SEA 301 - Politics and Regionalism in ASEAN

UNIVERSITI SAINS MALAYSIA First Semester Examination Academic Session 2004/2005 October 2004 SEA 301 - Politics and Regionalism in ASEAN Duration: 3hours Please check that this examination paper consists of THREE pages of printed material before you begin the examination. Answer ONE (1) question in Section I, ONE (1) question in Section 11, and ONE (1) question in Section III. . . .2/- - 2 - [SEA 3011 Section I Answer ONE question from the two questions pertaining to article of Bjorn Hettne on Global Market versus Regionalism. What do you understand by old regionalism and new regionalism, hegemonic regionalism and autonomous regionalism, particularistic regionalism and universalistic regionalism? How would you situate ASEAN in these regionalisms? Explain the paragraph attached taken from Bjorn Hettne’s article with regard to hegemony. Is the US a hegemonic power in this definition of hegemony? Are there other hegemonic powers in the world in this definition? “Hegemony is a special kind of power, based on different but mutually supportive dimensions, fulfilling certain functions (providing international collective goods) in a larger system which lacks a formal authority structure and, consequently, is more or less voluntarily accepted by other actors. A hegemony is primarily a consensual order, such as was analysed by Gramsci in a national (Italian) context. This implies that hegemony can decline simply as a consequence of a legitimacy deficit, even if the coercive power resources as such should remain intact. It also implies that a reduction in military capability is compatible with the maintenance of a hegemonic position - to the extent that the leadership role of the hegemon for various pragmatic reasons continues to be accepted. Since a social order is necessary, any order is preferable to anarchy, or what Polanyi called the utopian project of the rule of the market.” Section I1 Answer ONE question only. 3. 4. ASEAN is said to be the child of the Cold War. Why do we say this? But nevertheless ASEAN’s formation came at the end of a difficult relationship between countries of S.E. Asia which marred relations even after ASEA”s formation in its first years. Explain this difficult relationship. For ASEAN to function, it had its structure of bodies. What are the main bodies of this structure which were added on over time? Can you explain why these bodies were established? (How did they begin in the first place? Were they set up because of changing priorities? What priorities? Out of necessity?) . . .3/- - 3 - [SEA 3011 Section I11 Answer ONE question only. 5 . Comment on the Agreement on the Common Effective Preferential Tariff Scheme for the ASEAN Free Trade Area. (What do you draw from it? What do you think are the intentions and motivations behind this Agreement? What do they hope to achieve?) 6. Comment on the Declaration of ASEAN Concord II. (What do you draw from it? What do you think are the intentions and motivations behind this Agreement? What do they hope to achieve?) - 00 000 00 -