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政治学本土化
1 ���������� �� ��������������� �� ��������������� �� ��������������� �� ����� ������������ ����� �� �� ����� ���� ���� �� �� ���� ����� �������� !"��� # �� � # ��� # ��� #����� �$%&'()*+,-�.( )�/0 � 1����� 2345���� ���� ���� 6789�:;� <=5 ��>9? @ ��234�AB A�� �B ����� 2�&'C(D��EF AB,?./0+@ABC0DEFGHIJ� �KLAFMN0OPQ,$%%R(S� 2 (���Ë() YZ[Ò ([n�<��*[���\���YZ[��§ � �ƒ��%tYZ['ëï�� A� ’¡j(YZ[ !�"#�æ$$ %% &ò�Ù'(’¡)* +•¤ì ,- Ç. /N0Ð 1234 5 6�Ù8°a��� 7Rì 8” 9Ø@£\::����^; �†�� ��YZ[<�=8”ì ; ¢£ �->-ì �� Ç. /N0Ð 1234*56�Ù�HI?@�ABC;�� YZDE*[�DEtF \G H#ì �I JKL�ì ���-0@ †�á-·Mñ^ @ ®�§N» ��['�OPQ �@ ®�§NRS�I KÒ� S#HIèéTò UVWX æWj’¡UVsY�ABvø�|}Z�A Bvø [~H2�’vA�� B †\#¢|}�A�� B~�IH]B �¥’��^~�� B�¥�_’ `a~�]BA�AbÑ~�®�¦§cd efgX’]h 9~ABvø �À��m��mt‚i#jkgl�ì 0 ÷��YZ[�m� �h[ �‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ n\#1’1H“0÷ No�®�¢£�pgD��[w�h æ�’q¹ºAr�� ”n¦§� ��I RSsN�t! ‚ vøo�uvw,0 �xy’z ²-jk {�E|�I E|ñ^ E|’z� \]�^-0 -ñ^ Ç. �Ù*”®�|}�h���[n ”w }§NÎì ~ ì 2�€[¼ uvD^)[w�ì \�~ RSì �j( #‚Gù�ƒ �ل… �-�� ”12j( †‡ ì 8Ǧ  »�� j(56nˆ¡P‰�ŠHI1Ù ^‹Œ#’¡¦§� ²“�� ”•ŽÑ��{ ‘<� Ej( á-’“ì ”lN� %äÊ+ ��"•[)–—Ø (Alberto O. Hirschman) ˜�™&'YZš›œ (World Politics) �&<’›£�g”žŸ? ¡¢‚ (The Search for Paradigms as a Hindrance to Understanding) ”e�3·£H›e¤�ì W�¥� g.�e¤ `V�1968ÊË(;¦#�N¬§¨©Ëª « ’N� John Womack ™¬­®»¯�Ì°±š(Zapata and the Mexican Revolution) 4c’N � James L. Payne ™ÌÍÎÏ ²³´Ÿš(Patterns of Conflict in Colombia).5 + n�¬§¯�̵�>¶·¸¬­® ¹º»+�Âná�¼½ ýÙ�¾¿¬­ ® ^*+�O#ÀÁ åÂ����Ô ‚Ä \®�b;ŀƔ�«�’ )ÇÈ;¦,;¦�kn<É�ª?�Ân—/ �ÊM*¢ËÌ͇Π«’ ›‹ÏÏÐÐÑ;#%䄁”0Ð WÒC¤<Ž�ÓÔH“0Ð�¥!¶� Æ; ,�0а�<#ÓÔ�p«Ânՙ³^ªÖ á�×Ø#ƒ ” Å 3 Alberto O. Hirschman, “The Search for Paradigms as a Hindrance to Understanding,” World Politics, Vol. 22, No. 3 (April 1970), pp. 329-343. 4 John Womack, Zapata and the Mexican Revolution (New York: Knopf, 1968). 