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七年制neonate儿科总论

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七年制neonate儿科总论nullnullNeonates & Disturbances in NeonatesPediatric Department of First Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Lin Niyang nullGeneral ConsiderationsnullNeonate, Newborn Any infants before 28 days after ligation of umbilical cord. Perinatology ...

七年制neonate儿科总论
nullnullNeonates & Disturbances in NeonatesPediatric Department of First Hospital of Shantou University Medical College Lin Niyang nullGeneral ConsiderationsnullNeonate, Newborn Any infants before 28 days after ligation of umbilical cord. Perinatology The subject about the influence factors to the pregnant women, fetus and neonates in perinatal period.Neonatology The subject about the physiology, pathology and disease prevention and health care of neonates.nullWHO standard live birth: Any infant whose birth weight larger than 500g with one or more of the manifestations below: respiration, heart beat, pulsation of umbilical vessel or muscle contraction.※Classifications of neonates ※Special features & nursing of full-term and preterm infants※Classifications of neonates ※Special features & nursing of full-term and preterm infantsClassifications of neonatesClassifications of neonates 1 by gestational age(GA): ○ term infant:≥ 37 we and < 42 we 足月儿 ○ preterm infant:< 37 we 早产儿 ○ post-term infant:≥ 42 we 过期产儿 1 by gestational age(GA): ○ term infant:≥ 37 we and < 42 we 足月儿 ○ preterm infant:< 37 we 早产儿 ○ post-term infant:≥ 42 we 过期产儿2 by birth weight(BW): ◎extremely low birth weight (ELBW): BW < 1000g 超低出生体重儿 ◎very low birth weight (VLBW): BW < 1000g 极低出生体重儿 ◎low birth weight infant (LBW): BW < 2500g 低出生体重儿 ◎normal birth weight infant (NBW): BW 2500g-4000g 正常体重儿 ◎macrosomia: BW> 4000g 巨大儿2 by birth weight(BW): ◎extremely low birth weight (ELBW): BW < 1000g 超低出生体重儿 ◎very low birth weight (VLBW): BW < 1000g 极低出生体重儿 ◎low birth weight infant (LBW): BW < 2500g 低出生体重儿 ◎normal birth weight infant (NBW): BW 2500g-4000g 正常体重儿 ◎macrosomia: BW> 4000g 巨大儿3 by the relationship between birth weight and gestational age: □ small for gestational age infant(SGA)* 小于胎龄儿(足月小样儿) □ appropriate for gestational age infant(AGA) 适于胎龄儿 □ large for gestational age infant(LGA) 大于胎龄儿3 by the relationship between birth weight and gestational age: □ small for gestational age infant(SGA)* 小于胎龄儿(足月小样儿) □ appropriate for gestational age infant(AGA) 适于胎龄儿 □ large for gestational age infant(LGA) 大于胎龄儿null4 by the weeks age after birth: early newborn: within 1w 早期新生儿 late newborn: 2-4w 晚期新生儿4 by the weeks age after birth: early newborn: within 1w 早期新生儿 late newborn: 2-4w 晚期新生儿5 high risk infant: 高危儿 had suffered or may suffer from severe diseases.High risk factors: maternal factors, abnormal pregnant and labor, neonatal diseases Lever Ⅰnursery Lever Ⅱ nursery Lever Ⅲ nursery neonatal intensive care unit,NICU Lever Ⅰnursery Lever Ⅱ nursery Lever Ⅲ nursery neonatal intensive care unit,NICU6 Grading of the neonatal wardSpecial Features & Nursing of term and Preterm InfantsSpecial Features & Nursing of term and Preterm InfantsNormal term infant Any live infant whose gestational age is from 37 to 42 weeks with birth weight≥ 2.5kg and ≤4kg, mature systems and organs and no malformation or disease. Normal term infant Any live infant whose gestational age is from 37 to 42 weeks with birth weight≥ 2.5kg and ≤4kg, mature systems and organs and no malformation or disease. Preterm infant(premature infant) Any live infant whose gestational age is before 37 weeks with birth weight< 2.5kg and immature systems and organs.null1 Comparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infants1 Comparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsnullComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparison of the features between preterm and term infantComparison of the features between preterm and term infantComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infantsComparisons of the outlooks of the preterm and full-term infants2 physiologic features 2 physiologic features null2.1 respiratory system first cry fluid in the lung respiratory rate and rhyme respiratory tract pulmonary surfactantnull2.2 cardiovascular system: changes of the blood circulation: *deligation of the umbilical artery and vein *foundation of the pulmonary circulation *pressure of the systemic circulation↑ *shutting of the foramen ovale *shutting of the arterial duct persistent fetal circulation,PFC heart rate and blood pressurenull2.3 digestive system suck and swallow stomach sphincter of the esophagus and pyloric Intestine digestive enzyme Meconium hepatic enzymenull2.4 urinary system urine concentration and dilution micturition and urine volume exclude sodium acid-base balance renal glucose threshold later metabolic acidosisnull2.5 hematology system HGB, HbF, physiological anemia Ret WBC PLT total blood volume coagulation factors(II VII IX X)null2.6 neurological system brain weight head circumference spinal cord primary reflex: rooting reflex, sucking reflex, grasp reflex, Moro reflex nervous reflexnull2.7 body temperature body temperature regulation neutral temperature 2.8 immunity system non-specific immunity specific immunity 2.9 energy & body fluid metabolism calorie demand fluid demand electron demand 2.10 special physiologic condition physiologic jaundice 生理性黄疸 epithelial ball 上皮珠 fat pad 脂肪垫、螳螂嘴 hyperplasic of mammary glands 乳腺肿大 pseudomenstruation 假月经 skin rash 新生儿红斑、粟粒疹 physiologic loss of body weight 生理性体重下降 2.10 special physiologic condition physiologic jaundice 生理性黄疸 epithelial ball 上皮珠 fat pad 脂肪垫、螳螂嘴 hyperplasic of mammary glands 乳腺肿大 pseudomenstruation 假月经 skin rash 新生儿红斑、粟粒疹 physiologic loss of body weight 生理性体重下降 3 Nursing of fullterm & preterm infants 3 Nursing of fullterm & preterm infants keeping warm feeding respiratory tract management prevention of infection skin & mucous membrane nursing prophylactic vaccination neonatal screening keeping warm feeding respiratory tract management prevention of infection skin & mucous membrane nursing prophylactic vaccination neonatal screeningnullnullnull 总 结 *1. 新生儿定义、分类 (English words); *2. 早产儿与正常足月儿外观特点比较; 3. 早产儿与足月儿生理特征及护理; *4. 几种特殊生理状态. 总 结 *1. 新生儿定义、分类 (English words); *2. 早产儿与正常足月儿外观特点比较; 3. 早产儿与足月儿生理特征及护理; *4. 几种特殊生理状态.
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