《澳门特别行政区基本法》中英文对照

The Basic Law of The Macao Special Administrative Region of The People's Republic of China Order of the President of the People's Republic of China No.3 中华人民共和国主席令第三号公布 　　The Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China which is composed of the Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region(attachment I), the Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region(attachment II), the National Laws to Be Applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region(attachment III) and the regional flag and the form of the regional emblem of the Macao Special Administrative Region, has been adopted at the First Session of the Eighth National People's Congress on March 31, 1993, and promulgated hereby for implementation as of December 20, 1999. 《中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法》经１９９３年３月３１日第八届全国人民代表大会第一次会议通过，１９９３年３月３１日中华人民共和国主席令第三号公布 ，１９９９年１２月２０日起实施 President of the People's Republic of China: Jiang Zemin 中华人民共和国主席 江泽民 March 31, 1993 1993年3月31日 Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法 Contents 目 录 Preamble 前 言 Chapter I General Principles 第一章 总 则 Chapter II Relationship Between the Central Authorities and the Macao Special Administrative Region 第二章 中央和澳门特别行政区的关系 Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents 第三章 居民的基本权利和义务 Chapter IV Political Structure 第四章 政治体制 Section 1 The Chief Executive 第一节 行政长官 Section 2 The Executive Authorities 第二节 行政机关 Section 3 The Legislature 第三节 立法机关 Section 4 The Judiciary 第四节 司法机关 Section 5 Municipal Organs 第五节 市政机构 Section 6 Public Servants 第六节 公务人员 Section 7 Swearing Allegiance 第七节 宣誓效忠 Chapter V Economy 第五章 经 济 Chapter VI Cultural and Social Affairs 第六章 文化和社会事务 Chapter VII External Affairs 第七章 对外事务 Chapter VIII Interpretation and Amendment of the Basic Law 第八章 本法的解释和修改 Chapter IX Supplementary Provisions 第九章 附 则 Annex I Method for the Selection of the Chief Executive of the Macao Special Administrative Region 一：澳门特别行政区行政长官的产生办法 Annex II Method for the Formation of the Legislative Council of the Macao Special Administrative Region 二：澳门特别行政区立法会的产生办法 Annex III National Laws Be Applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region 三：在澳门特别行政区实施的全国性法律 Preamble 序 言 Macao, including the Macao Peninsula, Taipa Island and Coloane Island, has been part of the territory of China since ancient times; it was gradually occupied by Portugal after the mid-16th century. On April 13, 1987, the Chinese and Portuguese Governments signed the Joint Declaration on the Question of Macao, affirming that the Government of the People's Republic of China will resume the exercise of sovereignty over Macao with effect from December 20, 1999, thus fulfilling the long-cherished common aspiration of the Chinese people for the recovery of Macao. 澳门，包括澳门半岛、凼仔岛和路环岛，自古以来就是中国的领土，十六世纪中叶以后被葡萄牙逐步占领。一九八七年四月十三日，中葡两国政府签署了关于澳门问题的联合声明，确认中华人民共和国政府于一九九九年十二月二十日恢复对澳门行使主权，从而实现了长期以来中国人民收回澳门的共同愿望。 Upholding national unity and territorial integrity, contributing to social stability and economic development, and taking account of its history and realities, the People's Republic of China has decided that, upon China's resumption of the exercise of sovereignty over Macao, a Macao Special Administrative Region will be established in accordance with the provisions of Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, and that under the principle of "one country, two systems," the socialist system and policies will not be practiced in Macao. 　　为了维护国家的统一和领土完整，有利于澳门的社会稳定和经济发展，考虑到澳门的历史和现实情况，国家决定，在对澳门恢复行使主权时，根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条的规定，设立澳门特别行政区，并按照“一个国家，两种 制度 关于办公室下班关闭电源制度矿山事故隐患举报和奖励制度制度下载人事管理制度doc盘点制度下载 ”的方针，不在澳门实行社会主义的制度和政策。 The basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Macao have been elaborated by the Chinese Government in the Sino-Portuguese Joint Declaration. 　　国家对澳门的基本方针政策，已由中国政府在中葡联合声明中予以阐明。 