5 James L. Payne, Patterns of Conflict in Colombia (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968). 3 €^°¦ �òt Ù1t#‚ÌÍÎÏ YZÚù�HN«��Û�ÜÝ Þß 8[;¦,;¦ �àá�O ∠Wµã k’N«Î+’N«äT��[ ��å žŸ� 斗ؔc’IÃk∷� ²æçXèé’N«�ê §ë�^ �¨©Ëª #‚�—/H¡âˆ ˜�¨©Ëª VW�ÌÍÎϼ ì*íÂ< –—Øî#+’N«ï1�k’N«�ƒEa<�ðñ{ òP ó N´®ôX��ÌÍÎÏYZ Ø�6õ�Womack�«j®�>-|}��  ”1234 æ£�ƒyö^�÷ »+ ^ �A-øù¯�̵�°± aú =û \-�ü�&'ÑW�týµ�°± ‚�7 †��Ù êë j(::?Z@�EA�.() (authoritarianism)�8 ¢£� H¡âB\"-§ïù�› �ÏCD�› �ÛYE�› FGH�›*I€P�›�j(’í�( æ12WYE� J Ç.nÖ�K(�H© Ç.§�YZ12�|}LMN~sYW_’ •-OP‹�Q¹OP  �BC;�� Úù�X}R…� !"�ÖS�TUÔV( a j(‹#’¡W’()�XYWZ"Å#�[ \]^ W’ 8{T’í}ŠXê_�H���^�` ‚ � 6 TUVWXYHZ,7[Y\]^_ `A Propensity to Self-Subversion (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1995). 7 ab,cdef./ghi j�� �� YklmnopqYrskStuYv,wxyzn{kY C|@}=S 8 ~€,‚ƒ„w…†‡ˆ‰Š‹Fdm-ŒŽ=.6���� ��� �� ���(S‘„’“Y0 ”•–—˜™|S� 4 Lucian Pye;¼�aH ’¼bN§j(56 �_’cÅ<Ë(YZ[- -d j(56n�ƒ�’e�� @"����efj?ö-¤�j(µ µ�¡eµn0g#’¡�h() (China is a civilization pretending to be a nation-state)��ƒ*Wƒ’“��[nEa j(}ŠW’ Tò�iW jk + lÂá�1mxn#¤�ƒ H©E —/€�[~Pye 0# �]�$’ ���h() /o��h�. †j(W’ /oAA�e �†!�j(^”> �ª> e� †��ƒ �h() (4�pqg q � ����^” j(^ �h�.��rs# †�r~#)� $ã ���h() tu�vùwx� Úù� †j(’Ieµy zÚù� {N�9 PyeH|12\]�j(^}al�† æ��£ nnW~Ar V��ß�x;� �h() ¶��h�.*Úù� €�¢£��� "Ôá�T‚ "Ô ���h() ”§‚Äj (8’W ¹WN~¾�ÖT‚"Ôjƒ„;�…†‡Ú Ôü�¼½¾ ¿XW�eµ H�h[ øùN~10 !"1995Ê ëˆË([n‰a(Francis Fukuyama) ;¦#’N8« ™ÖŚ� ƒü&'Ñ,�()1�>¤vÖÅù()*2ÖÅù()�Ë(��� Š§+n †j(’¢£›’�j( �O#ÌÍ�ƒ Æ;õ�Î InglehartÁ �2’“ æ5�v§,� ��()* œ��()Á���Á1996Ê InglehartÁ�O# ’ �&'O 9 Lucian Pye, “China: Erratic State, Frustrated Society,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 69, No. 4 (1990), pp. 56-74. 10 š„›”�Edward Friedman œŠFd•‚žYŸ F¡¢£¤¥¦§¡S„¨©Ys”ª «ss¬M,­[Y@®,@¯„°±²³, ­[vªv†0´µ¶·¸¹Žº»¼S Edward Friedman, “Reconstructing China’s National Identity: A Southern Alternative to Mao-Era Anti-Imperialist Nationalism,” Journal of Asian Studies, Vol. 53, No. 1 (1994), pp. 67-91. 