b. Not at all. That's all right. You're welcome. 6. 祝愿、祝贺和应答 Wishes, congratulations and responses a. Good luck! Best wishes to you. Have a nice / good time. Congratulations! b. Thank you. c. Happy New Year! Merry Christmas! Happy birthday to you. d. The same to you. 7. 意愿 Intentions I'm going to.... I will.... I'd like to.... I want / hope to.... 8. 道歉和应答 Apologies and responses a. I'm sorry. （Sorry.） I'm sorry for / about.... Excuse me. b. That's all right. It doesn't matter. That's nothing. 9. 遗憾和同情 Regrets and sympathy What a pity! Im sorry to hear.... 10. 邀请和应答 Invitations and responses a. Will you come to...? Would you like to...? b. Yes, I'd love to.... Yes, it's very kind / nice of you. c. I'd love to, but.... 11. 提供（帮助等）和应答 Offers and responses a. Can I help you? What can I do for you? Here, take this / my.... Let me...for you. Would you like some...? b. Thanks. That would be nice / fine. Thank you for your help. Yes, please. c. No, thanks / thank you. That's very kind of you, but.... 12. 请求允许和应答 Asking for permission and responses a. May I...? Can / Could I...? b. Yes / Certainly. Yes, do please. Of course （you may）. That's OK / all right. c. I'm sorry, but.... You'd better not. 13. 表示同意和不同意 Expressing agreement and disagreement a. Certainly / Sure / Of course. Yes, please. Yes, I think so. That's true. All right / OK. That's a good idea. I agree （with you）. b. No, I don't think so. I'm afraid not. I really can't agree with you. 14. 表示肯定和不肯定 Expressing certainty and uncertainty a. I'm sure. I'm sure （that）.... b. I'm not sure. I'm not sure whether / if.... c. Maybe / Perhaps. 15. 喜好和厌恶 Likes and dislikes a. I like / love...（very much）. I like / love to.... b. I don't like （to）.... I hate （to）.... 16. 谈论天气 Talking about the weather a. What's the weather like today? How's the weather in...? b. It's fine / cloudy / windy / rainy, etc. It's rather warm / cold / hot / etc. today, isn't it? 17. 购物 Shopping a. What can I do for you? May / Can I help you? b. I want / I'd like.... How much is it? That's too much / expensive, I'm afraid. That's fine. I'll take it. Let me have...kilo / box, etc. c. How many / much do you want? What colour / size / kind / do you want? d. Do you have any other kind / size / colour, ect. ? 18. 问路和应答 Asking the way and responses a. Excuse me. Where's the men's / ladies' room? Excuse me, can you tell me the way to...? How can I get to...? I don't know the way. b. Go down this street. Turn right / left at the first / second crossing. It's about...metres from here. 19. 问时间或日期和应答 Asking the time or date and responses a. What day is （it）today? What's the date today? What time is it? What's the time, please? b. It's Monday / Tuesday, etc. It's January 10th. It's five o'clock / half past five / a quarter to five / five thirty, etc. It's time for.... 20. 请求 Requests a. Can / Could you...for me? Will / Would you please...? May I have...? b. Please give / pass me.... Please wait （here / a moment）. Please wait （for）your turn. Please stand in line / line up. Please hurry. 21. 劝告和建议 Advice and suggestions a. You'd better.... You should.... You need （to）.... b. Shall we...? Let's.... What / How about...? 22. 禁止和警告 Prohibition and warnings a. You can't / mustn't.... If you..., you'll.... b. Take care! Be careful! 23. 表示感情 Expressing certain emotions a. 喜悦 Pleasure, joy I'm glad / pleased / happy to.... That's nice. That's wonderful / great. b. 焦虑 Anxiety What's wrong? What's the matter （with you）? I'm / He's / She's worried. Oh, what shall I / we do? c. 惊奇 Surprise Really? Oh, dear! Is that so? 24. 就餐 Taking meals a. What would you like to have? Would you like something to eat / drink? b. I'd like.... Would you like some more...? Help yourself to some.... c. Thank you. I've had enough. / Just a little, please. 25. 约会 Making appointments a. Are you free this afternoon / evening? How about tomorrow morning / afternoon / evening? Shall we meet at 4:30 at...? b. Yes, that's all right. Yes, I'll be free then. c. No, I won't be free then. But I'll be free.... d. All right. See you then. 26. 传递信息 Passing on a message a. Will you please give this note / message to...? b. asked me to give you this note. c. Thanks for the message. 27. 看病 Seeing the doctor a. There's something wrong with.... I've got a cough. I feel terrible （bad）. I don't feel well. I've got a pain here. This place hurts. b. Take this medicine three times a day. It's nothing serious. You'll be all right / well soon. 28. 求助 Calling for help a. Help! b. What's the matter? 29. 处理交际中的障碍 Language difficulties Pardon. Please say that again / more slowly. What do you mean by...? I'm sorry I can't follow you. I'm sorry I know only a little English. 30. 常见的标志和说明 Some common signs and instructions BUSINESS HOURS FRAGILE OFFICE HOURS THIS SIDE UP OPEN MENU CLOSED NO SMOKING PULL NO PARKING PUSH NO PHOTOS ON DANGER! OFF PLAY ENTRANCE STOP EXIT PAUSE INSTRUCTIONS

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