In accordance with the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the National People's Congress hereby enacts the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, prescribing the systems to be practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, in order to ensure the implementation of the basic policies of the People's Republic of China regarding Macao. 　　根据中华人民共和国宪法，全国人民代表大会特制定中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区基本法，规定澳门特别行政区实行的制度，以保障国家对澳门的基本方针政策的实施。 Chapter I General Principles 第一章 总 则 Article 1 The Macao Special Administrative Region is an inalienable part of the People's Republic of China. 第一条 澳门特别行政区是中华人民共和国不可分离的部分。 Article 2 The National People's Congress authorizes the Macao Special Administrative Region to exercise a high degree of autonomy and enjoy executive, legislative and independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication, in accordance with the provisions of this Law. 第二条 中华人民共和国全国人民代表大会授权澳门特别行政区依照本法的规定实行高度自治，享有行政管理权、立法权、独立的司法权和终审权。 Article 3 The executive authorities and legislature of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be composed of permanent residents of Macao in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law. 第三条 澳门特别行政区的行政机关和立法机关由澳门特别行政区永久性居民依照本法有关规定组成。 Article 4 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall safeguard the rights and freedoms of the residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region and of other persons in the Region in accordance with law. 第四条 澳门特别行政区依法保障澳门特别行政区居民和其他人的权利和自由。 Article 5 The socialist system and policies shall not be practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, and the previous capitalist system and way of life shall remain unchanged for 50 years. 第五条 澳门特别行政区不实行社会主义的制度和政策，保持原有的资本主义制度和生活方式，五十年不变。 Article 6 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall protect the right of private ownership of property in accordance with law. 第六条 澳门特别行政区以法律保护私有财产权。 Article 7 The land and natural resources within the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be State property, except for the private land recognized as such according to the laws in force before the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region. The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for their management, use and development and for their lease or grant to individuals or legal persons for use or development. The revenues derived therefrom shall be exclusively at the disposal of the government of the Region. 第七条 澳门特别行政区境内的土地和自然资源，除在澳门特别行政区成立前已依法确认的私有土地外，属于国家所有，由澳门特别行政区政府负责管理、使用、开发、出租或批给个人、法人使用或开发，其收入全部归澳门特别行政区政府支配。 Article 8 The laws, decrees, administrative regulations and other normative acts previously in force in Macao shall be maintained, except for any that contravenes this Law, or subject to any amendment by the legislature or other relevant organs of the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with legal procedures. 第八条 澳门原有的法律、法令、行政法规和其他规范性文件，除同本法相抵触或经澳门特别行政区的立法机关或其他有关机关依照法定程序作出修改者外，予以保留。 Article 9 In addition to the Chinese language, Portuguese may also be used as an official language by the executive authorities, legislature and judiciary of the Macao Special Administrative Region. 第九条 澳门特别行政区的行政机关、立法机关和司法机关，除使用中文外，还可使用葡文，葡文也是正式语文。 Article 10 Apart from displaying the national flag and national emblem of the People's Republic of China, the Macao Special Administrative Region may also use a regional flag and regional emblem. 第十条 澳门特别行政区除悬挂和使用中华人民共和国国旗和国徽外，还可悬挂和使用澳门特别行政区区旗和区徽。 The regional flag of the Macao Special Administrative Region is a green flag with five stars, lotus flower, bridge and sea water. 　　澳门特别行政区的区旗是绘有五星、莲花、大桥、海水图案的绿色旗帜。 The regional emblem of the Macao Special Administrative Region is composed of five stars, lotus flower, bridge and sea water encircled by the words "Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China" in Chinese and "MACAO" in Portuguese. 　　澳门特别行政区的区徽，中间是五星、莲花、大桥、海水，周围写有“中华人民共和国澳门特别行政区”和葡文“澳门”。 