11 Aaron Xavier Fellmeth, “Social Capital in the United States and Taiwan: Trust or Rule of Law,” Development Policy Review, Vol. 14, No. 2 (June 1996), pp. 151-171. 12 Ronald Inglehart, Modernization and Postmodernization: Cultural, Economic, and Political Change in 43 Societies (Princeton: Princeton University Press), p. 173. 13 Kazufumi Manabe, “People’s Attitudes Toward Technology and Environment in China,” Kwansei Gakuin University Annual Studies, 1995. 5 PÌÍ žŸ„ä ¡()*tý j(\Ž��ÁH’ Æ;»+ �’ Æ;8>€þ 5�„<à1ƒ¡ä j(^0 ƒ ªÖ8X[^ PbÖÅ���Áõ� InglehartÁ5�قÄj(^:�ƒv ÖÅù æƒ!� ›xy�I [/�¢£#�ì»TÂn�¢�Ê ÌÍ㣠�„<à 1ƒ%ä j(¤¥¦�ªÖ,-Ñ8X[^PbÖÅ�H¡Î=Î+å ÌÍÆ;2bX �l�Vì Ì͈¶ ´�Vj( ,-ÖÅ !�§¨L©���Á�¢äÊ� Ë( ,-ÖÅ\ª«#]X���Á�Y¨} 0 �à1ƒ%ä ^”,-Ñ8X[^PbÖÅ H�&'Ñ5�Š§ vÖÅù()�‰a|}-Ö¬­®~Inglehart|}�ñ •–¯/� xy ��xyj([/ ¦°�~HsY°»ƒ ±²jóü³´��� ¬�-��E&' ¨}-�E5{[~Á !"0X�� ’¡����O ��� j(YE!öX#^� µi ¶ J#W·Y !���NaYE�X8GùÑÛ�!���¡•–¢£�á 0 ®�•–—/‹Ö¬ ¸�¹#��[' 8º�æWX��[n »��\Ž’“j( ¼^l” i��½€¾’¾×Ú 2�¦§¿b ^� ÀŠ�V� j½YE®�!����†Á ®3�;£–/� æ� ÂËj([nÆ_à ÄÅ ÆÇ-8È •–[/–µ H¡�O EÙ�ÉÊ ���Á¦Ë � �§ƒ ��»�O ���ä W56 Æ;�ÌÍ,?GwQ•Y ôõAQ•ö÷Y¡øJ��KLAKLFMN0ùúÖ×û,$%%&(,����'üRý'&üS 6 c zN*é� \Žê¶N�� ‚2�ò ‚ �§á�å��� �ê ë���*zN�¶��� \oà]ê¶N���¶��^\] -0 ^¬¨}§���¶[~ìíšÚ^¬���¶�_"t. �•Ž Ñ ê¶Nî(���¶ÎÇc*zN����d ÅÆ�íXä¢&ï ð ãä&ïñ �^¬�¶ šÚsYÎ�Çc*zN�¶ šÚ�Sb X� � Ái�^¬���¶i�ÅÆm= ���^Ev§�E *�"•� �� £jo�ƒ. |}��['n��.†��[~H¡¹¸Xè �ò‹S# ´�óôS# ~ !"âk’¡= \»��E&' ¹¸�¬�ÐÑk ��v< ´�’òÓ Ô ²��� ����§�##YZ[j 9Ø@£�æ��� ::? �õX¾ƒZ `<Á»Gö��¼ R§^��¥t!§�)Â�<ãb� ·�#�:÷øøùÊ Ë(™;#�ú�û�üý=…t�þM�� † �Šk `YE å®EX„© 56����g � Ô���,� () Gö����°§�a�^�‰Ž»�������� ¼Á K ôÁ»:�Ú� Hô’“()¼���“()*tý ŠHI���� † a 7R��YE�ø»�� �¨ê� �;�� …t¼ 8‡´,-² ³Á»�%� ÏËêÏ ���� �ù��ϼ ¯^Q�.� »^�� “ +�­¼�|}-;�H© Tò~Gö��� Tš��|}~á 0 t!