漫谈全球采购与供应管理新趋势

???????????? ?????????????? ??? ??? CAPM ???????? 2004.09.08 ???????????? • Supply Management Definition • Key Supply Issues / Trends • ISM Principles of Social Responsibility • Procuring e-Procurement ?????????????? ???????????? ISM (????????) www.ism.ws ???????????? ISM’s definition of supply management – we have moved beyond purchasing. The identification, acquisition, access, positioning, and management of resources the organization needs or potentially needs in the attainment of its strategic objectives. Supply Management Definition ???????????? Identification Looking for opportunities in the marketplace - new materials, new technologies, new suppliers, new products or services. Acquisition Creating strategies for seeking and using sources, developing relationships internally and externally. Access Gaining use or potential use of something of value; accessing resources and assets available in the market that the organization can use. Supply Management Definition ???????????? Positioning Position the organization for marketplace competitive advantage; enhanced role from narrow supply base assessment, buying, and supplier management that now includes leadership and management of suppliers Management of Resources Internal and external; financial and human resources. Supply Management Definition ???????????? Supply management is: future oriented, senior-management critical, strategic in relation to the competitive imperatives of the organization, and a significant contributor to marketplace intelligence and profitability. Supply Management Definition ???????????? Components included under the Supply Management umbrella are: Supply Management Definition ƒ disposition/investment ƒ distribution ƒ inventory control ƒ logistics ƒ manufacturing ƒ material management ƒ packaging ƒ procurement/purchasing ƒ product/service development ƒ quality ƒ receiving ƒ transportation/traffic shipping ƒ warehousing ???????????? Supply Management Definition The Range from Buying to Supply Buying Procurement Supply • Process orders • Bidding and negotiation • Expediting / tracing • Three way matches • Price, delivery, quality • Make orders and system more efficient • Plan volumes • Cost manage the flow • Negotiate systems • Corral buying power • Anything on the supply side of the firm is fair game • New revenues are as important as cost savings • Shape and influence the supply market and inbound chain of flows • The “Chain”: physical financial informational relational • Analyze and suggest supply opportunities and options to the firm • Supply results = financial results • Access for the firm what it needs but does not have capital, time, talent, or technology to develop on its own ActivitiesTraditional Value-Add Strategic Contribution to the Firm ???????????? General: Companies will need to become more agile in a changing marketplace adapting swiftly to optimize cost and service levels will minimizing waste. Supply management can play a key role. Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Technology ƒ will continue to bring radical shifts in many industries ƒ future innovations will impact product design, manufacturing, and operational processes ƒ new services procurement technologies will produce the greatest changes in procurement technology Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Purchasing Services ƒ Approximately 33% of a typical organization’s spend is on services; supply management manages less than 10% ƒ Significant area of impact for supply manager ƒ Next 5 years services spend is expected to increase 13% on average Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Purchasing Services (continued) ƒ Formal supplier management programs: travel, temporary staffing, telecommunications, ƒ information technology, construction/engineering, printing/copying ƒ 70% of CAPS Research services survey participants reported buying services is more difficult than purchasing goods and more difficult to manage Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Supplier Relationships ƒ Remains a critical function for supply manager ƒ Role is to leverage the supply base to achieve cost leadership, fuel innovation, and support revenue growth ƒ Concentrate on products and services that are of high value and uniqueness ƒ View suppliers as sources for innovation; leverage capabilities through collaboration Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Globalization and Outsourcing ƒ Not a new strategy ƒ Recent increase in: - Number of companies pursuing a global supply base - Variety of countries being considered - Quantity and variety of items being pursued and acquired - Trend will continue and grow into the future Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Globalization and Outsourcing (continued) Challenges ƒ Operational complexities: right product mix, supply sources and network of facilities ƒ Supplier relationships and identification ƒ Technology and information systems ƒ Risks to business continuity ƒ Financial and legal issues Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Globalization and Outsourcing (continued) Challenges ƒ Intellectual property protection ƒ Changing supply and demand markets because of demographic issues ƒ Supply managers should work in different positions around the world to develop into global thinkers Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? Globalization and Outsourcing (continued) ƒ Outsourcing critical success factor based on CAPS Research, A.T. Kearney, and Arizona State University study is the involvement of supply management Key Supply Issues / Trends ???????????? ISM Principles of Social Responsibilities Social Responsibility Initiatives • ISM introduced at Annual International