Article 11 In accordance with Article 31 of the Constitution of the People's Republic of China, the systems and policies practiced in the Macao Special Administrative Region, including the social and economic systems, the system for safeguarding the fundamental rights and freedoms of its residents, the executive, legislative and judicial systems, and the relevant policies, shall be based on the provisions of this Law. 第十一条 根据中华人民共和国宪法第三十一条，澳门特别行政区的制度和政策，包括社会、经济制度，有关保障居民的基本权利和自由的制度，行政管理、立法和司法方面的制度，以及有关政策，均以本法的规定为依据。 No law, decree, administrative regulations and normative acts of the Macao Special Administrative Region may contravene this Law. 　　澳门特别行政区的任何法律、法令、行政法规和其他规范性文件均不得同本法相抵触。 Chapter II Relationship Between the Central Authorities and the Macao Special Administrative Region 第二章 中央和澳门特别行政区的关系 Article 12 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be a local administrative region of the People's Republic of China, which shall enjoy a high degree of autonomy and come directly under the Central People's Government. 第十二条 澳门特别行政区是中华人民共和国的一个享有高度自治权的地方行政区域，直辖于中央人民政府。 Article 13 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the foreign affairs relating to the Macao Special Administrative Region. 第十三条 中央人民政府负责管理与澳门特别行政区有关的外交事务。 The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China shall establish an office in Macao to deal with foreign affairs. 　　中华人民共和国外交部在澳门设立机构处理外交事务。 The Central People's Government authorizes the Macao Special Administrative Region to conduct relevant external affairs on its own in accordance with this Law. 　　中央人民政府授权澳门特别行政区依照本法自行处理有关的对外事务。 Article 14 The Central People's Government shall be responsible for the defense of the Macao Special Administrative Region. 第十四条 中央人民政府负责管理澳门特别行政区的防务。 The Government of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be responsible for the maintenance of public order in the Region. 　　澳门特别行政区政府负责维持澳门特别行政区的社会治安。 Article 15 The Central People's Government shall appoint or remove the Chief Executive, the principal officials of the government and the Procurator-General of the Macao Special Administrative Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law. 第十五条 中央人民政府依照本法有关规定任免澳门特别行政区行政长官、政府主要官员和检察长。 Article 16 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be vested with executive power. It shall, on its own, conduct the administrative affairs of the Region in accordance with the relevant provisions of this Law. 第十六条 澳门特别行政区享有行政管理权，依照本法有关规定自行处理澳门特别行政区的行政事务。 Article 17 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall be vested with legislative power. 第十七条 澳门特别行政区享有立法权。 Laws enacted by the legislature of the Macao Special Administrative Region must be reported to the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress for the record. The reporting for record shall not affect the entry into force of such laws. 　　澳门特别行政区的立法机关制定的法律须报全国人民代表大会常务委员会备案。备案不影响该法律的生效。 If the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, after consulting the Committee for the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region under it, considers that any law enacted by the legislature of the Region is not in conformity with the provisions of this Law regarding affairs within the responsibility of the Central Authorities or regarding the relationship between the Central Authorities and the Region, the Standing Committee may return the law in question but shall not amend it. Any law returned by the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress shall immediately be invalidated. This invalidation shall not have retroactive effect, unless otherwise provided for in the laws of the Region. 　　全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的澳门特别行政区基本法委员会的意见后，如认为澳门特别行政区立法机关制定的任何法律不符合本法关于中央管理的事务及中央和澳门特别行政区关系的条款，可将有关法律发回，但不作修改。经全国人民代表大会常务委员会发回的法律立即失效。该法律的失效，除澳门特别行政区的法律另有规定外，无溯及力。 Article 18 The laws in force in the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be this Law, the laws previously in force in Macao as provided for in Article 8 of this Law, and the laws enacted by the legislature of the Region. 第十八条 在澳门特别行政区实行的法律为本法以及本法第八条规定的澳门原有法律和澳门特别行政区立法机关制定的法律。 