¬v�� ^�Aop¬v�� "Ÿ \o¬v�� JÈ ¬v•�RJ�� ]i�ÑÁ= ;#’“WPb56 ¢£¤:�| }]iL ¾��OGö������ Å*�Q! ~�]i�#� " L |}© Úù�Ð�,# Å$~æ���H©¢ãb�YZÑ �!¶ V����56/NыŒ#H“ä1¬% ¢£�� j( [n ò&ÒK°j(YZÚù ÅÆÅ$ ì n�§�H“¢£' ( v� Ñò = 0µ WX¢£�����YZ[jg�XŸ)�:;¾�-�� 124�‚Ä� á-³ì ��#‚ �•&'öX;*��� j([n �WX¢£\®��# Ÿ)�;9€�[~—ìE ;9sY�§�+,Šù- jÃgl �.3��YZ[/1 >� 0NùØW¹¸ v1WTš� - 19 John Torpey, The Invention of the Passport: Surveillance, Citizenship and the State (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000), 20 ‚˜Cþ,�vÄ�cd�” Robert D. Kaplan �nª‘M�,Ý “Was Democracy Just a Moment? The Atlantic Monthly, Vol. 280, No. 6, pp. 55-80�[YfM����n+k The Coming Anarchy: Shattering the Dream of the Post-Cold War (New York: Random House, 2000)�{k‚�^€ çn �Y�},./0 ������˜��”�OY²³S 7 ì Ãt .9�j(*&' YZ�„�ORS� wæ�H¡ YZO :;/o (²,�^°�� ƒ ,Â,� �#³�I ê<â8�) V�¦ „…t÷ e� -a‚ÄC( �C¡�=f CIY ZO�21£�`a8[n� ”e:: ¶�¸„£h[”e VWZÙï #[[ϟ*�>��< XY�`a8a?@@ 5�WX[n�A� B� �^Ô0 RSXº+C �`a”´®�“Xh[ òˆ�22 �^’ �� t ; �`a”��h[ †�’Igl"øD��A®�„…e � †E�No2�Ë(t�e� €�23 •ŽÑ ��`a”56 + [n F!�G”’¡óN� ¢£¤ YZ[�®�¦§(#h[~H¡G”sY´-HIL=�ÖNJ”(Ontology) 9ùE ’¡[h�#h[34ï!%¡]i�$’ W56�„�K;8� D$ã p56�„LM“…† ‡ÚD$% H“‡Ú�NO �-V 56n O*56Æ; PQ†�¼(��YZ[56 �„�¥4�H“tu [~ $’¡]iã��ï! �YZ�„�K;8� ��YZ[nRST1; a �æ$ã*$%¡]i2lÂ` ï!#��NJ” g.Ñ C(YZXè �>J´��,@þ~Ö��YZƒ„;a ,U�‡Ú �¥>©"-§ �� ()~�“ ^(�����^ æ\Ž �� )^” ��e�2�&' e � �������.�&#�^>…† *NO OP ��()Ø#5�� Q9 \2ñ�`a��H“^Ea �� ê_2�$%&' µ_ ŠÒ� 21 Robert H. Bates, “Area Studies and the Discipline: A Useful Controversy?” PS, Political Science & Politics, Vol. 30, No. 2 (June 1997), pp. 166-169. �� Robert H. Bates, et al, Analytic Narratives (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1998). 