Conference in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in April 2004 • Support companies to date: • Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) • Alcoa Inc. • A.T. Kearney • DC Chamber of Commerce • Delphi Corporation • Highmark Inc. • Hilton Hotels Corporation • Howard University School of Business • IBM Corporation • MCI • Pfizer Inc • Public Service Enterprise Group, Incorporated (PSEG) • Ryder System Inc. • Sappi Fine Paper North America • SBC Services • Science Applications International Corporation (SAIC) ???????????? Social Responsibility Definition A framework of measurable corporate policies and procedures and resulting behavior designed to benefit the workplace and by extension, the individual, the organization, and the community in the following areas: Social Responsibility ???????????? Community ƒ Provide support and add value to your communities and those of your supply chain. ƒ Encourage members of your supply chain to add value in their communities. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Diversity ƒ Proactively promote purchasing from, and the development of, socially diverse suppliers. ƒ Encourage diversity within your own organization. ƒ Proactively promote diverse employment practices throughout the supply chain. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Environment ƒ Encourage your own organization and others to be proactive in examining opportunities to be environmentally responsible within their supply chains either “upstream” or “downstream.” ƒ Encourage the environmental responsibility of your suppliers. ƒ Encourage the development and diffusion of environmentally friendly practices and products throughout your organization. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Ethics ƒ Be aware of ISM’s Principles and Standards of Ethical Supply Management Conduct. ƒ Abide by your organization’s code of conduct. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Financial Responsibility ƒ Become knowledgeable of, and follow, applicable financial standards and requirements. ƒ Apply sound financial practices and ensure transparency in financial dealings. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Human Rights ƒ Treat people with dignity and respect. ƒ Support and respect the protection of international human rights within the organization’s sphere of influence. ƒ Encourage your organization and its supply chains to avoid any participation in human or employment rights abuses. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Safety ƒ Promote a safe environment for each employee in your organization and supply chain. (Each organization is responsible for defining “safe” within its organization.) ƒ Support the continuous development and diffusion of safety practices throughout your organization and the supply chain. Social Responsibility Components ???????????? Benefits of an e-Procurement System ƒ Boosting compliance by driving purchases to preferred suppliers, resulting in increased purchase volume and additional leverage for unit price decreases ƒ Shorter transaction and fulfillment cycles ƒ Better communication of policies and procedures ƒ A single, dynamic approval process for commodities and expenses ƒ Greater empowerment of end users (customers), reducing staffing demands in the supply management and payment organizations Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Benefits of an e-Procurement System (continued) ƒ Consolidation of multiple applications and systems into a single procurement system ƒ Increased ability to monitor supplier performance (e.g., adherence to contracted prices, leadtime, quality, and payment) ƒ Improved inventory management ƒ Improved analysis, tracking, and control of spending Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? End-User Requirements ƒ Easy access from anywhere in the organization (including in-home offices) ƒ Easy searching capabilities for needed suppliers or services ƒ Comparison shopping/payment options (rent, buy, lease) ƒ One-stop requisitioning for multiple items ƒ Controlled approval process ƒ Electronic links to suppliers ƒ Electronic transactions for orders, inquiries, invoicing, and payments ƒ Ability to monitor supplier performance ƒ Ability to monitor purchasing activity and compliance Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Functional Requirements ƒ Ease of use ƒ Multi-catalog/content management engine ƒ Shopping-cart capability ƒ Workflow engine ƒ Online status checks ƒ Financial settlement ƒ Search function ƒ Reporting/query tools ƒ Matching ƒ Data transmission Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Technology Requirements ƒ Personalization software ƒ Security/authentication tools ƒ Application Program Interface (APIs) / adapters ƒ EDI / Electronic Funds Transfer (EFT) ƒ Multiple options for communicating with suppliers - EDI, e-mail, XML, and automated fax Open Buying on the Internet (OBI) Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Evaluating an e-Procurement software supplier ƒ Customization ƒ Code ownership ƒ Scalability ƒ Implementation time ƒ Training ƒ Supplier stability / longevity ƒ Experience Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Ideas for Successful Implementation ƒ to look for and obtain senior management support ƒ to look for a system that will be easy to administer – the goal to create less, not more, work for the supply management, finance, and information systems departments. A system should be free professionals to focus on strategic supplier management rather than tie them down with operational details. Procuring e-Procurement ???????????? Steve Lai ??? stevelai@capm.org.tw www.capm.org.tw Questions and Answers ???????????? ??? THANK YOU VERY MUCH!