National laws shall not be applied in the Macao Special Administrative Region except for those listed in Annex III to this Law. The laws listed therein shall be applied locally by way of promulgation or legislation by the Region. 　　全国性法律除列于本法附件三者外，不在澳门特别行政区实施。凡列于本法附件三的法律，由澳门特别行政区在当地公布或立法实施。 The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress may add to or delete from the list of laws in Annex III after consulting its Committee for the Basic Law of the Macao Special Administrative Region and the government of the Region. Laws listed in Annex III to this Law shall be confined to those relating to defense and foreign affairs as well as other matters outside the limits of the autonomy of the Region as specified by this Law. 　　全国人民代表大会常务委员会在征询其所属的澳门特别行政区基本法委员会和澳门特别行政区政府的意见后，可对列于本法附件三的法律作出增减。列入附件三的法律应限于有关国防、外交和其他依照本法规定不属于澳门特别行政区自治范围的法律。 In the event that the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress decides to declare a state of war or, by reason of turmoil within the Macao Special Administrative Region which endangers national unity or security and is beyond the control of the government of the Region, decides that the Region is in a state of emergency, the Central People's Government may issue an order applying the relevant national laws in the Region. 　　在全国人民代表大会常务委员会决定宣布战争状态或因澳门特别行政区内发生澳门特别行政区政府不能控制的危及国家统一或安全的动乱而决定澳门特别行政区进入紧急状态时，中央人民政府可发布命令将有关全国性法律在澳门特别行政区实施。 Article 19 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall he vested with independent judicial power, including that of final adjudication. 第十九条 澳门特别行政区享有独立的司法权和终审权。 The courts of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have jurisdiction over all cases in the Region, except that the restrictions on their jurisdiction imposed by the legal system and principles previously in force in Macao shall be maintained. 　　澳门特别行政区法院除继续保持澳门原有法律制度和原则对法院审判权所作的限制外，对澳门特别行政区所有的案件均有审判权。 The courts of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall have no jurisdiction over acts of state such as defense and foreign affairs. The courts of the Region shall obtain a certificate from the Chief Executive on questions of fact concerning acts of state such as defense and foreign affairs whenever such questions arise in the adjudication of cases. This certificate shall be binding on the courts. Before issuing such a certificate, the Chief Executive shall obtain a certifying document from the Central People's Government. 　　澳门特别行政区法院对国防、外交等国家行为无管辖权。澳门特别行政区法院在审理案件中遇有涉及国防、外交等国家行为的事实问题，应取得行政长官就该等问题发出的证明文件，上述文件对法院有约束力。行政长官在发出证明文件前，须取得中央人民政府的证明书。 Article 20 The Macao Special Administrative Region may enjoy other powers granted to it by the National People's Congress, the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress or the Central People's Government. 第二十条 澳门特别行政区可享有全国人民代表大会、全国人民代表大会常务委员会或中央人民政府授予的其他权力。 Article 21 Chinese citizens who are residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be entitled to participate in the management of state affairs according to law. 第二十一条 澳门特别行政区居民中的中国公民依法参与国家事务的管理。 In accordance with the assigned number of seats and the selection method specified by the National People's Congress, the Chinese citizens among the residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall locally elect deputies of the Region to the National People's Congress to participate in the work of the highest organ of state power. 　　根据全国人民代表大会确定的代表名额和代表产生办法，由澳门特别行政区居民中的中国公民在澳门选出澳门特别行政区的全国人民代表大会代表，参加最高国家权力机关的工作。 Article 22 No department of the Central People's Government and no province, autonomous region, or municipality directly under the Central Government may interfere in the affairs which the Macao Special Administrative Region administers on its own in accordance with this Law. 第二十二条 中央人民政府所属各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市均不得干预澳门特别行政区依照本法自行管理的事务。 If there is a need for departments of the Central Government, or for provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, to set up offices in the Macao Special Administrative Region, they must obtain the consent of the government of the Region and the approval of the Central People's Government. 　　