22 � Donald P. Green and Ian Shapiro, Pathologies of Rational Choice Theory: A Critique of Applications in Political Science (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1994) 23 Chalmers Johnson, “Preconception vs. Observation: On the Contributions of Rational Choice Theory and Area Studies to Contemporary Political Science,” PS, Political Science & Politics, Vol. 30, No. 2 (June 1997), pp. 170-174. 8 Z �Ù ^>,-’÷-VÓï> ÖOP3D*ÚùW™ÑD��EF��� �” /§æç��YZb; �‡Ú ��"-§,�() ²³ê_�"- :�’_-"-�HIEÙ»FÊ��¹Xü�/YXEÙ>;’� A�’IÖ Z†! n��[Ñ#’\]] [�^_�`ab (Samuel P. Huntington) � �RÑcD::d$%&'�e1 æƒRS�¡��I;¸��|}'( ^� @’0f# ��øb’“gh�ii^ ��^\�r���ƒ eµ²³”• ŽÑ!"j£ ��eµ�>»W�eµ CIeµ�-ï>���¨}-�eµ ²³[~ka ƒ c’›e¤úû£º2Z@���¤Ãt †��…& �24 —`ab EÙ ª�§W�() ��<=�Ãt ���Ãt Nk�Ãt �†&'ï>”<��Êl �� u0 mn ���X èÃt�éo[~`abÑ<#�]¤"•e� /YX¹W ôªK pE» YE 1q ÙZ Xr�.»Ï�,- �stÚ ¡^�.�H�]1 a E å®�’]�Ãt �æ�]�# W’J ^�º � "V �º€N ¦ Ö : "Ôj� O[wDƒ �A-?¶tÂ;?o \-�¶Â;`a�†ƒ ?o�Ÿ*` aÒt°��î÷ �^ H“tJ³bYZj V;¬Òä1M� \³b�� (È *�V(È No4�vù �¶÷��ò�H© 56�„ YZ[n� � �‡Ú ‚›�¦§Wd�-�#Xƒ HI�‡Ú 2-J„ Vº€ N [w§N*RSN¦§K(YZ�»n O´Ÿ7RYZ�� ‡<�•Ž Ñ YZ[No2-�…³W�� �‡Ú J† V�YZ�»n† [w iŽÖ�o"Åj[w \ŽÖYZ[n:Æ �‡Ú j[w�25 :;YZ[�� �‡Ú i�§‚ƒ„…†‡ˆ ��§¹ƒà&†�¢ �¨}¦§#h[[~ 24 Samuel P. Huntington, “The West: Unique, Not Universal,” Foreign Affairs, Vol. 75, No. 6, pp. 28-46. 25 Gabriel A. Almond, “Clouds, Clocks, and the Study of Politics,” World Politics, Vol. 29, No. 4 (1977). 9 �� ì ‡’Ó 0÷YZ[¦ #h[ æH\�gqÒ��YZ[! "##h[�1990Ê+k �­*Hô +,-�.YE³�ˆ‚#�0³� �V��/#y}X×) �#y}X"‰ Æ;n®§Š‹XH© Œ(�W • <=åäÊ YZ[�€˜!¶tŠ‹��^��YZ”2�¬§�‘= ôªfI¡^ (Dead, European, White, Male) [¢ ¶ä1¹p�j(8[f ¢YZw1Æ ’÷�¢��YZw1ÆD†��8[¢YZw1Æ £�-¢j (YZw1Æ���j( �¢ \�-¢�ù¯W�eµ�^>YZw1 ¤ f�h¥���YZ” _’€t á�’) ñ�1¦� ߒ ãäÊa HIYZ”öX#a���‚ §Ñ� e�Xr�.* ¨E�.jÃ��YZ”‹Œ#���‚ $%&' (the third world within the West) ²©¨*S[�h��� "�¼#’“(�¤’“l�*�l� ”)¬§©¨*S[�h ”Á?Ö»ª«f¬­#;a�26 æ��jv Tò® �K( á�<Ö�‘= ôªfI¡^ (��‘= ôË^ †!�:;0 �Ž¨E�.*e�Xr�. YZ”2���� YZ” @ ��‹Œ W�eµ¤f YZ”������ � (Ž¬Ò ��j((Ž¬Ò56 ��*®¯ ’ej 27°&P ; ��CI(Ž ¬Ò” w1z±²a����o¤ 26 Susan J. Carroll and Linda G. Zerilli, “Feminist Challenges to Political Science,” in Ada W. Finifter, ed., Political Science: The State of the Discipline II (Washington, D.C.: American Political Science Association, 1993), pp. 55-76; Amy Gutmann, ed., Multiculturalism and “The Politics of Recognition (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1992. 27 8��,-FddTgÖ×Y����6,Ç�Ê,1999 ÏS 10 �E”a�Ù( ³� (Ž�YE�ø0a�d( ´� (Ž?N ²µ”a�Ù( �¶ *P*��.w1a�§!( 6! (Ž² ³”a�!( vê�}· ()jv”a�§!( ¸{¹� Ñk Ë((Ž¬Ò” 1�._88ºs 3†�ƒ �~Ì?N �•�. H�Ë(»�­G»D�tF �•YZ£÷ †£��[h�� �ÕÖ£÷ �ÐÑÆ)k Ë((Ž¬Ò['�^¼`���*P” \>© �no#Ë(\�Y½Ì~ ����•�.0Ð á�¦§ @ ¡^*()2 - ~¾s�H¡ÕÖ-a‚Ä��<= ¿��.*�� w(�.��WT " æ�^¢- „o��j(� ê �=: ±§�•�.�8 �j(AŔ ���.�8 �� �*P” �•�. �DEÌ÷”  ñ` Í> �ÅÆÎƔ *�eµ²³” � µã»j(Ï ���j(†a � á§� l;II�j( ()ê<�À�< Ɣ� £#H=@ 4´¦ Ð�t0��(Ž¬Ò”�h[[~ Ë(YZ Ë(YZ[56 ·¸�Ë(YZ Ë(YZ56 ·¸� Ë(���†Ë (��Úùƒ, &3��HIt÷ "ø »Ë(YZ[n�Ñk· ÷.�� ��¬Ò�”e@0 Ë(YZ[����YZ „�;çn >�\�YZ É 7�»n����� € †��h[��ÕÖ ��€� ãÑ+k g8ê !(*�­ ÑÒYZ³Ë([nüÓÔÊ ¼YÑÒY Z\¹ÕXË(a��Ö � ���הÌÍ�� …�Ë(�ÒlÂ���O P ÀŠùª�2�ò�s� AÅ Ë(YZ[ ±ò^�õ†> Ø>`# ���Þü (liberal guardianship) 9 W@Ù�· ÷.��� ق�^ 11 � ق�Ú� YZ�»Ðš ÛYZÜd�.ÝÞ�28�H¡ ÏÒê< †��ê<êë ƒZ ìG‘’¡íî�HI" 9ùE �Üd2�^� (The elites are, for all practical purposes, the people)�31 v#’ Ua‰#y}8ï2�#ÛÜdY ZÝÞ� H“YZ[n 0N�APQ#•ŽYZ \�W8Gùч÷#YZ[56 ·¸�ÑkË(YZ56�%¡·¸ ²ðñO Ͻה*Ͻ`a�ðñ O#·¸o�’ijk + V»ñ ��()ªÎ Ë( ðñÂW2� :W8` ðñÂ::�à1ƒ¡äòó j›`< ((-sô`<) ðñÂ<á �à1ƒã %ä�:;8X[^®�&“�I ê< YZ†!�35º+ ‡ž´�§¢ ��“â )* â�� �¼�M (explain the obvious)���12��YZ�X8Â-�8 y¢ 12 ��YZ�¥-bÑ� sY�ˆ’¡8 ¢ � "ԕ–�56�1�> ’>�tý56 ’>�,U�jڍ”56 (middle-range theories)�š§›œ Hf�×ØMkn VMtý56’÷-™ ñ� � 0Xtý56 ��ttQQ Ðр�1945Ê �Ë(åÂg�;’¡ Ð ��YZ�G YZÒ ê_ å®�’¡YZÒ� Ð�¬ ��YZ �G�HI�_�t (��¼�ÐÑv�›�y�Ë(ò&Ò�4�ì � � 4�ì Ï^ H¡Û�¢£ n�§®�#‚ ��() •-^x�  ^e·¸ H�[RXá§���� Ë(YE (tñ�($�*¡98�)�b ��-,-h[�Ù56�jþ^I (funny people)36 *�œk^I (exotic 33 Ibid, p. 6. 