中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市如需在澳门特别行政区设立机构，须征得澳门特别行政区政府同意并经中央人民政府批准。 All offices set up in the Macao Special Administrative Region by departments of the Central Government, or by provinces, autonomous regions, or municipalities directly under the Central Government, and the personnel of these offices shall abide by the laws of the Region. 　　中央各部门、各省、自治区、直辖市在澳门特别行政区设立的一切机构及其人员均须遵守澳门特别行政区的法律。 For entry into the Macao Special Administrative Region, people from other provinces, autonomous regions or municipalities directly under the Central Government must apply for approval. Among them, the number of persons who enter the Region for the purpose of settlement shall be determined by the competent authorities of the Central People's Government after consulting the government of the Region. 　　各省、自治区、直辖市的人进入澳门特别行政区须办理批准手续，其中进入澳门特别行政区定居的人数由中央人民政府主管部门征求澳门特别行政区政府的意见后确定。 The Macao Special Administrative Region may establish an office in Beijing. 　　澳门特别行政区可在北京设立办事机构。 Article 23 The Macao Special Administrative Region shall enact laws on its own to prohibit any act of treason, secession, sedition, subversion against the Central People's Government, or theft of state secrets, to prohibit foreign political organizations or bodies from conducting political activities in the Region, and to prohibit political organizations or bodies of the Region from establishing ties with foreign political organizations or bodies. 第二十三条 澳门特别行政区应自行立法禁止任何叛国、分裂国家、煽动叛乱、颠覆中央人民政府及窃取国家机密的行为，禁止外国的政治性组织或团体在澳门特别行政区进行政治活动，禁止澳门特别行政区的政治性组织或团体与外国的政治性组织或团体建立联系。 Chapter III Fundamental Rights and Duties of the Residents 第三章 居民的基本权利和义务 Article 24 Residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region ("Macao residents") shall include permanent residents and non-permanent residents. 第二十四条 澳门特别行政区居民，简称澳门居民，包括永久性居民和非永久性居民。 The permanent residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be: 　　澳门特别行政区永久性居民为： (1) Chinese citizens born in Macao before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region and their children of Chinese nationality born outside Macao; 　　（一）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生的中国公民及其在澳门以外所生的中国籍子女； (2) Chinese citizens who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than seven years before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region and their children of Chinese nationality born outside Macao after they have become permanent residents; 　　（二）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上的中国公民及在其成为永久性居民后在澳门以外所生的中国籍子女； (3) The Portuguese who were born in Macao and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region; 　　（三）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生并以澳门为永久居住地的葡萄牙人； (4) The Portuguese who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 7 years and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region; 　　（四）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上并以澳门为永久居住地的葡萄牙人； (5) Other persons who have habitually resided in Macao for a continuous period of not less than 7 years and have taken Macao as their place of permanent residence before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region; 　　（五）在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门通常居住连续七年以上并以澳门为永久居住地的其他人； (6) Persons under 18 years of age born in Macao of those residents listed in Category (5) before or after the establishment of the Macao Special Administrative Region. 　　（六）第（五）项所列永久性居民在澳门特别行政区成立以前或以后在澳门出生的未满十八周岁的子女。 The above-mentioned residents shall have the right of abode in the Macao Special Administrative Region and shall be qualified to obtain permanent identity cards. 　　以上居民在澳门特别行政区享有居留权并有资格领取澳门特别行政区永久性居民身份证。 The non-permanent residents of the Macao Special Administrative Region shall be persons who are qualified to obtain Macao identity cards in accordance with the laws of the Region but have no right of abode. 　　澳门特别行政区非永久性居民为：有资格依照澳门特别行政区法律领取澳门居民身份证，但没有居留权的人。 Article 25 All Macao residents shall be equal before the law, and shall be