34 F��7,½9��� !G. W. "=!,?#C0J,(¥$Aì%k&,1999)S 35 '7 Donald N. McCloskey, The Rhetoric of Economics (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985)� 36 William Nelson Fenton, “Integration of Geography and Anthropology in Army Area Study Curricula,” American Association of University Professors Bulletin, XXXII (1946), p. 706). 13 people)37 ð�Œz�VW�1957Ê�­�I�’ü^SÞ�Ì�rS ³Ë(< ( !�’Ê Ë((-�<™("X#ٚ�� kãäXÊf —/�Ù $ V$ Ë(C8[ tý56jv¯X#a�YE±±�Œ zM�Ë( C8/ %-�YE @ÙúT&' \((ÐÄׁ/%)Mtý56�tý56 ·¸ W§0µ¢£��”�YEzM *º ´�/%-)M *º W·¸°�\� �­/Hô¯j(/HÏ °�Ë(�ÐÑj ω��W�tý :¨Ë ª �Ï\�56 º ��LË(¶÷ÐÑj Ï��38 �“�Ë(YE)M tý 56*º7RíAúŠñ( YZ :+�ó,Ä8[ ’¡*ºLM�…-./ YE01õ+2ç 39 c’¡�€ *º(²3�4� Operation Camelot) ˜™� <��,-²³” 56g;LM“Ë(56YE�7G^ 89�40 ì0H“ Ô�gj£,�Ö+tý56 ^°�Ë(YE L: \�gj £<=åäÊ tý56’��^�ì1 ; á�’¡)* +•¤tý56» »ÐѪ¬ »Ë( ()W�ª¬ H�§�PQW56 ·¸*�Ù V�� �� \�¦§�„� �4�pqg. � �ÐÑk HI „�� c’I �Ÿ&�#;a�ÐÑÆ)k Ë(’�J=#WÏ^ §�Ë(YE�1›:t ý56fð;<= lb�tý56zM 8œ º��Ã�> Ë( /%-› ’’>�ð� ³C8[ tý56*º?Ñ�@ ` H�‘î§N—�8 � æ�ån§¨L© Æ;S##[�' mt�41 á�H�mt UVn»[ ��¬ !:tý56 œ`UV»[��¬’©� ½€�.Úù56�tý56 ’¡·�1À Hf¦ E;jڍ”»tý 56 ¬Ò�á0½€�.�Ë( Ï^ �� 56Ë(×)oXA¸BC � £W”RS���< ž±E½€�.56 ºD lÂ�¸zô¦Æ� Almond * Roselle �1989Ê�&<’›e¤M½€�.56»YZ” ¬Ò ƒ -#’¡EZ�¿´� (model fitting) ä1¹p�/ƒ ;ç քäÊ� ðX�äÊ�𠽀�.56·—/NÑ�C>\a” Fut�7E�.´ � (The totalitarian model) Æ�B§´� (structural functionalism) YZe�´� (political culture) ��´� (the development model) Xr´� (pluralist model) ê<êë´� (the interest group model) TÂ�.´� (corporatism) Y½GH´ � (policy network) ÷øYZ´� (bureaucratic politics) �Ö¬Ò´� (patron- 37 Harry Eckstein, “A Critique of Area Studies From a West European Perspective,” in Lucian W. Pye, ed. Political Science and Area Studies: Rivals or Partners (Bloomington: Indiana University Press 1975), p. 203. 38 Immanuel Wallerstein, “The Unintended Conseq
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